澳门护理本科生伦理决策能力现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.10.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析澳门地区护理本科生伦理决策能力现状，并探讨其影响因素。方法采用横断面研究设计。应用定额抽样法，于2025年12月—2026年2月，选取澳门地区2所高等院校二年级至四年级全日制护理本科生113名作为研究对象，采用自制的一般资料调查表及经本地化调适的伦理决策能力评估问卷对其进行调查。结果回收有效问卷103份。103名护理本科生伦理决策能力总得分为（117.96±8.08）分，最大可能百分比（Percentage of Maximum Possible，POMP）为80.3%；各维度按维度得分POMP从高到低依次为伦理行为（84.4%）、伦理意图（83.3%）、伦理判断（79.2%）、伦理感知（75.0%）。多重线性回归分析结果显示，语言能力水平、跨文化经历频次及文化背景多样性水平对护理本科生伦理决策能力得分有正向影响（P<0.05），共解释其伦理决策能力水平31.0%的变异度。结论澳门护理本科生伦理决策能力处于良好水平，但其伦理判断与感知力相对较弱；跨文化相关因素是其伦理决策能力的重要影响因素。建议学校及临床教学基地构建融入多元文化情境与语言沟通训练的差异化伦理教育体系，重点加强对护理本科生伦理感知与判断力的培养。

关键词: 学生, 护理, 伦理学, 护理, 决策, 跨文化护理, 澳门

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of ethical decision-making ability among undergraduate nursing students in Macao and explore its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. From December 2025 to February 2026，113 fulltime undergraduate nursing students（years 2 to 4） at two higher education institutions in Macao were selected as the participants using quota sampling. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted using a self-made general information questionnaire and the locally adapted Ethical Decision-making Ability Scale. Results A total of 103 valid questionnaires were recovered. The total score of ethical decision-making competency among 103 nursing undergraduates was（117.96±8.08），with a Percentage of Maximum Possible（POMP） score of 80.3%. Each dimension was ranked in descending order of POMP value：ethical behavior（84.4%），ethical intention（83.3%），ethical judgment（79.2%），ethical sensitivity（75.0%）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that language ability，frequency of cross-cultural experience，and cultural-background diversity were positively associated with ethical decision-making ability（all P<0.05），jointly explaining 31.0% of the variance. Conclusion The ethical decision-making ability among undergraduate nursing students in Macao is at a relatively high level；however，ethical judgment and sensitivity are comparatively weaker. Cross-cultural factors are important correlates of ethical decision-making ability. It is recommended that schools and clinical teaching bases construct a differentiated ethical education system that integrates multicultural contexts and language communication training，with a focus on strengthening the cultivation of ethical sensitivity and judgment dimensions.

Key words: Students, Nursing, Ethics, Nursing, Decision Making, Transcultural Nursing, Macao

汪思远, 罗志民. 澳门护理本科生伦理决策能力现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2026, 23(10): 1248-1253.

WANG Siyuan, LUO Zhimin. Current status and influencing factors of ethical decision-making ability among undergraduate nursing students in Macao[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2026, 23(10): 1248-1253.

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