Table of Content

15 February 2025, Volume 22 Issue 2 Previous Issue   

New Nures Training

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Application of loose-leaf textbooks in the training of newly recruited nurses CHEN Yun, YANG Yang, GU Haiyan, FAN Benfang, CUI Baihong, WANG Lihua 2025, 22 (2):  133-139.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.001 Abstract ( 310 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1535KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of loose-leaf textbooks in the training of newly recruited nurses. Methods Loose-leaf textbooks were compiled based on common symptoms and signs. A convenience sampling method was used to select 50 newly recruited nurses who joined a tertiary hospital in 2021 as the control group. They received conventional new nurse training. Fifty-eight newly recruited nurses who joined the same hospital in 2022 were assigned to the experimental group and received training based on loose-leaf textbooks in addition to the conventional new nurse training. The scores on the Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory-Chinese version（CTDI-CV） before and 12 months after clinical teaching training，the scores on the Objective Structured Clinical Examination（OSCE） 12 months after clinical teaching training，the scores on clinical practice ability assessments at baseline and at 3，6，and 12 months after clinical teaching training，and training satisfaction 12 months after clinical teaching training were compared between the two groups. Results Twelve months after clinical teaching training，the experimental group scored higher than the control group on the CTDI-CV，OSCE，and training satisfaction（P<0.05）. There was an interaction effect between group and time on the scores of clinical practice ability assessments at baseline and at 3，6，and 12 months after clinical teaching training（Finteraction=6.804，P<0.001），the scores of the experimental group after 6 and 12 months of training were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion The application of loose-leaf textbooks in the training of newly recruited nurses can effectively improve their critical thinking skills，clinical practice abilities，and training satisfaction.

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Application of peer mentoring programs in the training of newly recruited nurses GUO Jinjin, LIU Miao 2025, 22 (2):  140-145.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.002 Abstract ( 177 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (966KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of a peer mentoring program in the training of newly recruited nurses. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select participants. The control group consisted of 62 newly recruited nurses who started work in September 2022 and received traditional clinical nursing skills training. The experimental group included 80 newly recruited nurses in September 2023，who underwent clinical nursing skills training according to the peer mentoring program. Upon completion of the training，both groups were assessed for their comprehensive bedside competence，and a survey was conducted among the experimental group to investigate their acceptance of the peer mentoring program in clinical nursing skills training. Results The experimental group showed 100% acceptance rate of the peer mentoring program in clinical nursing skills training for newly recruited nurses enhancing learning initiative and interest，team collaboration and communication skills，and humanistic care abilities;improving self-directed learning，problem-solving abilities，confidence，and anxiety reduction; integrating theoretical learning with clinical practice;promoting skill application and standardization. After the intervention，the experimental group performed better than the control group in overall score of comprehensive bedside competence assessment and in the scores of nursing assessment，nursing planning，nursing operation，nursing evaluation，and theoretical knowledge（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the peer mentoring program in clinical nursing skills training for newly recruited nurses improves their operational skills and clinical core competencies，facilitates their role adaptation，and receives recognition from the newly recruited nurses.

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Development of a training program for newly recruited nurses in blood purification centers based on job competency ZHANG Yujiao, YUAN Jing, NING Yunfeng, WANG Weina, YING Jinping, WANG Jingyi 2025, 22 (2):  146-152.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.003 Abstract ( 177 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1427KB) ( 5 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a training program for newly recruited nurses in hemodialysis centers，providing reference for medical institutions to enhance the competence of blood purification nurses. Methods A research team was established to draft preliminary training program items and consultation questionnaires were formulated through literature analysis and semi-structured interviews. The contents of the training program for blood purification nurses were improved through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation，and the training program was finally built based on job competency. Results The expert response rate was 100% in the first round and 93% in the second round. The expert authority coefficient was 0.91. Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.255（P<0.01） and 0.227（P<0.01），respectively. The final training program included four components：training objectives，training content（comprising 3 primary items，24 secondary items，and 128 tertiary items），training hours，training methods，and assessment and evaluation. Conclusion The constructed training program in this study is scientific and its content is appropriately designed，which can provide a basis for the standardization，normalization and homogenization of professional training of new nurses in blood purification centers.

