Table of Content

15 September 2023, Volume 20 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

The Role and Development of Nurses

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Current status，existing problems and development suggestions for the part-time master of nursing（professional degree） educational programs in China YOU Liming, FU Xue, LIU Jiali, LIU Ke 2023, 20 (9):  1029-1033.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.001 Abstract ( 307 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (799KB) ( 23 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics Based on the principles of adhering to unifing standards and ensuring equal quality of the full-time and part-time graduate educational programs，this study comprehensively analyzed the current situation and existing problems of the part-time master of nursing（professional degree） educational programs from the number of students recruited，the various elements of the training programs，and the specific teaching arrangements，by integrating the results of questionnaire surveys，text materials and interviews with key informants. The development suggestions included expanding the recruitment scale of students，limiting the admission conditions，specifying the requirements of clinical practice base for clinical specialty rotation，standardizing the duration and content of clinical specialist internships，and ensuring the quality of thesis. Besides，employers were suggested to support the students regarding their study time arrangements for theoretical courses，clinical practicum including cross-unit clinical training，and thesis work，so as to ensure the quality of education.

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The practice and effect of online teaching in the course of palliative care nurse specialty training LIU Xiangyu, GUO Junchen, ZHU Lihui, CHEN Yongyi, XIAO Yazhou, DING Yanming 2023, 20 (9):  1034-1037.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.002 Abstract ( 227 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (843KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the methods and effects of online teaching in the course of palliative care specialty nurse training. Methods Based on the needs of palliative care specialty nurses，theoretical analysis，literature research and expert group meetings were employed to construct the teaching content for the online training course. After application，the effects of online teaching were investigated and analyzed. Results From 2020 to 2021，a total of 615 palliative care specialty nurses have participated in online teaching. The total number of participants in the formal examination was 604，and 603 participants passed the examination. Besides，the total satisfaction score of online teaching（total score of questionnaire was 85） was 82.0（73.0，85.0）. Conclusion The online teaching of the palliative care specialty nurse training course achieves good effects and can be used as an important supplement to regular teaching.

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The development and prospect of the role of nurses in diabetes management in China ZHANG Yan, XU Rong, LIU Fang, LI Juan, HUANG Jin 2023, 20 (9):  1038-1044.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.003 Abstract ( 378 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (998KB) ( 22 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics With the development of diabetes specialty，nurses have played different roles and functions in diabetes management. This paper classified and elaborated the roles development process and training mode of nurses in diabetes management systematically，so as to provide reference for building a high-level，diversified and multi-level training model for diabetes management talents in China.

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Research progress of role evaluation based on role evaluation framework for advanced practice nurses YAO Jiafei, MA Shengmiao, XU Lin, GUO Aimin 2023, 20 (9):  1045-1049.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.004 Abstract ( 191 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (811KB) ( 13 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics In recent years，advanced practice nurses have developed rapidly. However，there were inconsistencies in their role evaluation. Reasons were possibly associated with the lack of theoretical framework to guide the evaluation of the role of the advanced practice nurses. This paper reviewed the concepts，categories，role evaluation frameworks of advanced practice nurses and the current status of its application in role evaluation，so as to clarify the role value of advanced practice nurse and to promote the development of advanced nursing practice in China.

Nursing Education

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The design and practice of Ideological and Political Theory Education in Fundamentals of Nursing under the background of Job Course Competition Certificate integrated education ZHU Bei, HE Shuzhi, CUI Jiajia 2023, 20 (9):  1050-1054.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.005 Abstract ( 205 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (684KB) ( 23 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper introduced the design and practice of the Ideological and Political Theory Education in Fundamentals of Nursing which is deemed as the core curriculum of nursing specialty in higher vocational education. The teaching team analyzed the characteristics of the curriculum and then formed the general goal of“three haves and five loves” from combination of the “Job Course Competition Certificate integrated education” and “Ideological and Political Theory Education”，that is，to cultivate benevolent，highly skilled and responsible nurses who love the country，the collective，the job，the patient and the family. By digging ideological and political materials through the combinations of job course competition and certificate，designing integration paths through classroom teaching，practical activities and skill competitions. Curriculum ideological and political teaching plan was implemented and tested through classroom teaching，practical activities and skills competition. The teaching reform of curriculum ideological and political education is conducive to shaping students’ value，improving students’ learning satisfaction and teachers’ teaching ability.

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Practice of labor education in nursing colleges and universities HUANG Fang, XU Guihua, YAN Shuxia, YIN Haiyan, SONG Yulei, WANG Qing, BAI Yamei 2023, 20 (9):  1055-1059.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.006 Abstract ( 188 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (711KB) ( 14 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper focused on the difficult issues of integrating labor education with the profession in the current practice of labor education. Based on the connotation of labor education in the nursing profession in the new era，labor education is divided into labor theory courses，general labor practice，and professional labor practice. Moreover，professional labor practice is further divided into curriculum labor education，scientific research labor education，and social service labor practice. Through detailed introduction to the goals，plans，preparations，implementation，and experiences of carrying out labor education，this paper aims to assist the cultivation of high-quality nursing talents with all round development in morality，intelligence，physique，aesthetics，and labor.

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The reform of integration of theory and practice with flipped classroom based on blended teaching in Fundamentals of Nursing KE Li, LI Yan, XU Lanlan, XIAO Juan, TAO Lingxuan, LUO Yixue, SUN Li, CAO Qiongya, WANG Jinna 2023, 20 (9):  1060-1065.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.007 Abstract ( 196 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (783KB) ( 18 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of the integrated theory and practice with flipped classroom based on blended teaching in Fundamentals of Nursing. Methods Convenience sampling was used and students from one class of grade 2019 were selected as the control group. Flipped classroom based on blended teaching was adopted in theory course，while traditional teaching was adopted in experimental course. The experimental group was recruited from one class of grade 2020，and the integrated theory and practice flipped classroom was adopted. The teaching effect was evaluated by process evaluation，summative evaluation scores of theoretical examination，teachers’ observation and students’ evaluation of the course. Results The scores of process evaluation，final operation assessment and final evaluation in experimental group were better than those in control group（P<0.05）. Teachers and students held good overall evaluation of the teaching model of the integrated theory with practice of flipped classroom. Conclusion The integrated theory and practice with flipped classroom based on blended teaching can assist students to master knowledge more systematically，enhance students’ enthusiasm and initiative in learning，improve students’ practical training skills and comprehensive ability. Besides，such teaching has a good effect on the cultivation of students’ professional quality and professional ethics. The results can be used for reference and promotion in nursing course teaching.

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The influence of self-worth on self-directed learning ability in nursing undergraduates ZHENG Wenkai, DU Juan, WANG Meifang, HENG Chunni 2023, 20 (9):  1066-1069.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.008 Abstract ( 214 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (515KB) ( 25 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the self-worth and self-directed learning ability in nursing undergraduates，and to analyze the influence of self-worth on self-directed learning ability. Methods A total of 851 nursing undergraduates from six universities in Shaanxi Province were selected by convenient sampling from August to November 2022. The general information questionnaire，Adolescent Sense of Self-Worth Scale and Self-directed Learning Ability Scale were used for the survey. Results The total score of self-worth of 851 nursing students was（189.79±21.42），and the total score of self-directed learning ability was（94.81±8.51）. The total score of self-worth was positively correlated with the total score of self-directed learning ability（r=0.457，P<0.001）. Hieraychical multiple regression showed that self-worth accounted for 16.8% of the total variance in self-directed learning ability independently. Conclusion The self-worth of nursing undergraduates can positively predict their self-directed learning ability. Nursing educators and managers in universities should take corresponding measures to improve students’ self-worth，so as to improve their level of self-directed learning ability.

Clinical Teaching

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The application of Gibbs reflection cycle among nursing undergraduates in their internship in ICU LUO Qian, MING Zheng, WANG Ansu, CHEN Fang, ZHANG Xia, ZHONG Mingli 2023, 20 (9):  1070-1076.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.009 Abstract ( 267 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (935KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of Gibbs reflective cycle on critical thinking ability and self-directed learning ability of nursing undergraduates in their internship in intensive care unit （ICU）. Methods A convenience sampling method was used with 150 nursing undergraduates who practiced in the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from July 2021 to September 2022. The participants were divided into two groups with 75 students in experimental group and 75 students in control group depending on their time of admission. The control group was treated with traditional follower teaching mode，and the experimental group was treated with Gibbs intervention on this basis among four weeks. Participants completed the reflection diary according to Gibbs，reported and shared the reflection results，integrated the reflection conclusions. The scores of critical thinking ability and self-directed learning ability before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention，the score of critical thinking in the experimental group was（300.33±16.71），while that in the control group was（291.49±11.69）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（t=3.754，P<0.001）. After intervention，the score of self-directed learning ability in the experimental group was （151.69±21.95），while that in the control group was（136.99±27.56）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（t=3.614， P<0.001）. Conclusion Gibbs teaching method can improve the critical thinking ability and self-directed learning ability for nursing undergraduates during their clinical internship in ICU.

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The experiences of nursing students after patient death in clinical practice：a meta-synthesis of qualitative research studies HOU Kunhua, BAI Wenhui, LI Qianqian, TIAN Yajie, WANG Meijie, CHANG Shuying, MA Lingcao, LIU Weihua 2023, 20 (9):  1077-1083.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.010 Abstract ( 163 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (876KB) ( 12 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To systematically integrate the experience of nursing interns witnessing the death of patients in clinical practice，so as to provide reference for promoting the development of hospice nursing education for nursing students and improving the level of clinical teaching. Methods A total of eight databases（PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL，Embase，Wanfang Data，VIP Database，CBM and CNKI） were searched to collect the relevant qualitative researches on the death experience of nursing interns. The retrieval time was set from the establishment of the database to September 2022. After that，two researchers independently performed literature quality evaluation and data extraction. Results A total of 11 studies were included，with 40 research results extracted and summarized into five new categories. Results were integrated into two themes. The first theme was that nursing interns adopt a variety of adjustment strategies to cope with complex emotional changes，and subsequently achieve personal growth and promote career reversal after witnessing the death of the patient. The second theme was that nursing interns realize their own shortcomings and are eager to get more education of end-of-life nursing. Conclusion The results of this study summarize the real emotional experience and cognitive changes of nursing interns after the death of patients under different educational backgrounds at home and abroad，and provide a reference and basis for nursing educators to improve and carry out end-of-life nursing education.

Continuing Education

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Construction of training program of nursing ability for the whole process care of midwives in high-risk pregnancy ZHANG Xueling, XIAO Ye, ZHANG Shaoying, YANG Jingping, LIN Jingjing, HUANG Minfang, LIN Rongjin 2023, 20 (9):  1084-1089.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.011 Abstract ( 179 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (845KB) ( 18 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a training program for midwives’ ability to care for high-risk pregnancies. Methods A preliminary training program was developed based on literature research，evidence summary of guidelines，focus group interviews，and one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Two rounds of consultation were conducted involving 24 experts in obstetrics and gynecology from Fujian，Shandong，Hubei，Beijing，and Shanghai by Delphi method. Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaires were 96%（23/24） and 85%（17/20） respectively. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.92，and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.10 and 0.16（P<0.001），respectively. The final training plan included training objectives，training content（two modules for routine care and full care of common high-risk pregnant women），training arrangements and methods，and qualification requirements. Conclusion The training scheme for midwives’ high-risk pregnancy care ability is scientific and reliable and can provide a reference for the clinical training of midwives in China.

