Table of Content

15 June 2024, Volume 21 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Nursing Humanities Education

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Reflections on the perspective of nursing humanities education based on bibliometric analysis SHI Yan, DUAN Zhiguang 2024, 21 (6):  645-651.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.001 Abstract ( 413 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (6146KB) ( 11 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective This study aims to assess the status and development trends of nursing humanities education literature， and to consider the changing perspective of nursing humanities education. Methods The literature on nursing humanities education in the CNKI and Web of Science databases was taken as the object. Keyword clustering and development trend analysis of Chinese and English literature were conducted using VOSviewer and Pajek. Results According to the clustering results，high-quality of humanistic nursing and nursing talent cultivation were the common themes of Chinese and English literature on nursing humanistic education，while their focuses were different. From the development trends，the focus areas in both the English and Chinese literature were dispersed before 2010. After 2010，the scope gradually broadened and the focus began to converge，but the breadth and depth of research in English and Chinese literature were different. The English literature had a broader perspective，expanded into areas such as “heath care”“palliative care”“public health”，but with a shorter time span；the Chinese literature was still largely oriented towards “disease” and was basically limited to medical humanities. Conclusion Nursing humanities education faces new problems and challenges. The perspective should be expanded to health humanities and one-health humanities，which depends on the continuous deepening of nursing humanities education reform.

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Application of inquiry teaching in cultivating humanistic care ability of postgraduate students with master of nursing specialist LIU Mengdie, XIONG Xiaoyun, WANG Ying, YANG Ying, CHEN Hua, ZHANG Meijun, XIANG Qin, LIU Si 2024, 21 (6):  652-657.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.002 Abstract ( 268 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (946KB) ( 6 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of inquiry teaching method in Advanced Nursing Practice course on humanistic caring ability of postgraduate students with master of nursing specialist. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 42 postgraduates with master of nursing specialist of Grade 2021 from the School of Nursing at a university in Nanchang and the traditional teaching methods was adopted. Forty-two graduate students of Grade 2022 were selected as the experimental group，and inquiry teaching was used for humanistic care education. Results After intervention，the test scores，humanistic care quality and autonomous learning ability of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of inquiry teaching in Advanced Nursing Practice course is helpful to improve students’ learning interest，deepen their understanding of knowledge，improve the quality of humanistic care and self-learning ability.

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Construction and exploration of virtual teaching and research section of Humanitarian Nursing course LUO Yawen, LI Ka, QING Ping, HUANG Lei, WEI Liqin, LIU Yan, HUANG Hao, ZHANG Fengying 2024, 21 (6):  658-661.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.003 Abstract ( 235 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1219KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics In the context of the era “Information” and “Intelligence”，the construction of virtual teaching and research section becomes an inevitable choice for colleges and universities in China to respond the need of educational reform and innovate and develop grassroots teaching organization，and a new path to implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education，integrate teaching resources and improve the quality of talent cultivation. Sichuan University，in collaboration with more than 10 domestic universities，constructed virtual teaching and research section of Humanitarian Nursing course，and explored the construction elements such as course resources，teaching team，teaching carrier，teaching operation and other construction elements. A new teaching and research model characterized by a curriculum system of Humanitarian Nursing，a collection of curriculum ideological and political elements，a high-level humanitarian nursing teaching team across majors，schools and regions，shared teaching resources，and a combination of online and offline nursing teaching research activities was formed. This program comprehensively serves nursing schools in the southwest and northwest and improves nursing teaching efficiency.

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Application of experiential teaching in the Life Education course for nursing undergraduates LI Shuang, LIU Lin, CHEN Runan, ZHAO Xinshuang, ZHANG Lei, LAN Yuechen, CHU Jing 2024, 21 (6):  662-668.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.004 Abstract ( 256 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1128KB) ( 3 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of experiential teaching in the life education course for nursing undergraduates. Methods The experiential teaching was clearly applied to the teaching design of the life education course for nursing undergraduates. The main steps included clarifying the teaching objectives，determining the teaching themes，contents，and experiential teaching activities，creating a teaching resource database，and designing teaching implementation plans based on Kolb’s learning cycle theory. From September 2023 to December 2023，experiential teaching was implemented for 32 nursing undergraduates who selected the elective course “Journey of Life：Experiential Life Education”. Before and after the course，the Meaningful Life Scale for college students was used to evaluate the sense of life meaning of 32 nursing undergrduates. At the end of the course，the content of their reflection diary was analyzed，and their recognition of the course was surveyed using a self-developed teaching recognition questionnaire. Results After the course，the total score and scores in all dimensions of the sense of meaning in life of nursing undergraduates were higher than those before the course（P<0.001）. Three themes were extracted from the content of the reflection diary：experiencing the meaning of life，feeling the impermanence of life and cherishing it，and facing difficulties positively and revering life. The score of nursing undergraduates’ recognition of the course was 25（24，25） points. Conclusion The application of experiential teaching in the life education course for nursing undergraduates is feasible and effectively enhances the sense of meaning in life and perception of life among nursing undergraduates. The course has also gained recognition from nursing undergraduates.

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Design and practice of blended teaching based ideological and political theory education in Nursing Humanities WU Weiwei,LIAN Caimin,ZHANG Xuan,CHEN Jingjing,LIN Yan,HONG Youjuan 2024, 21 (6):  669-675.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.005 Abstract ( 169 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2422KB) ( 3 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To design a mixed ideological and political teaching program for undergraduate Nursing Humanities courses centered on the cultivation of professional emotions and improvement of professional qualities，and to explore its application effects. Methods A mixed ideological and political teaching program for undergraduate Nursing Humanities courses was designed，with the main steps including clarifying the ideological and political dimensions of the course and designing its ideological and political objectives；selecting ideological and political teaching topics and exploring the ideological and political elements of the course；and creating diversified micro-case resources for ideological and political education. A total of 112 nursing undergraduate students from the 2021 cohort of a medical university were selected as the research subjects. The mixed ideological and political teaching model of “triggering perception-learning empowerment-action transformation” was implemented in the Nursing Humanities course. The teaching effect was evaluated through course performance，teaching satisfaction and teaching effect survey results，as well as the semantic network analysis and sentiment analysis results of students’ replies in the ideological and political reflection topic discussion area. Results The course performance of the 112 students was（85.55±3.41） points；108（96.4%） students expressed satisfaction or great satisfaction with the teaching，and 106（94.6%），101（90.2%），and 102（91.1%） students believed that the course helped improve their nursing humanistic care awareness，empathy，and communication skills，respectively. Meanwhile，103（92.0%），99（88.4%），and 96（85.7%） students believed that the course helped enhance their professional recognition，understanding of professional value，and professional self-confidence，respectively. The results of semantic network analysis and sentiment analysis on the content of 2 167 replies indicated that two major semantic networks had been formed with “nurse” and “nursing” as the core words. Discussions on “nurse” mainly focused on working ability and working environment，while discussions on “nursing” mainly concentrated on internal professional perception and external professional evaluation. Among the replies，the number of texts expressing positive emotions accounted for 916（78.90%）. Conclusion The mixed ideological and political teaching program for Nursing Humanities courses not only helps enhance students’ learning satisfaction and sense of achievement，but also stimulates their professional emotions and improves their professional qualities.

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Curriculum building of a National Online Premium Courses of Nursing Ethics ZHAO Jing 2024, 21 (6):  676-679.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.006 Abstract ( 161 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (905KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics In order to implement moral education，adapt to the new situation of digital education，promote the construction of high-quality digital resources in vocational education，and improve the quality of talent cultivation，the Ministry of Education selected 1 160 National Online Premium Courses for vocational education in 2022. This article takes the award-winning course "Nursing Ethics" as an example to elaborate on the concept and objectives of building a national high-quality online course. It introduces the teaching objectives，teaching resource construction，teaching implementation process，and teaching evaluation of the course. This course integrates information technology into teaching activities，focuses on ideological and political construction，and provides references for teaching reform and development.

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Application progress of Duffy’s Quality-Caring Model in humanistic nursing care WEI Shuaifang, LI Zheng 2024, 21 (6):  680-685.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.007 Abstract ( 336 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (871KB) ( 13 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This article reviewed the background and framework of Duffy’s Quality-Caring Model，and summarized its application progress in clinical humanistic nursing practice and humanistic nursing competence development. Combined with the problems existing in the research of nursing humanistic care in China，several suggestions were put forward for further researches，so as to provide references for the application and implementation of the concept of care in the nursing practice in China.

Research Paper

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Development and application of a dietary decision aids for type 2 diabetes patients LIU Dongling, QIN Yuelan, LI Zhen, ZHOU Juan, YUAN Ping 2024, 21 (6):  686-694.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.008 Abstract ( 346 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1301KB) ( 7 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a dietary decision aids tool for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） and evaluate its clinical application effect. Methods Firstly，a draft of the dietary decision aids for T2DM patients was formed based on the best evidence of dietary decision-making support tools for T2DM，the Ottawa Decision Support Framework，and relevant research on dietary decision-making for T2DM patients home and abroad. Then，the draft was revised and improved through expert meetings and user evaluations in accordance with international patient decision aid standards. A total of 62 T2DM patients admitted to the endocrinology department of a Grade-A tertiary hospital in Hunan Province from April to September 2022 were selected as the participants. They were divided into a control group（admitted from April to June，n=31） and an experimental group （admitted from July to September，n=31） depending on their order of admission. The control group received routine care，while the experimental group received routine care combined with the dietary decision aids intervention. Indicators were compared between the two groups before the intervention and three months after discharge，including the compliance with diabetes diet therapy，decision-making conflict，and BMI，fasting plasma glucose（FPG），glycated hemoglobin （HbA1c），total cholesterol（TC），triglycerides（TG），low-density lipoprotein（LDL-C），and high-density lipoprotein（HDL-C）. Results The constructed dietary decision aids for T2DM patients mainly consisted of seven components：decision-making stage assessment，information support，pros and cons analysis，support system，value consideration，decision-making tendency，and decision confirmation. 29 patients in the control group and 30 patients in the experimental group completed this study. The scores of diabetes diet control knowledge and compliance with diet therapy in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05） at three-month after discharge. The scores of decision-making conflict，FPG，HbA1c，and LDL-C were lower in the experimental group than in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the dietary decision aids for T2DM patients can，to a certain extent，improve the compliance with diet therapy among T2DM patients，while reducing their decision-making conflict，blood glucose，and blood lipids.

Nursing Education

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The effects of the blended learning teaching activity in improving students’ participation in the teaching of Fundamentals of Nursing in vocational school ZHOU Lirong,HAO Yuanyuan 2024, 21 (6):  695-699.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.009 Abstract ( 123 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (820KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To evaluate the effects of the blended learning teaching activity in improving students’ participation in the course of Fundamentals of Nursing. Methods Based on the theory of Community of Inquiry，the blended learning teaching activity was designed and applied in 114 vocational nursing students participated in the course. The online teaching activities including“Case，Speech，Like，Picture” and the off-line teaching activities including “Realm，Ask，Compare，Comment”. The scores，participation in online and off-line teaching activities and Community Inquiry scale were collected after the teaching. Results For the completion rate，76.3% to 100% of 65 tasks were finished. The micro lessons’ watching time ranged from 782.7 to 1 028.7 min（851.6±100.7 min） with 73 onboard discussion topics and 4 210 answers. Assignments in table or graph format were delivered，with 3 019 replies. Teachers made 448 assessments with 2 430 “likes”. Offline class observed 96% students brought out questions actively，and the group presentations averaged 3 to 5 times. Comparing to last semester，both online and offline engagement and learning achievement improved significantly（P<0.05）. The total score of Community Inquiry scale and scores of cognitive presence，teaching presence and social presence enhanced significantly（P<0.05）. Conclusion The blended learning teaching activity could enhance the effect of blended learning，improve the deep learning and learning concentration.

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Design and practice of teaching in Dying and Death Care SONG Lijuan, DU Miao, ZHU Aiyong, ZHOU Lingjun 2024, 21 (6):  700-705.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.010 Abstract ( 122 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (830KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To design and explore the practice effect of teaching in dying and death care based on situated cognition and learning. Methods Based on the theory of situational cognition，silver hour was taken as the conceptual framework，combining the anchor based teaching mode with the characteristics of death education courses. The situational cognition teaching for medical students’ near death care courses was designed. In application，42 medical students who took the elective course named end-of-life care education were recruited through cluster sampling method. The teaching activity included pre-class self-learning，classroom teaching，and after-class reflection，and the teaching effect was evaluated. Results The simulated performance of four groups of students was good，with an average score of 80.25±5.78. The three themes of post class reflection and refinement by students were summarized，including a deeper understanding of the responsibilities and missions of medical students，recognition of situational simulation teaching methods，and the "win-win" effect of practical communities. Conclusion The teaching design of dying and death care based on situated cognition and learning provides medical students with a relatively safe and immersive learning environment，forming a new student-centered classroom teaching form. Additionally，this practice provides reference for the development and promotion of end-of-life care education courses in medical colleges in China.

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Application of virtual-real integration teaching method in the course of Comprehensive Nursing Skill Training LI Chunhui, MENG Hongyan, ZHAO Xueping, CHEN Yi, LI Huiling 2024, 21 (6):  706-710.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.011 Abstract ( 204 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (828KB) ( 9 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of virtual-real integration teaching in the course of Comprehensive Nursing Skill Training. Methods Firstly，the teaching method was developed based on clarifying teaching methods，building a teaching resource library，constructing a teaching implementation plan，and designing teaching evaluation contents. Then，61 nursing undergraduates from the 2020 grade of a university were selected as research participants. They received virtual-real integration teaching in the course of Comprehensive Nursing Skill Training，which included stages of single skill training and comprehensive skill training. After the course，data was collected on the number of visits to the virtual simulation experiment platform and the duration of virtual simulation experiment training. Additionally，students’ course grades were analyzed，and students were invited to complete a satisfaction survey regarding the Comprehensive Nursing Skill Training course to assess their overall satisfaction. Results Among the 61 nursing students，49 accessed the virtual simulation experiment platform between 16 and 20 times. The average duration of virtual simulation experiment training was 138~272（203.43±28.67） minutes，and the average course grade was（89.66±2.91） points. About 98.3%（58/59） of the students were satisfied or very satisfied with the overall course，and those who were satisfied or very satisfied with the experimental teaching process，teaching methods，teaching design，assessment methods，and classroom participation accounted for 96.6%（57/59），98.3%（58/59），96.6%（57/59），91.5%（54/59），100%（59/59），and 98.3%（58/59），respectively. Conclusion The combination of virtual and practical teaching shows positive effects in the course of comprehensive nursing skill training. Such method helps to improve students’ course grades，and satisfaction with the course and worth promoting.

Continuing Education

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The current status of knowledge，attitude，and practice of enhanced recovery after surgery among gynecological nurses GONG Jingjing, BAI Lianhua, WEI Xiaoting, FU Li, LI Xiaodan, LIU Yuanyuan 2024, 21 (6):  711-717.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.012 Abstract ( 213 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (807KB) ( 7 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the current status of knowledge，attitude，and practice（KAP） related to enhanced recovery after surgery（ERAS） among gynecological nurses. Methods In August 2023，a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 553 gynecological nurses from 20 provinces as the survey participants. A general information questionnaire and a gynecological nurse ERAS KAP questionnaire were used to conduct the survey. Results A total of 1 470 valid questionnaires were collected，with a recovery rate of 94.66%. The scores of KAP related to ERAS among the 1 470 gynecological nurses were（15.75±3.53），（23.57±2.62），and（94.58±19.39），respectively. Comparisons of ERAS knowledge，attitudes，and practices among gynecological nurses who work in different types of hospitals，numbers of beds in their departments，implementation time of ERAS，awareness of ERAS-related guidelines，departments with differing availability of ERAS-related regulations or procedures，departments with varying statuses of ERAS team establishment，and departments with different levels of organization for ERAS-related training revealed statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. Conclusion Gynecological nurses have a positive attitude towards ERAS，but their knowledge and practice levels still need to be improved. Nursing managers should focus on assessing the KAP levels of gynecological nurses related to ERAS and implement targeted interventions based on their characteristics to improve their KAP levels and enhance the quality of gynecological ERAS nursing.

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Meta-analysis of attitudes towards death and influencing factors among nurses in China HUANG Yuting, ZHANG Huilin, ZHU Jing, ZOU Ying, QIN Zuming, ZHANG Xiaoke 2024, 21 (6):  718-724.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.013 Abstract ( 220 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (973KB) ( 5 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the state of attitudes towards death among nurses，and then provide references for targeted intervention. Methods The cross-sectional studies on attitude towards death among nurses using the Death Attitude Profiled-Revised（DAP-R）were searched in CNKI，CBM，VIP，Wanfang Data，PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINHAL，and the Cochrane Library from inception to May 10，2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0. Results Totally 38 articles were included with a total sample size of 17 284. The highest score of death attitudes among Chinese nurses was 3.79（95%CI：3.59，3.98） for neutral acceptance. Female nurses were more likely to neutral acceptance（Z=2.14，P=0.03，I2=9%）；Nurses with 6 to 10 years of service had higher scores on the fear of death dimension compared to nurses with more than 10 years of service （Z=2.90，P=0.004，I2=46%），and compared to nurses with ≤5 years of service，nurses with 6 to 10 years of service（Z=2.20，P=0.03，I2=68%） and more than 10 years of service（Z=3.60，P<0.001，I2=0%） death avoidance dimension scores were higher，and nurses with more than 10 years of employment had higher convergent acceptance dimension scores （Z=2.08，P=0.04，I2=0%） and escape acceptance dimension scores（Z=4.71，P<0.001，I2=0%）；nurses who had experience of end-of-life management of patients had lower fear of death scores（Z=2.05，P=0.04，I2=0%） and lower approach acceptance scores（Z=2.57，P=0.01，I2=0%）. Conclusion Clinical nurses’ attitudes toward death are complex，with neutral acceptance being predominant and death avoidance secondary. Nurses’ gender，working experience，and the exprience of managing patients at the end of life are the influencing factors of death attitude. The attitudes towards death of clinical nurses should be identified as soon as possible to carry out targeted death education.

Health Education

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Application of interactive group management in patients with dysphagia after stroke SHEN Ying, SONG Fengfeng, LU Le, LÜ Aini, SONG Yan 2024, 21 (6):  725-730.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.014 Abstract ( 209 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (796KB) ( 3 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of interactive group management on patients with dysphagia after stroke. Methods A total of 70 stroke patients with dysphagia admitted to the rehabilitation department of a tertiary A hospital in Xi ’an from February 2021 to September 2022 were selected as the research participants. Among them，35 patients admitted from February 2021 to November 2021 were recruited to the control group，and 35 patients admitted from December 2021 to September 2022 were classified to the observation group. The control group was given routine rehabilitation care. Besides routine rehabilitation nursing，the experimental group got interactive group management with offline group health education，online meeting，job comment and training punching as the main contents. The effect of dysphagia，nutritional status，complications，and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and eight weeks after the intervention. Results After intervention，the swallowing function of experimental group was better than that of control group（P=0.004）. The body mass index，albumin，hemoglobin and quality of life score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. Meanwhile，the total incidence of complications of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group（P=0.003）. Conclusion Interactive group management can improve the nutritional status and swallowing function of patients，reduce the incidence of complications and improve the quality of life.

Clinical Practice

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Development and validation of the Iatrogenic Skin Injury Risk Assessment Scale for Critical Neonates ZHANG Xueying, ZHANG Xiaocui, YIN Xuemei, XIA Xinhua, WANG Ying, WANG Bei, ZHU Hong 2024, 21 (6):  731-737.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.015 Abstract ( 148 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a Iatrogenic Skin Injury Risk Assessment Scale for Critical Neonates and to test its reliability and validity in medical neonatal intensive care unit（NICU）. Methods The initial scale was developed through literature analysis，semi-structruced interview，group discussion，Delphi and pre-survey. From January 2023 to May 2023，219 neonates in medical NICU from three tertiary A hospitals in Tianjin were selected for questionnaire survey to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The final version of the scale contains 13 items in 4 dimensions including physiological situation，medical adhesive-related injury risk elements，drug extravasation injury risk factors，and medical device-related stress injury risk elements. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the scale was 75.36%. The content validity indexes at the scale level and the item level were 0.92 and 0.83~1.00 respectively. The Cronbach’s α coefficient and inter-rater reliability of the scale was 0.877 and 0.997. The area under the operating characteristic curve of the scale for predicting the risk of iatrogenic skin injuries in critical neonates was 0.92（P<0.001，95%CI was 0.884~0.956） and the cut-off value was 34.5. Conclusion The scale constructed in this study has good reliability and validity，and it can be used to access the risk of iatrogenic skin injuries in neonates in medical NICU.

