With the continuous growth of medical demands and the increasing complexity of the medical system，advanced practice nurses（APNs） are playing an increasingly important role in improving the quality of medical services and optimizing the allocation of resources. This article summarizes the training characteristics of APN abroad and combines the training experience of APN in West China Hospital of Sichuan University to share thoughts on the training model of core competencies of APN. Currently，the development of advanced practical talent cultivation models at home and abroad shows diversified paths. In the future，it is necessary to continue to integrate local demands and international experiences，strengthen the exploration of advanced core ability cultivation models for APN talents，and provide references for cultivating more high-quality APN talents in China to meet the growing health needs of the people.

With the advancement of medical technology and the transformation of healthcare models，the role of advanced practice nursing in enhancing nursing quality，improving patient outcomes，and optimizing healthcare resource allocation has become increasingly prominent. Taking the development of the intravenous therapy clinical nurse specialist team at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital，School of Medicine，Zhejiang University as an example，this article systematically summarizes the construction experiences of such specialized nursing teams. It provides detailed insights from the three different stages of the team’s development process. The paper comprehensively presents the team’s complete developmental journey from its initial establishment to maturity，aiming to offer practical references for fostering and building clinical nurse specialist team，thereby contributing to the high-quality development of the nursing profession.

Objective To construct a training content for faculty of anesthesia specialty nurses at clinical teaching bases. Methods Based on literature analysis，semi-structured interviews，and expert panel validation，a preliminary draft of the training content was developed. From September 2024 to November 2024，two rounds of Delphi consultations were conducted with 32 experts from 20 provinces，followed by expert validation to finalize the checklist. The Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） was employed to determine item weightings. Results The effective response rates for both rounds of expert consultations were 100%，with expert authority coefficients of 0.95 and 0.94，and Kendall’s coefficients of concordance of 0.149 and 0.119（P<0.001），respectively. The finalized training content comprises five first-level items，15 second-level items，and 56 third-level items. The consistency ratios of all judgment matrices ranged from 0 to 0.051 7. Conclusion The constructed training content demonstrates scientific rigor and reliability，serving as a referential framework for standardizing faculty development in clinical teaching bases for anesthesiology specialty nurses.

The clinical teaching base for palliative care specialty nurses serves as a core platform for cultivating high-quality specialized nursing professionals in palliative care. To address existing challenges such as inadequate quality supervision mechanisms，unclear faculty admission criteria，and lack of consideration for personalized training needs in setting training content，the clinical teaching base for palliative care specialty nurses of the Chinese Nursing Association introduced a Structure-Process-Outcome three-dimensional quality management model to systematically optimize quality management. At the structural level，improvements included organizational management refinement，standardized faculty team development，and optimized training design. At the process level，a comprehensive monitoring system was implemented through “needs assessment-whole-process supervision-bidirectional feedback” mechanisms. At the outcome level，the evaluation index centered on trainee satisfaction was established. Practical application demonstrates significant enhancements in trainee satisfaction and training effects. The presented experience offers valuable reference for promoting standardized development of clinical teaching bases for palliative care specialty nurses.

Objective To construct the evaluation index system for the training of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine specialty nurses in Beijing. Methods Through domestic and international literature review of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine specialty nurses，Delphi expert consultation questionnaire was designed based on Kirkpatrick model. Through two rounds of consultation with 15 experts，the training evaluation index system was determined. Six experts involved in the organization，implementation，and management of Beijing’s integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine specialty nurse training program evaluated the feasibility of this indicator system. Results The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation was 100%. The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds were 0.92 and 0.93 respectively. The Kendall’s coordination coefficients for the first，second and third-level indicators in the two rounds of expert inquiries were 0.233，0.233，0.239 and 0.327，0.316，0.364 respectively（all P<0.05）. The feasibility scores for each level of indicator were（4.92 ± 0.28） points，（4.73 ± 0.47） points，and（4.79 ± 0.41） points，respectively.The final evaluation index system included 4 first-level indicators，16 second-level indicators and 72 third-level indicators. Conclusion The evaluation index system is scientific and reliable，which can provide reference for the evaluation of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine specialty nurses training in various provinces and cities.

Objective To investigate the training transfer level of oral specialty nurses and its influencing factors. Methods Using convenience sampling，oral specialty nurses who completed the 2024 training program of the Chinese Nursing Association and obtained certification were selected as participants. Surveys were conducted using the General Information Questionnaire，Oral Specialty Nurse Training Transfer Assessment Scale，General Self-Efficacy Scale，and Nursing Work Environment Scale. Results A total of 148 valid questionnaires were collected. The training transfer score of oral specialty nurses was（38.86±4.74） points. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that professional title，scores on the General Self-Efficacy Scale，and scores on the Nursing Work Environment Scale were significant influencing factors（P<0.05），explaining 50.3% of the variance in training transfer levels. Conclusion The training transfer of oral specialty nurses is at a moderately high level. Clinical managers should prioritize the effective utilization and application of oral specialty nurses’ competencies，consider their work experience，and synergistically focus on individual empowerment and environmental optimization to develop and implement training transfer strategies，thereby improving the training transfer level and promoting the improvement of clinical nursing quality.

Objective To understand the structure and research directions of nursing graduate tutor teams in China，so as to provide references for the development of nursing education. Methods The public information of graduate tutors from 64 nursing colleges was collected and sorted using the Selenium crawler framework in Python. The personal general data（age，degree，professional title，etc.） and overall conditions（quantity，research directions，structural distribution，etc.） of full-time nursing graduate tutors were analyzed，and latent class analysis was conducted on the general data characteristics of the tutors. Results A total of 1，158 nursing graduate tutors from 64 colleges were included. The general data characteristics of the tutors were divided into three latent categories：cutting-edge highly educated type（25.8%），senior experienced type（43.5%），and core elite type（30.7%）. The logistic regression analysis showed that tutor type，college level，region，and work unit were significant factors influencing the latent categories of the general data of nursing graduate tutors（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing postgraduate supervisors are heterogeneous in their general profile characteristics and can be classed into three potential categories. Nursing colleges and affiliated hospitals can plan nursing postgraduate supervisors in an integrated manner according to the influencing factors of different potential classes in order to optimize the nursing postgraduate supervisory workforce.

Objective To construct a knowledge graph for the Internal Medicine Nursing course and explore its preliminary application effects among undergraduate nursing students. Methods The knowledge graph was developed through ontology construction，knowledge extraction，knowledge fusion，knowledge storage and visualization. From September 2024 to January 2025，it was initially applied to the Internal Medicine Nursing course for 83 third-year undergraduate nursing students. Post-implementation，students’ autonomous participation rates，knowledge point completion rates，and mastery rates were evaluated. Using an 80% knowledge point completion rate as the threshold，students were divided into high-completion and low-completion groups. Course performance was compared between these groups，and focus group interviews were conducted to gather students’ perceptions and suggestions regarding the knowledge graphs. Results The constructed knowledge graph encompassed 1 668 knowledge points，70 integrated teaching videos，and 364 self-test questions. The autonomous participation rate，and mean values for students’ knowledge point completion rate and mastery rate were 60.24%，45.27%，and 30.34%，respectively. After matching 21 students from the low-completion group（n=62） with the high-completion group（n=21） based on prior course performance and basic characteristics，the high-completion group scored significantly higher than the 21 students from the low-completion group in Internal Medicine Nursing[（77.35±8.94） vs. （70.08±12.22） points，t=2.201，P=0.034]. Interviews with 23 students（11 high-completion and 12 low-completion） revealed three themes：benefits gained from participation，factors hindering participation，and urgent improvements needed for the knowledge graph and its platform. Conclusion The knowledge graph of Internal Medicine Nursing course can improve students’ learning effect to a certain extent，but it still needs to be further optimized and improved based on artificial intelligence and other technologies to develop a precise learning model grounded in course knowledge graph.

Objective To explore the application effects of self-regulated learning（SRL） in the teaching of the Nursing and Law course. Methods Based on SRL principles，we redesigned the instructional implementation for the chapters on “Legal Systems for Nursing Practice” and “Legal Systems for Medical Disputes and Damages” in the Nursing and Law course，and developed corresponding teaching resources. The control group included 26 nursing undergraduates from the 2020 cohort，while the experimental group comprised 56 nursing undergraduates from the 2021 and 2022 cohorts. The control group received traditional teaching for the two chapters，whereas the experimental group underwent SRL-based instruction. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding SRL competence，self-efficacy scores，and course performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather students’ subjective feedback on SRL. Results The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in SRL competence and self-efficacy（both P<0.001）. No statistically significant difference was observed in course performance between the groups（W=717.000，P=0.912）. Analysis of interviews with 16 students revealed that participants developed a relatively objective understanding of SRL and reported positive learning experiences. However，they also encountered certain challenges during the SRL process. Conclusion SRL-based instruction enhances nursing undergraduates’ SRL competence and self-efficacy while deepening their understanding of SRL. However，future optimizations should incorporate students’ suggestions to refine the pedagogical approach.