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Development and application of emergency echelon nurse training program LIU Jing, FENG Xiuqin, CHEN Yilan 2023, 20 (9):  1090-1094.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.012 Abstract ( 168 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (729KB) ( 14 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a training program for emergency echelon nurses and explore the feasibility of its application. Methods In April 2022，after preliminary demand survey and literature analysis，a training plan for emergency echelon nurses was constructed based on the emergency post competency model，which included trainers，training content，class hours and training methods. From April to May 2022，a total of 131 nurses from a tertiary general hospital in Zhejiang Province were trained. The first echelon was composed of responsible team leaders （n=51） from the emergency and critical care department. The second echelon was composed of trained general nurses of responsible group leaders of the nursing unit（n=80）. Evaluation was carried out through questionnaires on emergency knowledge，skills and attitudes before and after training，theoretical and operational achievements after training，and training satisfaction. Results After the training，the score of nurses’ theoretical assessment was（88.75±4.35），the score of injury classification assessment was（90.11±2.51），and the score of trauma technology-related operations was（89.18±3.11） respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in trauma techniques and picking score between the first and second echelons. Meanwhile，there was statistically significant difference in theoretical score between the two echelons（92.06±2.62，86.64±3.91）（t=8.730，P<0.05）. The satisfaction rate of nurses after training was 99.4%. Conclusion The emergency echelon nurse training program is feasible，which is recognized by nurses in assisting the cultivation of the emergency knowledge and skills required in a hierarchical manner.

Health Education

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Analysis of the current situation and factors influencing the benefit finding of patients with hypertension in pension institutions GUO Qin, ZHANG Xiangeng, WANG Hongyan, LIU Linfeng, LIU Shan, LIU Yunqi, ZHANG Yunqiu 2023, 20 (9):  1095-1099.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.013 Abstract ( 136 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (662KB) ( 13 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the current situation and explore factors influencing the benefit finding of patients with hypertension in Chengdu’s pension institutions. Methods From May to June，2022，a total of 330 elderly patients with hypertension were recruited in nursing homes. General Information Questionnaire，the Elderly Chronic Disease Patient Benefit Finding Questionnaire，General Self-Efficacy were employed for the survey. Results The score for the patient benefit finding was 63.00（60.00，69.00） and the self-efficacy score was 20.00（18.00， 23.00）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis could explain 76.2% of the total variance. The influencing factors of benefit finding included educational level，monthly pension，physical exercise，blood pressure control，and self-efficacy. Conclusion The level of benefit finding in elderly patients with hypertension is low to moderate，which needs to be further improved. Relevant caregivers should actively guide patients to pay attention to the positive significance of the disease and carry out targeted interventions to promote the level of benefit finding.

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Factors that promote and hinder clinical practice of structured education in gestational diabetes mellitus SUN Yueping, ZHOU Rong, MENG Liping, GUO Yaqiong, ZHANG Caihong, GUO Honghua 2023, 20 (9):  1100-1106.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.014 Abstract ( 180 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (965KB) ( 19 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate factors promote and hinder the transforming of structured educational intervention program into clinical practice of gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）. Methods The objective sampling method was employed to conduct semi-structured interviews with seven experts in obstetric care in a third-class A hospital. The interview outline was formulated according to the i-PARIHS framework，and the data was analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method and NVivo 12 software. Results After analysis，two themes and eight sub-themes were condensed from the interview data. Facilitating factors were as following. Firstly，clear curriculum plan will benefit clinical application and promotion. Besides，continuous follow-up will effectively consolidate the implementation effect. Also，clinical practice significance of the reform should be recognized by the medical staff. Still，the degree of participation and cooperation of patients to the reform is high. Meanwhile，hindrance factors were summarized include difficulty to carry out offline teaching in fixed groups. Multidisciplinary team cooperation mechanism needs to be optimized. Hospital diet fails to meet the needs of hospitalized GDM patients. Insufficient input of medical cost affects the implementation of reform. Conclusion For the program of "Structured Prenatal Education Course for GDM Patients"，the promotion factors at the reform level and the recipient level confirm the feasibility of the program’s clinical practice. Meanwhile，the hindrance factors at the recipient level and the organizational environment level suggest the necessity of program adjustment. In conclusion，it is necessary to pay attention to and correct the obstacle factors，further optimize the allocation of health education resources，and overcome and improve the obstacle factors from the management level in the process of clinical transformation of the intervention program.

