关键词: 伤口造口, 培训迁移, 效果, 专科护士培训, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the training transfer efficacy of wound and ostomy specialty nurses and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From November to December 2025，convenience sampling was applied to enroll 328 nurses as participants. The participants consisted of two groups：nurses who received training at the six provincial wound and ostomy specialty nurse training bases，as well as nurses from the six bases who participated in the wound and ostomy specialty nurse training program organized by the Chinese Nursing Association. All participants obtained official training qualification certificates from 2020 to 2025. Questionnaires including the general demographic information questionnaire，the Specialty Nurse Training Transfer Effect Scale，the General Training Climate Scale，and the Nurses’ Work Environment Scale were used for data collection. Results The total score of training transfer effect among wound and ostomy specialty nurses was（23.87±4.54）. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that marital status（unmarried，divorced/widowed，with married status as the reference group），administrative position，workplace setting（outpatient department，with ward as the reference group），frequency of engaging in specialized wound and ostomy nursing，and institutional support for wound and ostomy services jointly explained 32.7% of the variance in training transfer efficacy. Organizational training climate independently contributed 29.4% of the variance，and professional autonomy plus sufficient staffing accounted for an extra 5.6% of the variance. Conclusion The training transfer effect of wound and ostomy specialty nurses is at a moderately high level and is influenced by a variety of factors. In the future，hospitals should fully stimulate the exemplary leading effect of unmarried nurses in training transfer，strengthen managerial support for specialized wound and ostomy nursing services by developing specialist competency maintenance and training conversion programmes for nurses holding administrative duties and setting up a ward rotation practice mechanism for outpatient wound and ostomy specialty nurses to secure adequate practical operation opportunities in relevant nursing care，foster a hospital-wide positive climate for training transfer，grant greater professional autonomy to nursing staff and remedy workforce shortages，thereby elevating the overall training transfer performance of wound and ostomy specialty nurses and aviod wasted training resources and loss of specialized nursing talent.

Key words: Wound and Ostomy, Training Transfer, Effect, Specialty Nurse Training, Root Cause Analysis