护理领域安宁疗护教育现状、问题及对策研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.06.001

中华护理教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 645-650.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.06.001

• 专题策划——安宁疗护教育与人才培养 • 下一篇

护理领域安宁疗护教育现状、问题及对策研究

卢海霞¹(), 李惠玲²^,^*(), 姚懿², 陈华³, 岳鹏⁴, 吴燕铭², 孙宏玉³, 谌永毅⁵

¹ 贵州医科大学护理学院贵阳市 550001
² 苏州大学苏州医学院护理学院/苏州市老年智慧康养与护理重点实验室苏州市 215006
³ 北京大学护理学院北京市 100191
⁴ 首都医科大学护理学院北京市 100069
⁵ 湖南省肿瘤医院护理部长沙市 410013

收稿日期:2025-12-25 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-18
通讯作者: *李惠玲，E-mail：lhl8543@126.com
作者简介:卢海霞：女，硕士（博士在读），副教授，E-mail：2335995415@qq.com
李惠玲：教授，主任护师，博士生导师，苏州大学苏州医学院学术委员会委员；教育部高等学校护理学类专业教学指导委员会委员，中华护理学会高等护理教育专业委员会副主任委员，中国生命关怀协会常务理事，人文护理专业委员会主任委员、理论学组组长，中国老年学和老年医学学会护理与照护分会副主任委员、讲师团团长，健康中国研究中心护理实践操作技能水平评价项目专家委员会常务委员。
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
卢海霞负责问卷设计、数据收集、数据整理与论文撰写；李惠玲负责整体构思、问卷设计、论文修改；姚懿负责数据整理；陈华负责设计指导；岳鹏负责数据收集；吴燕铭负责数据整理；孙宏玉负责设计指导；谌永毅负责数据收集。
基金资助:
苏州市老年智慧护理与康养重点实验室(SZS2024009,苏州大学,苏州医学院护理学院)

Current status，problems and strategies of palliative care education in the nursing field in China

LU Haixia¹(), LI Huiling²^,^*(), YAO Yi², CHEN Hua³, YUE Peng⁴, WU Yanming², SUN Hongyu³, CHEN Yongyi⁵

¹ School of Nursing， Guizhou Medical University， Guiyang 550001， China
² School of Nursing， Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Suzhou Key Laboratory of Geriatric Intelligent Nursing and Health Preservation， Suzhou 215006， China
³ School of Nursing， Peking University， Beijing 100191， China
⁴ School of Nursing， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100069， China
⁵ Department of Nursing， Hunan Cancer Hospital， Changsha 410013， China

Received:2025-12-25 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-18
Contact: *LI Huiling，E-mail：lhl8543@126.com
Supported by:
Suzhou Key Laboratory of Geriatric Intelligent Nursing and Health Preservation(SZS2024009, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解全国护理领域安宁疗护教育现状，分析存在问题并提出对策。方法于2025年12月采用便利抽样法，对全国开设护理相关专业的院校开展问卷调查，并纳入2所承担安宁疗护教学任务的医疗机构作为补充样本。结果共回收60所院校及医疗机构数据，覆盖25个省（自治区、直辖市）。多数单位已开展安宁疗护相关课程，覆盖专科、本科及研究生层次，并在教材与课程资源建设、专科护士培养等方面进行了探索；但仍存在专业设置不足、课程标准不统一、优质资源共享不足及区域发展不均衡等问题。结论我国护理领域安宁疗护教育已在不同培养层次中开展，但仍需进一步规范和完善。建议加强顶层设计，推进课程与教材建设，促进优质资源共建共享，深化医教协同，提升人才培养质量。

关键词: 安宁疗护, 护理教育, 人才培养, 现状调查, 对策

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of palliative care education in the field of nursing in China，analyze existing problems，and propose corresponding strategies. Methods Using a purposive sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted in December 2025 among nursing colleges nationwide, with two medical institutions responsible for palliative care teaching included as supplementary samples. Results Data were collected from 60 institutions across 25 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government）. Most surveyed units had implemented palliative care courses covering vocational，undergraduate，and postgraduate levels. Exploration had been conducted in areas such as textbook and curriculum resource development，as well as the training of specialty nurses. However，challenges remained，including insufficient professional program settings，inconsistent curriculum standards，inadequate sharing of high-quality resources，and unbalanced regional development. Conclusion Palliative care education in China’s nursing field has been implemented across multiple educational levels but requires further standardization and improvement. It is recommended to strengthen top-level planning，advance the development of curricula and textbooks，promote the co-construction and sharing of high-quality resources，and deepen the integration of medical education and clinical practice to enhance the quality of talent cultivation.

Key words: Palliative Care, Nursing Education, Talent Training, Status Survey, Strategies

卢海霞, 李惠玲, 姚懿, 陈华, 岳鹏, 吴燕铭, 孙宏玉, 谌永毅. 护理领域安宁疗护教育现状、问题及对策研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2026, 23(6): 645-650.

LU Haixia, LI Huiling, YAO Yi, CHEN Hua, YUE Peng, WU Yanming, SUN Hongyu, CHEN Yongyi. Current status，problems and strategies of palliative care education in the nursing field in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2026, 23(6): 645-650.

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护理领域安宁疗护教育现状、问题及对策研究

Current status，problems and strategies of palliative care education in the nursing field in China

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