Objective To explore the role of an internship management cloud platform in improving the internship experience and cultivating core competencies of midwifery undergraduates，as well as the challenges it faces. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select fourth-year midwifery students who were interning in clinical settings from July 2022 to June 2023 as the subjects. The students were randomly assigned into control and intervention groups based on their internship hospitals，with 27 students in the control group and 29 students in the intervention group. The control group followed the conventional internship management，while the intervention group utilized a cloud platform for management during their clinical internship，with a total duration of 44 weeks. After the intervention，the Undergraduate Nursing Student Academic Satisfaction Scale and the Self-assessment Questionnaire for Core Competencies of Midwifery Graduates were evaluated，and the experimental group was organized to conduct interviews on their experience of using the cloud platform. Results The internship model based on the cloud platform could enhance the core competencies and internship satisfaction of midwifery students（P<0.05）. The experimental group believed that the cloud platform was convenient and fast to use，and could quantify growth through recording and reflecting on internship achievements，and strengthened self-discipline under the supervision of the platform. However，in the initial stage，it took time to adapt，and additional communication costs might arise during use，as well as being constrained by real-life conditions such as the internet. Conclusion Compared with the traditional internship models，using the cloud platform for internships can help students improve their abilities and increase satisfaction. The application of the internship management cloud platform brings advantages but also brings new challenges.

Objective Based on the health education of patients with chronic kidney diseases（CKD） complicated with hypertension，this study explores the effects of clinical teaching based on Taylor’s Principles in improving the health education ability of nursing interns. Methods Nursing students who interned in the Nephrology Department of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1，2023 to October 30，2024 were recruited. Three students who started their internships in the department simultaneously were grouped into cohorts，which were randomly assigned to either the control group（n=27） or the experimental group （n=27）. For CKD combined with hypertension health education，the control group received conventional clinical teaching，while the experimental group participated in Tyler’s Principles-based clinical teaching. Outcomes，namely theoretical examination scores，quality scores of CKD combined with hypertension health education case reports，health education ability ratings，and patient evaluations of health education delivery were observed. Results The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher theoretical examination scores，CKD combined with hypertension health education case quality scores，and the health education ability scores than those of the control group（all P<0.001）. Compared with the control group，CKD combined with hypertension patients had a better evaluation of health education in the experimental group（P<0.001）. Conclusion Clinical teaching based on Taylor’s Principles can effectively improve the health education ability of nursing interns for CKD combined with hypertension，and can be used for cultivating the health education ability of nursing interns.

Objective To investigate the application effect of Miller’s Pyramid Model combined with Standard Operating Procedures（SOP） in clinical teaching for undergraduate nursing interns in the operating room. Methods By using convenience sampling，undergraduate nursing interns（n=62） who were on a two-week internship in the operating room of a Grade A，Class Ⅲ Hospital in Urumqi，Xinjiang between February 2024 and December 2024 were enrolled. Participants were divided into an experimental group（n=31，internship started in odd-numbered months） and a control group（n=31，internship started in even-numbered months）. The experimental group received clinical teaching integrating Miller’s Pyramid Model and SOP，while the control group underwent traditional clinical teaching. Pre-discharge theoretical and practical assessment scores，and satisfaction with clinical teaching were compared between the two groups. The experimental group’s evaluation of simulation teaching quality was assessed. Results The experimental group achieved significantly higher scores in theoretical and practical assessments（P<0.05） and reported greater satisfaction with classroom teaching，clinical practice，learning plans，and overall clinical teaching compared to the control group（P<0.05）. The experimental group’s evaluations of simulation teaching quality scored above 4 points（on a 5-point scale） across all three major domains and 11 sub-dimensions. Conclusion The integration of Miller’s Pyramid Model and SOP in clinical teaching for operating room undergraduate nursing interns enhances their theoretical knowledge and practical skills，and improves satisfaction with clinical internships. This approach demonstrates significant clinical application value and merits broader promotion.