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Summary of best evidence on using support surfaces to prevent pressure injuries WANG Lexin, JING Jiamei, HUANG Zhihong, ZHAO Jingjing, CHENG Fang, SHANG Yameng, WEI Xiaojing 2024, 21 (6):  738-744.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.016 Abstract ( 230 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (903KB) ( 6 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To systematically search，evaluate，and summarize the relevant evidence of the use of support surface in long-term bedridden patients，so as to provide the basis for the clinical position management of long-term bedridden patients. Methods Clinical decisions，best practices，guidelines，expert consensus，systematic review and evidence summary were searched from domestic and foreign databases and websites according to literature quality assessment. The search period was up to July 20，2023. Results A total of 13 literatures were included，including two clinical decisions，four guidelines，five systematic reviews and two best evidence summaries. Finally，30 pieces of evidence were summarized into four aspects：patient evaluation，support surface selection，support surface placement and precautions. Conclusion This article summarized the prevention and treatment effects of supports with different functions，materials，shapes and surface coverings on stress injuries，and suggested that clinical nurses should be familiar with the functions and usage of various types of support surfaces，and evaluate the selection and placement of corresponding support surfaces for different patients，so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of stress injuries and improve patient comfort.

Review

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Research progress and enlightenment on the training of elderly care staff FENG Quanlin, XIA Li, PENG Zhouyuan 2024, 21 (6):  745-750.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.017 Abstract ( 239 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (902KB) ( 5 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics In China，the elderly care services are developing rapidly，institutional elderly care services are steadily advancing，and the demand structure of the elderly is shifting from survival to development. However，the elderly care service industry faces problems such as insufficient supply of elderly care，short of high-quality inclusive services，as well as a shortage of professional talents，especially nursing personnel. Strengthening the training of nursing staff for the aged has become an urgent need. This article provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of the current situation at home and abroad from two aspects：the qualification requirements and basic status quo of elderly care professionals，the current status of training for elderly care professionals. Besides，the paper outlines the current status of elderly care course training in China，Japan，Germany，and Australia，with the aim of providing suggestions for the professional training and team development of elderly care professionals in China. The review aims to promote the development of Chinese elderly care industry and the construction of an elderly care service system in the new era.

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Application of action research in nursing undergraduate clinical teaching：a scoping review TU Xulian, WU Liping, ZHANG Fei, XIE Yufei, XIE Wan 2024, 21 (6):  751-757.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.018 Abstract ( 180 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (812KB) ( 3 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To describe and analyze the application status of action research in clinical teaching of nursing undergraduate at home and abroad，in order to provide references for clinical nursing educators to carry out action research. Methods Based on the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodological framework，nine Chinese and English databases were searched，including Scopus，PubMed，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP and SinoMed. The search period was set from databases’ establishment to January 24，2024. After literature searching，two researchers independently screened and extracted data，analyzed and discussed the included literature. Results A total of 18 literatures were included. The action research was applied in many aspects of clinical teaching including innovating clinical teaching and assessment methods，constructing clinical teaching guidance programs，and exploring the application effect of high-quality teaching methods. In the process of action research，there were some differences in research models，observation strategies and evaluation tools. Conclusion Action research is widely used in the clinical teaching of nursing undergraduates at home and abroad and can effectively solve the problems of clinical teaching. Meanwhile，the standardization of the implementation process of action is not good，the participation of students needs to be strengthened，and the quality and effect evaluation of action research need to be further studied.

Forum

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Theoretical framework，models of postdoctoral training in nursing in foreign countries and implications for China WU Yunuo, LI Jialin, TANG Guohua 2024, 21 (6):  758-763.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.019 Abstract ( 151 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (807KB) ( 5 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics High-level scientific research talent teams are the force of regional，national and even global scientific，technological and economic development. With the increasing number of nursing doctoral graduates in China，the cultivation of nursing postdoctoral talents has become a focus of nursing managers. This article reviews international experience and revelation of nursing post-doctoral training through an international perspective，aiming to provide models and suggestions that can be learnt from for the training of nursing post-doctoral training in China.

Overseas Knowledge

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Current status and enlightenment of mental health nursing major education at the University of the West of Scotland，UK SONG Qing,MA Guoping,LIU Chunxia,DAI Aiying,MA Jianwei 2024, 21 (6):  764-768.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.06.020 Abstract ( 128 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (676KB) ( 6 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This article introduced the objectives，curriculum design，teaching and learning evaluation methods，practical training content and arrangement of the mental health nursing major education at the University of the West of Scotland，UK，aiming to provide references for the construction of psychiatric nursing courses and the improvement of mental health nursing abilities of nursing students in China.