ISSN 2097-6054（网络） ISSN 1672-9234（印刷） CN 11-5289/R
主管：中国科学技术协会　主办：中华护理学会
出版：中华护理杂志社
收录：中国科学引文数据库（CSCD）来源期刊
　　　中国期刊全文数据库
　　　中国核心期刊（遴选）数据库
　　　Scopus
中华护理教育

中华护理教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 876-882.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.07.017

• 健康教育与健康促进 • 上一篇    下一篇

孕妇口腔健康素养现状及影响因素分析

张旺1(), 徐翠荣2,*(), 魏素花3, 蔡雪2, 戴丽1, 余睿聪4, 郭世梁5, 刘亚华1, 张维1   

  1. 1 南京大学医学院附属口腔医院护理部 南京市 210008
    2 东南大学附属中大医院护理部 南京市 210009
    3 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院妇产科 南京市 210008
    4 东南大学医学院 南京市 210009
    5 南京大学医学院附属口腔医院牙体牙髓病科 南京市 210008
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-04 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-17
  • 通讯作者: *徐翠荣，E-mail：xucuirong67@126.com
  • 作者简介:张旺：女，硕士，护师，E-mail：3077921621@qq.com
    第一联系人：

    研究构思与设计为张旺、徐翠荣、魏素花、蔡雪；数据收集与处理为张旺、余睿聪、郭世梁、刘亚华、张维；论文撰写为张旺；英文修订为余睿聪、郭世梁；论文修改和审校为徐翠荣、蔡雪、戴丽。

  • 基金资助:
    南京大学医学院附属口腔医院“3456”人才项目(0222N409)

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of oral health literacy in pregnant women

ZHANG Wang1(), XU Cuirong2,*(), WEI Suhua3, CAI Xue2, DAI Li1, YU Ruicong4, GUO Shiliang5, LIU Yahua1, ZHANG Wei1   

  1. 1 Nursing Department， Affiliated Stomatological Hospital，Medical School of Nanjing University， Nanjing 210008， China
    2 Nursing Department， Zhongda Hospital Southeast University， Nanjing 210009， China
    3 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology， Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital，Medical School of Nanjing University， Nanjing 210008， China
    4 Southeast University School of Medicine， Nanjing 210009， China
    5 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics， Affiliated Stomatological Hospital，Medical School of Nanjing University， Nanjing 210008， China
  • Received:2026-03-04 Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-07-17
  • Contact: *XU Cuirong, E-mail: xucuirong67@126.com
  • Supported by:
    “3456”Talent Project，Affiliated Stomatological Hospital，Medical School of Nanjing University(0222N409)

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摘要：

目的 调查孕妇口腔健康素养现状，分析其影响因素。方法 采用横断面研究设计。2025年10月—11月便利选取于江苏省某三级甲等医院的32所医联体医院就诊的279名孕妇作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、口腔健康素养量表、口腔健康影响程度量表、口腔保健自我效能量表及领悟社会支持量表对其进行调查。结果 孕妇口腔健康素养总得分为（47.77±11.29）分，在“接受能力”维度上的条目均分最低[（3.17±1.01）分]。多重线性回归分析结果显示，每次刷牙时长（β=0.097，P=0.046）、口腔保健自我效能总得分（β=0.553，P<0.001）及领悟社会支持总得分（β=0.179，P=0.002）是孕妇口腔健康素养的独立影响因素，共解释其口腔健康素养水平34.1%的变异度。结论 孕妇口腔健康素养整体处于中等水平，但在维度上发展不均衡，且受多种因素影响。未来有必要从行为引导、效能强化及支持性环境营造三方面对孕妇展开协同干预，以提升其口腔健康素养水平，保障母婴健康。

关键词: 孕妇, 口腔健康, 健康素养, 影响因素, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of oral health literacy among pregnant women，analyze its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. From October to November 2025，a total of 279 pregnant women receiving medical treatment in 32 medical alliance hospitals affiliated with a tertiary Grade A hospital in Jiangsu Province were enrolled by convenience sampling. The General Information Questionnaire，Oral Health Literacy Scale，Oral Health Impact Degree Scale，Oral Health Care Self-efficacy Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale were used for the investigation. Results The total score of oral health literacy among pregnant women was（47.77±11.29） points，and the mean item score of the “acceptance ability” dimension was the lowest（3.17±1.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that brushing time per session（β=0.097，P=0.046），oral health self-efficacy（β=0.553，P<0.001） and perceived social support（β=0.179，P=0.002） were independent influencing factors of oral health literacy in pregnant women，which jointly explained 34.1% of the total variance. Conclusion The overall oral health literacy of pregnant women is moderate with uneven dimensional development and is affected by multiple factors. It is necessary to implement collaborative interventions targeting pregnant women from three aspects：behavioral guidance，self-efficacy enhancement and supportive environment building so as to improve their oral health status and ensure maternal and child health.

Key words: Pregnant Women, Oral Health, Health Literacy, Influencing Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies