角色榜样在护理专业学生人文关怀能力培养中的研究进展

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.10.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

护理人文关怀能力是护士的核心职业素养，系统培育人文关怀能力是护理教育的重要课题。角色榜样是指通过可观察的示范行为向学习者传递专业态度与价值观的教育性过程。该文系统梳理角色榜样在护理专业学生人文关怀教育中的研究进展，归纳干预应用的理论依据与作用机制，梳理其应用方式、过程及成效，总结榜样示范质量的量化评价工具，分析研究局限并提出未来发展方向，以期为护理人文教育中角色榜样的规范化应用提供参考。

关键词: 教育, 护理, 角色榜样, 人文关怀, 护理专业学生

Abstract:

Humanistic care competence is a core professional quality for nurses，and its systematic cultivation during the educational stage is a critical issue in nursing education. Role modeling refers to the educational process of conveying professional attitudes and values to learners through observable behaviors. This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the use of role models in humanistic care education for nursing students. By summarizing the theoretical bases and mechanisms of action underlying these interventions，the review outlines their application methods，processes，and outcomes. Furthermore，it synthesizes quantitative evaluation tools for assessing the quality of role modeling，analyzes current research limitations，and proposes future development directions. Ultimately，this review aims to provide a reference for the standardized application of role modeling in nursing humanistic education.

Key words: Education, Nursing, Role Modeling, Humanistic Care, Nursing Students

董倩, 赵慧楠. 角色榜样在护理专业学生人文关怀能力培养中的研究进展[J]. 中华护理教育, 2026, 23(10): 1267-1271.

DONG Qian, ZHAO Huinan. Research progress on the application of role modeling in cultivating humanistic care competence among nursing students[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2026, 23(10): 1267-1271.