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Practice of standardized training for new nurses in stomatological hospitals WANG Lüya, LIU Fan, HUANG Shuqi, LU Zhe 2025, 22 (2):  153-157.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.004 Abstract ( 129 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (871KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Training for new nurses in stomatological hospitals，centered on job competency，can effectively enhance the professional qualities and service capabilities of these nurses，and contrib-ute to meet the diverse and multi-level health service needs of the people. West China Hospital of Stomatology，Sichuan University advances the training of new nurses through four major aspects：top-level design，training plans，training strategies，and teacher development. This enables new nurses to grow into nursing talents who are “well-versed in basic knowledge，proficient in clinical skills，strong in learning abilities，and excellent in overall qualities”. It can provide practical experience for the implementation of training programs for new nurses in specialist hospitals.

Discipline Development and Professional Construction

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Construction of a clinical practice scheme for master of nursing specialist LI Shumin, HOU Shuxiao 2025, 22 (2):  158-165.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.005 Abstract ( 122 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To construct a clinical practice scheme for master of nursing specialist. Method A preliminary draft of the clinical practice scheme for master of nursing specialist was constructed based on literature review and semi-structured interviews with 10 experts. The Delphi method was then used to conduct two rounds of consultation with 16 experts to form a revised draft. Finally，the expert consensus method，involving discussions with five experts，was used to finalize the scheme. Results The recovery rate of the two rounds of the Delphi consultation was 100%. The authority coefficient for the second-round consultation was 0.92. The mean score of project importance was 4.06~5.00，with variation coefficients between 0 and 0.22. The clinical practice scheme for master of nursing specialist constructed in this study included six first-level indicators，13 second-level indicators，and 50 third-level indicators，covering practice objectives，rotation requirements，practice content，assessment requirements，clinical teacher qualifications and access standards，and clinical practice base qualifications and conditions. Conclusion The clinical practice scheme for master’s degree nursing constructed in this study has a certain degree of reliability and can provide a useful reference for nursing colleges.

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Investigation of the current status of Nursing Ethics courses and faculty in 84 undergraduate schools in China WANG Hongjuan, SUN Mei, XU Fan, TANG Siyuan 2025, 22 (2):  165-170.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.006 Abstract ( 92 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (841KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of Nursing Ethics courses and faculty in undergraduate schools in China. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was developed based on literature review and expert consultation to assess the current status of Nursing Ethics courses and faculty for nursing undergraduates students. Using convenience sampling method，the electronic questionnaire was distributed to the course directors of Nursing Ethics at undergraduate schools across the country from July to August 2023. Results A total of 118 Nursing Ethics course leaders completed the questionnaire，with 34 excluded from analysis due to completion time less than three minutes，resulting in an effective response rate of 71%. Among the 84 undergraduate schools，76%（64/84） had Nursing Ethics as a compulsory course，while 49%（41/84） did not allocate practical hours for the Nursing Ethics course. Lecture-based teaching remained the primary teaching method or format for Nursing Ethics courses[84（100%）]. In evaluation，attendance checks combined with process evaluation and final theoretical exams were the primary assessment methods[46（55%）]. Additionally，27%（23/84） of Nursing Ethics course leaders had not received ethics training，while 98%（82/84） believed that ethics training should be provided for course instructors. Conclusion The status of nursing ethics courses has gradually risen，though there are still issues need to be improved such as “emphasizing theory over practice” in teaching，a single teaching or assessment method，and insufficient continued education related to ethics that teachers receive. In the future，active development of online teaching resources，incorporating assessment methods such as practical evaluation reports and short essays，scenario simulations and virtual patients for practical teaching，increasing training opportunities and resources for teachers，and inviting teachers with backgrounds in psychology，sociology，law，and related fields to the teaching team，can be considered to comprehensively improve the teaching quality of nursing ethics.