Objective To explore the application effect of interprofessional delirium management training in ICU healthcare workers. Methods Interprofessional delirium training was implemented from August 2024 to October 2024 for 48 nurses and 16 doctors in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in Henan Province，which included theoretical lectures and interprofessional simulation training. The delirium knowledge scores of the medical staff before training （T0）， at the end of training（T1）， and two months after training（T2） were compared. Meanwhile， the views and suggestions of the nurses and doctors on the training were understood through focus group interviews. Results The delirium knowledge scores increased immediately after training （T1） and two months after training （T2） compared to pre-training（T0）， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The delirium knowledge score of medical staff at T2 was slightly lower than that at T1（P<0.05）. Focus group interviews revealed that healthcare professionals recognized the training highly but still needed optimization；the training brought gains and changes in delirium cognition and behavior for healthcare professionals；and barriers to translating delirium knowledge to practice still existed. Conclusion The interprofessional delirium training was positively evaluated and was able to improve ICU healthcare professionals’ knowledge of delirium and deepen clinical practice in healthcare delirium management.

Objective To explore the current status of transition shock among newly recruited nurses and its influencing factors，and to analyze the pathways of these factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling. A total of 263 newly recruited nurses from five tertiary general hospitals in Hangzhou were selected as the research subjects. The Transition Shock Scale for New Nurses，the Nurse Work Environment Perception Scale，and the Intrinsic Motivation Scale were used for questionnaire surveys. Pearson correlation analysis，multiple linear regression analysis，and structural equation modeling were used to explore the influencing factors of transition shock among newly recruited nurses and their pathways. Results The total score of transition shock of newly recruited nurses was （80.08 ± 19.89） points，which was at a relatively high level. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that work environment perception and intrinsic motivation were the main factors influencing the transition shock of newly recruited nurses（P<0.05）. The structural equation modeling analysis indicated that work environment perception could directly reduce the transition shock of newly recruited nurses （β=-0.15，P<0.001），and indirectly affect the transition shock by enhancing intrinsic motivation（β=-0.24，P<0.001），with the mediating effect accounting for 61.5% of the total effect. Conclusion The transition shock of newly recruited nurses is influenced by multiple factors，among which work environment perception and intrinsic motivation play a key role in their adaptation process. Nursing managers should optimize the nursing environment，enhance teamwork，provide career development support. Meanwhile，incentive measures to enhance the intrinsic motivation of newly recruited nurses are needed to promote their professional adaptation，reduce transition shock，and improve the stability of the nursing team and the quality of nursing care.

Objective To understand the status quo of work procrastination behavior of junior nurses and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 294 junior nurses from five hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected by convenience sampling method. The online questionnaire survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire，Work Procrastination Behavior Scale，Time Management Disposition Scale，and Person-Organization Matching scale. Results The scores of Work Procrastination Scale，Time Management Disposition Scale and Person-Organization Fit Scale of junior nurses were （27.15±7.45），（56.84±9.56） and （32.50±5.61） respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the highest education level was a positive influencing factor of work procrastination behavior among junior nurses（β=0.243），while time management disposition and personal-organization fit were negative influencing factors（β=-0.359，-0.307）. Conclusion The work procrastination behavior of junior nurses is at a moderate level. It is recommended that nursing managers pay more attention to the personalized career development path of junior nurses，strengthen time management training，and pay attention to the matching of personal and organizational needs，so as to effectively improve the work efficiency of junior nurses.

Objective To explore the relationship between positive emotions，values，work achievement，and work engagement of junior nurses，and provide reference for formulating intervention strategies to enhance their work engagement. Methods From October 2023 to December 2023，a survey was conducted on 467 junior nurses from four tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region using the general information survey form，the Positive Emotion Scale，the Core Professional Nursing Values Scale，the Work Achievement Scale，and the Work Engagement Scale. Results The positive emotions，values，work achievement，and work engagement scores of junior nurses were（34.94±6.54），（177.57±29.52），（84.96±17.81），and （64.41±17.11） points，respectively. The results of the mediation effect analysis showed that positive emotions had a significant direct effect on work engagement，with an effect value of 0.516. The values and work achievement respectively played a mediating role between positive emotions and job engagement，and the two exhibited a chain like mediating effect，with the mediating effect accounting for 28.93% of the total effect. Conclusion There is a chain mediated effect between the core professional nursing values scale and work achievement on the positive emotions and work engagement of junior nurses. Nursing managers should pay attention to cultivating positive emotions and values among junior nurses，enhancing their work achievement，and ultimately promoting their work engagement.

Objective To clarify the concept of impostor phenomenon among nursing professionals and to assist them in internalizing their accomplishments and realizing their full potential. Methods Systematic search was conducted in PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL，PsycINFO，Proquest，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP Database and SinoMed for relevant literature on impostor phenomenon，and the Rodgers’ evolutionary concept was adopted for analysis. Results A total of 32 articles were included，and the concept of impostor phenomenon were identified as three attributes： inability to internalize successes and discount achievement，a sense of fear，and feelings of intellectual fraudulence and self-doubt. The antecedents included individual factors，interpersonal factors and environmental factors. Conclusion Impostor phenomenon is a psychological phenomenon that affects mental health and career development. The impostor phenomenon of nursing professionals should be identified as early as possible，so that targeted intervention can be carried out for them to promote their mental health and lay the foundation for improving the quality of medical care.

Objective To develop a behavioral adherence scale for prevention of lymphedema in breast cancer patients and test its reliability and validity. Method A preliminary item pool was constructed through literature review，semi-structured interviews，etc. The initial scale was formed by expert consultation，and a pre-survey was used to pre-test and adjust the entries. From May 2023 to July 2023，372 breast cancer survivors were conveniently selected for investigation，and item analysis，reliability and validity test were conducted. From August 2023 to October 2023，366 breast cancer survivors were selected for confirmatory factor analysis to further test the factor structure of the questionnaire. Results The final version of the scale for measuring the compliance of lymphedema prevention behaviors in breast cancer patients during the rehabilitation period includes five dimensions：limb protection，skin care，appropriate functional exercise，self-detection and symptom recognition，and a healthy lifestyle，with a total of 30 items. The cumulative variance contribution rate of exploratory factor analysis was 73.472%. The content validity index of the scale ranged from 0.825 to 1.000. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.901，and the 2-week test-retest reliability was 0.818. Conclusion The scale for measuring the compliance of lymphedema prevention behaviors in breast cancer patients during the rehabilitation period has good reliability and validity，and can be used as an effective tool for evaluating the behavior compliance of lymphedema prevention in breast cancer survivors.

Objective To develop and evaluate evidence-based health science popularization works on postoperative dietary management for liver cancer patients. Methods A science popularization research team was established to determine the content framework of dietary management science popularization for postoperative liver cancer patients through semi-structured interviews，evidence summary，and expert consultation. Based on this，science popularization works were designed and produced，and 11 representatives（chief physician of hepatobiliary surgery，chief nurse of hepatobiliary surgery，clinical nutritionist，science popularization editor，patient and family caregiver） were selected to conduct external evaluation of the quality of science popularization works. Results The health science popularization works on postoperative dietary management for liver cancer patients included six themes：dietary principles，target nutrition，timing of eating，evaluation of eating conditions，eating management，and health education. The external evaluation score for the final science popularization manual was 89~93，and the score for the science popularization animation video was 94~100. Finally，a science popularization manual and a science popularization animated video were developed，and the science popularization animated video won national and provincial awards for excellent science popularization works. Conclusion The scientific development method and content of health science popularization works on postoperative dietary management for liver cancer patients have been recognized by patients and medical staff.

Objective To systematically review the influencing factors of rehabilitation treatment compliance in patients with pelvic floor dysfunction（PFD）. Methods A computerized search was conducted across databases including CNKI，WanFang，Sinomed，VIP，PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，and the Cochrane Library to retrieve literature on factors influencing rehabilitation treatment adherence in PFD patients from database inception to February 17，2025. After independent literature screening，data extraction，and methodological quality assessment by two researchers，a meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0 software. Results A total of 22 studies involving 5 691 patients were included. Meta-analysis results indicated that low educational level，poor cognitive awareness，lack of family supervision/support，absence of healthcare provider guidance，postpartum depression，sleep disorders，and postpartum complications were risk factors for poor rehabilitation adherence in PFD patients. Conversely，parity≥2 and perceived exercise efficacy emerged as protective factors（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Rehabilitation treatment adherence in PFD patients is influenced by multiple factors. Healthcare professionals should develop evidence-based，targeted intervention strategies tailored to these factors to improve adherence，enhance rehabilitation outcomes，and promote functional recovery in PFD patients.