绝经女性肌少症患者护理干预方案的构建及应用效果评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.12.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建绝经女性肌少症护理干预方案并分析其应用效果，为延缓绝经女性肌少症发展提供参考。方法通过文献回顾、专家小组会议及预试验，在信息-动机-行为技巧模型指导下构建绝经女性肌少症患者护理干预方案。选取2023年12月—2024年12月郑州市某三级甲等医院内分泌科的绝经女性肌少症患者为研究对象，根据病区分为试验组（n=38）和对照组（n=37），试验组实施绝经女性肌少症护理干预方案，对照组采用常规护理，比较两组干预前、干预3个月后疾病认知状况、肌少症相关身体指标、营养状况和体力活动水平。结果干预后，试验组疾病认知得分、四肢骨骼肌量指数、小腿围、握力、营养状况、体力活动水平均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论本研究构建的绝经女性肌少症护理干预方案科学、可靠、实用，紧密围绕信息、动机、行为技巧三维度展开，有助于提高绝经女性肌少症患者的疾病认知状况，改善患者的肌肉量、握力、小腿围和营养状况，提高患者的体力活动水平，为医护人员减少绝经女性肌少症的不良结局提供参考。

关键词: 护理, 绝经女性, 肌少症, 干预

Abstract:

Objective To construct a nursing intervention program for postmenopausal women with sarcopenia and analyze its application effect，so as to provide reference for delaying the progression of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women. Methods Guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills（IMB） model，the nursing intervention program for postmenopausal women with sarcopenia was developed through literature review，expert panel meetings，and a pilot test. From December 2023 to December 2024，postmenopausal women with sarcopenia diagnosed in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Zhengzhou City were selected as participants and were divided into an experimental group（n=38） and a control group（n=37） based on their ward allocation. The intervention group received the newly developed nursing intervention program，while the control group received routine care. The diseases cognitive status，physical indicators related to sarcopenia，nutritional status and physical activity levels were compared between the two groups before and three months after the intervention. Results After the intervention，the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements compared to the control group in disease cognition scores，appendicular skeletal muscle mass index，calf circumference，handgrip strength，nutritional status，and physical activity levels（P<0.05）. Conclusion The nursing intervention program for postmenopausal women with sarcopenia developed in this study is scientific，reliable and practical，which can improve the disease cognition，muscle mass，grip strength，calf circumference and nutritional status of postmenopausal women with sarcopenia，significantly improve the physical activity level of patients. This program provides a valuable reference for healthcare professionals in delaying adverse outcomes associated with sarcopenia in this patient population.

Key words: Nursing, Postmenopausal Women, Sarcopenia, Intervention

程蔓, 周一帆, 张勇勤, 江英婵, 张琦, 张世远, 张亚琴. 绝经女性肌少症患者护理干预方案的构建及应用效果评价[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(12): 1512-1519.

CHENG Man, ZHOU Yifan, ZHANG Yongqin, JIANG Yingchan, ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Shiyuan, ZHANG Yaqin. Construction and application of a nursing intervention program for postmenopausal women with sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(12): 1512-1519.

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