Curriculum, Teaching Materials, Teaching Methods

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Study on the effect of teaching practice in undergraduate Nursing Humanistic Care course under the concept of whole life cycle ZHANG Lili, ZHU Benxiang, ZHAO Qianqian, JI Yan, YUE Tong, LI Jing, CHEN Hua, SUN Yumei, DONG Chaoqun, SUN Hongyu 2025, 22 (2):  171-176.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.007 Abstract ( 105 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (945KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To analyze the application effect of Nursing Humanistic Care course constructed based on the concept of whole life cycle. Methods Using convenience sampling method，144 students from four nursing undergraduate colleges and universities were selected as the study subjects. The course online-offline blended teaching was carried out based on the nursing humanistic care online course resources. Students’ humanistic caring quality and humanistic caring ability were measured before and after the course teaching. In addition，interviews with students were conducted to explore their learning experience and suggestions for course optimization. Results The course effectively improved students’ humanistic caring quality（Z=2.850，P=0.004） and humanistic caring competence（Z=3.097，P=0.002）. Students gained a positive learning experience during course participation，had some thoughts and feelings about the comprehensive competence required by nurses in whole-life-cycle nursing. They suggested increasing the practice hours and innovating teaching mode for further improvements. Conclusion The Nursing Humanistic Care course constructed based on the concept of whole life cycle can effectively improve the quality and ability of humanistic care of nursing undergraduates，and can be further promoted and applied.

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Construction of a multi-subject evaluation indicator system for the quality of blended teaching in nursing majors LI Jianzhi, HU Li, LI Zhongyu, WAN Yanping, WU Chun, ZHAO Qionglan, ZENG Guqing, LÜ Yi, LIU Mengyi 2025, 22 (2):  177-184.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.008 Abstract ( 69 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1142KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a multi-subject evaluation index system for the quality of blended teaching in nursing majors，providing a tool for assessing the quality of such teaching. Methods The first draft of the evaluation index system was formulated through literature review and semi-structured interviews. From April to May 2024，the Delphi method was applied for two rounds of surveys with 21 experts from six provinces. After expert consultation，the multi-subject evaluation index system for the quality of blended teaching in nursing majors. Results The response rate of experts in both rounds was 100%，and the authority coefficient was 0.942. The Kendall’s coefficient of concordance for all indicators was 0.176 and 0.216，respectively（both P<0.001）. The final evaluation index system comprised of four primary indicators（student evaluation，supervisor evaluation，peer evaluation，and leadership evaluation），17 secondary indicators，and 74 tertiary indicators. Conclusion The constructed multi-agent evaluation system for the quality of blended teaching in nursing majors is scientific and reliable，serving as an effective tool for evaluating the quality of blended teaching in nursing education.

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Design and practice of coordinated education of ideological and political theory education and labor education in Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Nursing course XIA Zheyuan, YU Shuang, SHI Hui, LI Chunyan, ZHANG Huiling, WANG Xiao, WANG Xiang 2025, 22 (2):  185-192.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.009 Abstract ( 67 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1328KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To design a coordinated education program integrating ideological and political education with labor education in the Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） Clinical Nursing Course，and to explore its application effects. Methods A six-step approach was used to construct the collaborative education program，which included setting teaching goals，clarifying the integration of the professional course with ideological and political education and labor education，designing the teaching implementation，building teaching resources，and designing the teaching evaluation. This program was then applied to 106 nursing students from the 2022 intake at a university. After the course，teaching effects were evaluated through students’ course score，recognition of the teaching，and analysis of students’ reflective diaries. Results The average course score of the 106 students was 84.24±8.05. The proportions of students who “strongly approved” or “relatively approved” of the appropriateness of the breadth of ideology and labor education elements，the depth of ideology and labor education elements，their integration with teaching content，teaching methods，practical activities，and overall teaching were 89.6%，87.7%，88.7%，86.8%，94.3%，and 93.4%，respectively. Three themes were extracted from the reflective diaries：practicing knowledge and skills，enhancing ideological and political understanding，and improving labor awareness. Conclusion The application of the coordinated education program integrating ideology and politics with labor education in the TCM Clinical Nursing Course has achieved good results，with high student recognition. This study can provide a certain reference for the reform of the TCM Clinical Nursing course.