参考文献 32

[1]	吴欣娟, 王钰. 让人文关怀助力护理高质量发展[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2022, 38(30):2321-2326.
	Wu XJ, Wang Y. Keep humanistic care help the development of high-quality nursing[J]. Chin J Pract Nurs, 2022, 38(30):2321-2326.
[2]	官春燕, 潘绍山, 胡德英, 等. 103所医院护理人文关怀开展现况的调查研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(21):82-86.
	Guan CY, Pan SS, Hu DY, et al. Survey on the current status of nursing humanistic care in 103 hospitals[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2023, 38(21):82-86.
[3]	任彦宏, 刘义兰, 董翠, 等. 医疗护理员人文关怀知信行现状及影响因素分析[J]. 护理学杂志, 2025, 40(20):90-93.
	Ren YH, Liu YL, Dong C, et al. Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of humanistic care knowledge,attitude,and practice among nursing assistants[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2025, 40(20):90-93.
[4]	Chawla N, Singhal A, Shaw SC. Role modeling:a powerful tool to imbibe professionalism in medical practice[J]. J Mar Med Soc, 2022, 24(1):1-3. doi: 10.4103/jmms.jmms_28_22
[5]	Bussard ME, Lawrence N. Role modeling to teach communica-tion and professionalism in prelicensure nursing students[J]. Teach Learn Nurs, 2019, 14(3):219-223. doi: 10.1016/j.teln.2019.04.005
[6]	Merton RK, Reader GG, Kendall PL. The student-physician:in-troductory studies in the sociology of medical education[M]. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1957.
[7]	Beth Perry RN. Role modeling excellence in clinical nursing practice[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2009, 9(1):36-44. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2008.05.001 pmid: 18590978
[8]	邵鸯凤, 陈雪萍, 洪佳静, 等. 榜样教育在本科护生职业素养培育中的应用[J]. 护理学杂志, 2020, 35(7):72-74,83.
	Shao YF, Chen XP, Hong JJ, et al. Application of model educa-tion in professional quality cultivation for baccalaureate nurs-ing students[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2020, 35(7):72-74,83.
[9]	Bandura A. Social learning theory[M]. Englewood Cliffs,NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1977.
[10]	林碧英. 班杜拉的“社会学习理论”与榜样教育[J]. 福建师大福清分校学报, 1992, 10(2):73-78,104.
	Lin BY. Bandura’s social learning theory and model education[J]. J Fuqing Branch Fujian Norm Univ, 1992, 10(2):73-78, 104.
[11]	李小花, 朱红, 杨丹, 等. 角色榜样对护理专业学生职业认同影响质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 中华护理教育, 2024, 21(7):841-848.
	Li XH, Zhu H, Yang D, et al. The influence of role modeling on nursing students’ professional identity:a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2024, 21(7):841-848.
[12]	Wang YH, Liao HC. The use of social cognitive learning for humanistic professional role modelling:impacts on awareness of humanistic professionalism,caring behaviour,and transitional anxiety[J]. Ann Med, 2023, 55(1):1194-1208. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2189747
[13]	Hansen DM, Netzel J. Effective use of role-modeling videos for end-of-life education[J]. J Prof Nurs, 2024, 54:106-112. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.06.015 pmid: 39266078
[14]	周闯, 金学勤, 马晓敏. 护士人文关怀的研究进展[J]. 中国医学伦理学, 2024, 37(1):100-107.
	Zhou C, Jin XQ, Ma XM. Research progress of nurses’ huma-nistic caring[J]. Chin Med Ethics, 2024, 37(1):100-107.
[15]	Lin ML. Correlations between nursing students’ caring beha-viour,empathy,and personality traits:a cross-sectional study[J]. Scand J Caring Sci, 2025, 39(4):e70128. doi: 10.1111/scs.v39.4
[16]	Kaiafas KN. Emotional intelligence and role-modeling nursing’s soft skills[J]. J Christ Nurs, 2021, 38(4):240-243.
[17]	Cruess SR, Cruess RL, Steinert Y. Role modelling:making the most of a powerful teaching strategy[J]. BMJ, 2008, 336(7646):718-721. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39503.757847.BE
[18]	Kurt Y, Turhal E, Batmaz F. Nursing students’ processes of taking role models and being role models:a descriptive phe-nomenological study[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2024, 132:106015. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106015
[19]	Galletta M, Piras I, Canzan F, et al. Cognitive flexibility and professional identity in nursing students:the modeling role[J]. J Nurs Educ, 2024, 63(11):764-772. doi: 10.3928/01484834-20240628-01 pmid: 39510085
[20]	Hua WZ, Fang Q, Lin WD, et al. The level and influencing factors of graduating nursing students’ professional commit-ment from the perspective of Ecological Systems Theory:a cross-sectional study[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2022, 119:105567. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105567
[21]	Azadian M, Nasrabadi T, Ebadi A, et al. Role model nursing instructors and facilitation of students’ professional growth process:directed content analysis[J]. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 2024, 29(2):208-216.
[22]	Wei H, Henderson D, Peery A, et al. Nursing students’ percep-tions of faculty caring as a predictor of students’ caring behaviors[J]. Int J Hum Caring, 2021, 25(2):123-130. doi: 10.20467/HumanCaring-D-20-00034
[23]	Ayu Eka NG, Rumerung CL, Tahulending PS. Role modeling of professional behavior in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic:a mixed method study[J]. J Holist Nurs, 2024, 42(S2):S47-S58. doi: 10.1177/08980101231179300
[24]	Xue MX, Sun HP, Xue J, et al. Narrative medicine as a teach-ing strategy for nursing students to developing professiona-lism,empathy and humanistic caring ability:a randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2023, 23(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04026-5
[25]	Suliman M, Warshawski S. Nursing students’ satisfaction with clinical placements:the contribution of role modeling,episte-mic authority,and resilience-a cross-sectional study[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2022, 115:105404. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105404
[26]	Wille E, Opheim HMS, Princeton DM, et al. Building resilien-ce and competence in bachelor nursing students:a narrative review based on social cognitive theory[J]. Nurs Rep, 2025, 15(7):253. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15070253
[27]	Inocian EP, Hill MB, Felicilda-Reynaldo RFD, et al. Factors in the clinical learning environment that influence caring beha-viors of undergraduate nursing students:an integrative review[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2022, 63:103391. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103391
[28]	王莉, 柏晏杰, 高祖梅, 等. 数字故事在实习护生人文关怀能力培养中的应用研究[J]. 解放军护理杂志, 2022, 39(4):81-84.
	Wang L, Bai YJ, Gao ZM, et al. Application of digital story-telling in the humanistic care ability cultivation of nursing interns[J]. Nurs J Chin PLA, 2022, 39(4):81-84.
[29]	宋子贺, 王振飞, 陈梓瑜, 等. 同伴互助学习对护理本科生人文关怀能力的影响[J]. 中国高等医学教育, 2022(7):106-107.
	Song ZH, Wang ZF, Chen ZY, et al. Influence of peer-to-peer learning on humanistic care ability of nursing undergraduates[J]. China High Med Educ, 2022(7):106-107.
[30]	Xiao MX, Xiong Q, Jiang R, et al. The effect of different teaching models on improving nursing humanistic care com-petencies:a network meta-analysis[J]. Front Genet, 2025, 16:1602615. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2025.1602615
[31]	Azadian M, Nasrabadi T, Ebadi A, et al. Translation and psy-chometric evaluation of the Persian version of the role model apperception tool(RoMAT) in undergraduate nursing students[J]. J Med Ethics Hist Med, 2022, 15:5.
[32]	Dodson TM. Use of expert modeling videos in undergraduate nursing education:a systematic review[J]. J Nurs Educ, 2023, 62(2):89-96. doi: 10.3928/01484834-20221213-04 pmid: 36779900