护士在社区和居家安宁疗护中胜任力及服务质量的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.05.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的系统梳理护士在社区和居家安宁疗护中的胜任力及其与服务质量的关系，为未来研究提供参考。方法按照范围综述实施的方法，系统检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库，识别并提炼护士在社区和居家安宁疗护的胜任力，遵循范围综述报告规范清单声明进行报告，检索时限为建库至2024年1月30日。结果最终纳入12篇文献，形成了知识、实践技能、专业能力、职业素养、个人特质5个类别、17项护士在社区居家安宁疗护实践中所需的胜任力，通过直接和间接两种途径影响服务质量。结论系统审查发现，胜任力研究聚焦于专业能力，实践技能侧重疼痛管理和照护计划，但知识、职业素养和个人特质研究不足。护士胜任力是保障服务质量的关键，未来应加强培养以优化服务。

关键词: 护士, 社区保健, 临终关怀和姑息治疗护理, 专业能力, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective To review the competence of nurses in community and home palliative care and their relationship with service quality systematically，providing reference for future research. Methods Synthesizing the methodology for implementation in accordance with the scope，a systematic searching of databases was undertaken firstly to identify and refine the competence of nurses in community and home hospice care including PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，China Knowledge Network，Wanfang，VIP Database and China Biomedical Literature Database. The literature qualified following the PRISMA-ScR statement，and the time limit was set from the date of databases’ establishment to January 30，2024. Results A total of 12 articles were ultimately included，leading to the identification of 17 competencies required for nurses in community and home-based palliative care practice，categorized into five domains：knowledge，practical skills，professional abilities，professional ethics，and personal traits. These competencies influenced the quality through both direct and indirect pathways. Conclusion The scoping review points out that competency research focuses on professional competence，while practical skills focus on pain management and care planning，though there is insufficient research on knowledge，professional ethics，and personal traits. Nurse competence is the key to ensuring service quality，and in the future，training should be strengthened to optimize services.

Key words: Nurses, Community Health, Hospice and palliative care, Professional competency, Scoping review

钱芳, 毕东军, 施欢欢, 姚丹阳, 陈巧. 护士在社区和居家安宁疗护中胜任力及服务质量的范围综述[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(5): 636-641.

QIAN Fang, BI Dongjun, SHI Huanhuan, YAO Danyang, CHEN Qiao. Nurses’ competence and service quality in community and home-based palliative care：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(5): 636-641.

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