Experimental and Practical Teaching and Learning

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Design and practice of neonatal jaundice nursing simulation teaching for nursing undergraduates CUI Yahui, CUI Jing, CHAI Shiqi, LI Hong, LIU Lu, CHEN Ru’nan 2025, 22 (2):  192-197.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.010 Abstract ( 91 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (954KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the teaching design and practical effects of scenario simulation training for neonatal jaundice nursing. Methods The design of neonatal jaundice nursing simulation teaching was based on INACSL standards of best practice，which mainly included the assessment of simulation teaching needs，the construction of simulation teaching objectives，and the compilation of scenario simulation cases. The implementation plan of guided scenario simulation teaching was designed including four stages：preparation period，prebriefing period，simulation period，and debriefing period，which was applied to the teaching practice of 29 undergraduates of four-year nursing program at a university. After the course，the teaching effect was evaluated by the Simulation Design Scale and the self-designed simulation teaching evaluation questionnaire. Results The total score of Simulation Design Scale was 90.82±8.57 points，with individual dimension scores ranging from 4.46 to 4.60. The average score of items in the simulation teaching evaluation questionnaire ranged from 3.37 to 4.00. Conclusion The design of neonatal jaundice nursing scenario simulation teaching case is feasible，and the simulation teaching can help achieve the teaching objectives. The students’ evaluations of the teaching design and effectiveness were positive.

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Current situation and influencing factors of humanistic care ability among nursing interns YAO Yuanyuan, CHENG Xuehong, YANG Yajuan, ZHANG Xiumei, ZHU Duwei, REN Chunxia 2025, 22 (2):  198-203.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.011 Abstract ( 182 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (856KB) ( 9 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of humanistic care ability among clinical nursing interns in Anhui province. Methods From December 2023 to January 2024，a convenience sampling method was used to select 3 200 nursing interns from Anhui province. The general information question-naire，Organizational Caring Climate Scale，Caring Awareness Scale，and Caring Ability Scale were used to investigate. Results A total of 3 010 valid questionnaires were collected. The scores of nursing interns in terms of Organizational caring climate，caring awareness，and caring ability were（146.21±24.05） points，（67.14±13.69） points，and（183.56±37.77） points，respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that nursing professional attitudes，organizational caring climate，and caring awareness were the influencing factors of caring ability，which together explained 15.6% of the variance in caring ability（F=28.808，P<0.001）. Conclusion The caring ability of nursing interns in Anhui province is at a low level. In clinical nursing teaching，educators can use the cultivation of caring awareness as a starting point and adopt effective measures to promote the positive effect of organizational caring climate on students’ caring ability.

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Construction and evaluation of a training program for oncology nurses about end-of-life supportive care HOU Xiaoting, YU Wenhua, PANG Dong, GUO Renxiu, WANG Yun, LI Zimeng, BAI Dongli, LU Yuhan 2025, 22 (2):  204-210.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.012 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1014KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To construct a training program for oncology nurses on end-of-life supportive care，and to explore nurses’ satisfaction with and the effectiveness of the program. Methods The training program about end-of-life supportive care for cancer patients in the dying period was drafted by the research team through expert consultation. The Delphi method was employed to invite 17 experts for consultation. According to the scores and the opinions of the experts，the training content was revised to form the final draft. In February 2024，the program was applied to 31 clinical nurses，and evaluations were conducted on the training setup and content after its completion. Results Two rounds of expert consultations were conducted. The final training program consisted of six modules，15 main contents，37 specific training topics，and 31 training objectives. The response rates of both rounds were 100%; the judgment basis coefficient（Ca），familiarity coefficient（Cs） and authority coefficient（Cr） of expert consultation were 0.96，0.82，and 0.89 respectively; the variable coefficient of consultations in both rounds ranged from 0 to 0.135，and the Kendall concordance coefficients were 0.104 and 0.120（both P<0.001）. The survey of the nurses after the training program implementation showed that all the nurses were satisfied with both the setup and content of the program，and indicated that the training program could improve their knowledge and/or skills toward the care of the dying. Conclusion The training program constructed in this study is reasonable，scientific，reliable and practical，and can provide reference for developing education resources about care of the dying for clinical nurses.

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A study on the application of in situ simulation in infant severe allergic reaction resuscitation QIAN Kongjia, XU Hongzhen, CHEN Zhimin 2025, 22 (2):  211-215.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.013 Abstract ( 85 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (856KB) ( 13 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the implementation outcomes of in-situ simulation for severe allergic reactions progressing to cardiac arrest across a hospital. Methods Based on best practices in simulation teaching，an in-situ simulation implementation plan was developed for severe allergic reactions leading to cardiac arrest. From November 2022 to February 2023，unannounced in-situ simulations were conducted at a tertiary-level children’s hospital in Zhejiang Province. Safety hazards were identified and analyzed，and a questionnaires were used to evaluate the implementation outcomes. Results A total of 31 in-situ simulations were conducted across the hospital，identifying 55 safety hazards. Nurses participating in the case scenarios rated the overall implementation plan at 91 （82，96） points. Conclusion In-situ simulation can effectively identify safety hazards in clinical environments，and participants generally acknowledge the value of its methods，content，and organizational structure..

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Study on the application of role-playing reflective training in the training of wound ostomy continence specialty nurses ZHAO Yuhua, MIAO Xin, WANG Junxia, SHAO Lijiao, WU Tianrui, GE Shuyi, LI Jiaqi, MA Rui 2025, 22 (2):  216-219.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.014 Abstract ( 92 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (650KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of role-playing reflective training on reflective ability in the training of wound ostomy incontinence specialty nurses. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 30 trainees enrolled in 2023 as the control group and 27 trainees enrolled in 2024 as the experimental group. The control group received routine training，and the experimental group added role-playing reflective training on the basis of routine training，including reflective theory courses，role-playing，and writing reflective journals. After training，the clinical reflection ability of the two groups was compared. Results After training，the score of clinical reflection ability in the experimental group（93.26±3.17） was higher than that in the control group（88.97±3.32），and the difference was statistically significant（t=4.982，P<0.001）. Conclusion The application of role-playing reflective training in the training of wound ostomy incontinence specialist nurses can improve their reflective ability.

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The correlation between impostor phenomenon and role stress among intensive care specialty nurses PENG Ying, TU Hui, LI Dongying, PENG Linmin, WEI Jiqiong, LI Wenxin, ZHANG Na, CHEN Yihui 2025, 22 (2):  219-223.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.015 Abstract ( 109 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (750KB) ( 13 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the current status of impostor phenomenon and role stress among intensive care specialty nurses and to explore the relationship between the two. Methods From December 2023 to January 2024，225 intensive care specialty nurses in Jiangxi Province were conveniently selected for the survey，and were investigated using the general information questionnaire，Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale，and Role Stressors Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationship between impostor phenomenon and role stress. Results A total of 206 valid questionnaires were collected，with a validity rate of 91.56%. The scores of Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale for intensive care specialty nurses were（21.98±4.43） and the scores of Role Stressors Scale were（38.53±6.13），which were positively correlated（r=0.321）. Conclusion Impostor phenomenon of intensive care specialty nurses is moderately strongly positively correlated with role stress，and reducing the impostor phenomenon of intensive care specialty nurses may be beneficial in alleviating role stress.

Health Education and Health Promotion

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Development of mental health literacy case vignettes for family caregivers of cancer patients and Rasch model analysis WANG Yuxi, LIU Yuxiu, YANG Jinhong, WANG Lin, WANG Yuwen, WANG Liwei, CHEN Shujuan 2025, 22 (2):  224-231.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.016 Abstract ( 93 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1287KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop case vignettes on mental health literacy for family caregivers of cancer patients in accordance with Chinese regional culture and analyze their quality. Methods Using the concept and connotation of mental health literacy as the framework，the case questions were formed through literature research and expert meeting methods. From July 2023 to April 2024，a convenience sampling method was used to evaluate 365 family caregivers of cancer patients in a tertiary hospital. Item reliability，separation，unidimensionality test，wright map，item fit，and structure measures at intersections of the Rasch model were used to analyze the quality of the case. Results The formal case consists of two scenarios anxiety and depression，including eight single-choice questions，three multiple-choice questions，and eight open-ended questions. The mental health literacy case for caregivers of cancer patients met the unidimensionnlity assumption，with most items fitting well. The item difficulty of the case was compatible with caregivers with an average ability level. The case separation was 10.32，and the item reliability was 0.99. Conclusion The mental health literacy cases of cancer patient caregivers fit well with the Rasch model，and have good reliability and validity，which was suitable for measuring the level of mental health literacy of cancer caregivers.

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A study on the design and application of a multi-component oral exercise programme in elderly patients with oral weakness WU Lizhen, WANG Zhaodi, ZHOU Chunxia, HUANG Lihua 2025, 22 (2):  231-237.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.017 Abstract ( 119 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1256KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective Investigating the effects of a multi-component oral exercise programme in improving oral function in elderly patients with oral weakness. Methods A multi-component oral exercise programme was constructed based on literature review and expert consultation. According to quasi-experimental research model，from May 2022 to December 2022 patients hospitalized in geriatrics department of a hospital in Zhejiang Province were selected as the participants. Ward A was the experimental group（n=48） and Ward B was the control group（n=48）. Participants in the experimental group got a 12-week multi-component oral exercise programme on the basis of routine nursing care，and the control group received routine care including oral health management and preaching，medication care，admission and discharge counselling and other routine care. Oral function and oral health self-efficacy were assessed before and after the intervention by repeating the saliva swallowing test，the oral alternating motion test，and the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health. Results A total of 45 cases in the test group and 45 cases in the control group have completed the intervention. After the intervention，the oral health self-efficacy score（Z=6.068，P<0.001），the results of the repeated saliva swallowing test （P=0.006），and the results of the oral alternating movement test（χ2=49.980，P<0.001） were statistically significant between groups. Conclusion A multicomponent oral exercise programme improves oral function and oral health self-efficacy in elderly patients with oral weakness.

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A systematic review of the reproductive concerns assessment tool for women of reproductive age with cancer SHEN Shujie, LIU Hongxiu, LI Longtian, WEI Siqi 2025, 22 (2):  238-246.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.018 Abstract ( 77 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1215KB) ( 1 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To systematically evaluate the measurement properties and methodological quality of assessment tools for reproductive concerns in women of reproductive age with cancer，and provide recommendations for selecting an appropriate reproductive concerns scale. Methods A systematic search of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure，China Biology Medicine disc，Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and China Science and Technology Journal Database，PubMed，Embase，the Web of Science，the CINAHL Ultimate database was conducted to obtain the literature on the measurement properties of the reproductive concerns measure for women of reproductive age with cancer，the time limit for the retrieval was up to March 17，2024. Two researchers independently extracted information based on consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments（COSMIN），evaluated the included evaluation tools and formed final recommendations for the measuring table. Results A total of 16 studies involving 12 reproductive concerns scales were included，none of which reported criterion validity，measurement error，or responsiveness. Five scales，including the Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale（RCAC），had high-quality evidence of “inadequate” measurement properties and were rated as C-level scales，and the others were rated as B-level scales. Among them，the Chinese version of the RCAC had high levels of evidence of “adequate” structural validity，internal consistency，hypothesis testing，and cross-cultural validity，and the measurement properties were reported more comprehensively. Conclusion Compared to other scales，the measurement properties of the Chinese version of the RCAC have been evaluated in the most comprehensive way，with a better reliability and validity，and can be recommended for use.

Professional Practice

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Introduction and implications of elderly community outreach service model of hospitals in Hong Kong CHANG Feifei, Tam Yuen Yee, WU Xiaobing, CAO Yingchun 2025, 22 (2):  246-251.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.02.019 Abstract ( 77 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 1 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics As China’s aging population continues to accelerate，the health issues of the elderly are increasingly being taken seriously. As the main place for elderly care，a well-established and mature community nursing service system can meet the health needs of the elderly and reduce the medical burden caused by aging. This article summarizes the outreach service model of the Hong Kong Christian United Hospital’s elderly community，which includs four service models and service categories：elderly community nursing services，community geriatric assessment teams，integrated care and discharge support for elderly patients，and patient support call centre. Compared with the current development status of community continuity nursing in mainland China，suggestions for improvement are proposed in order to provide reference for the development of community continuity nursing in China.

Review

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Application and prospect of the theory of social-cognitive mindfulness in nursing education LI Chunyu, CAO Mengjiao, YANG Jiawei, LIU Rui, GAO Yong’e, SHEN Wei 2025, 22 (2):  252-256.  doi: 10.37615/jissn.1672-9234.2025.02.020 Abstract ( 115 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (757KB) ( 4 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics The article examined both domestic and international literature to summarize the concept and key characteristics of social-cognitive mindfulness theory. It also synthesized and generalized current research on the application of social-cognitive mindfulness theory in education，both nationally and internationally. Based on this analysis，the article suggests future directions for the development of social-cognitive mindfulness theory in nursing education，aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for further in-depth research and exploration of social-cognitive mindfulness.