Clinical Practice

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Sleep quality and its influencing factors in acute brain infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus LI Xiaohong, DING Qing, CAI Yiwei, DING Dan, ZHU Xiaoping 2023, 20 (9):  1107-1112.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.015 Abstract ( 132 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (775KB) ( 14 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective This study analyzed the sleep quality and the factors in acute brain infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The general information questionnaire，Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and 25-iterm Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were distributed among 304 acute brain infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results The incidence of sleep disorder in acute brain infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 55.92%. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender （ OR=1.816 ，95%CI=1.035-3.186 ） ，mRS score（ OR=1.495 ，95%CI=1.093-2.045 ） ，fourth dimension in psycholo-gical stress of score on anxiety or alertness（ OR=1.174 ，95%CI=1.117-1.234 ） ，and third dimension in resilience of score on optimism（OR=0.912 ，95%CI=0.842-0.989） were the influencing factors of sleep disorders in acute brain infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a higher incidence of sleep disorders after acute cerebral infarction. Clinical attention should be given to patients with poorer limb function. Moreover，timely assessment of their anxiety and vigilance assessments are suggested. Medical staff needs to implement psychological interventions to patients with poor optimism to alleviate their psychological stress levels and improve sleep quality，which will be helpful in post-stroke rehabilitation.

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Research hotspots of patient reported outcomes in China LI Kexuan, CAI Yuanyuan, XIE Shu, DONG Jiaqian, ZHANG Jiayu, QIU Xiuyue 2023, 20 (9):  1113-1117.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.016 Abstract ( 192 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (889KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To summarize the research hotspots of patient reported outcomes in China and to explore the current research status so as to provide reference for studies in the future. Methods The literature related to patient reported outcomes was systematically searched in CNKI and Wanfang databases from databases’ establishment to December 31，2022. Bibliographic Items Co-occurrence Matrix Builder （BICOMB） software was used to count the high-frequency keywords in relevant literatures，and the formed word matrix was imported into the Graphical Clustering Toolkit（gCLUTO） for clustering and visual analysis. Results A total of 546 pieces of literature was collected，and 30 high-frequency keywords were extracted. Bibliometrics analysis showed an increasing tendency of literature on patient reported outcomes over year. Through cluster and visual analysis，three research hotspots were identified，including connotation and content analysis of patient reported outcomes，development and utilization of patient reported outcome measures，exploration and extension of patient reported outcome measurement information system. Conclusion At present，patient reported outcomes in China have not yet reached saturation in the field of medical research，and relvant research is in the exploratory stage in China. In the future，the researchers should draw on beneficial experiences and actively explore the development direction of localized patient reported outcomes under a global vision.

Review

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Research progress of the impact of nursing home environment on the older adults ZHANG Ruiqiu, WANG Yiang, ZHANG Bei, ZHU Guodong 2023, 20 (9):  1118-1124.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.017 Abstract ( 166 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2058KB) ( 14 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics The aging environment is considered to be the key factor affecting all aspects of the life of the elderly in institutions，and its significance in institutional pension is also increasingly apparent. In order to provide the better physical and psychological life of the elderly in the institution，it is particularly essential to reasonably analyze the contact points of the environment and understand the many impacts of the institutional environment on the elderly residents. Therefore，the purpose of this paper is to systematically integrate the environmental elements and characteristics of elderly care institutions，analyze the environmental problems and explore the impact of various aspects of the institutional environment on the elderly，so as to provide a reference for the follow-up nursing work in the elderly care institutions，the evaluation of aging environment and architectural design.

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Self-neglect among older adults in community：a scoping review WANG Guimeng, LEI Yanyuan, TENG Mengyuan, CUI Xiangshu 2023, 20 (9):  1125-1131.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.018 Abstract ( 160 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (810KB) ( 20 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To describe and analyze the current research status of self-neglect of the elderly in community. Methods Followed the framework of Arksey and O’Malley’s scope-review methodology，databases were searched including PubMed，Embase，EBSCO，CINAHL，Web of Science，Scopus，Cochrane Library，OpenGrey，SinoMed，CNKI，VIP，Wanfang. Time period was set from their establishment to November 27，2022. All retrieved literatures were screened，extracted and summarized. Results A total of 45 articles were included，including 33 in English and 12 in Chinese，and 31 cross-sectional studies. Among them，23 studies reported the incidence or level of self-neglect. A total of 14 assessment tools were used. The influencing factors were classified into socio-demographic characteristics，health-related characteristics，psychological and behavioral characteristics，and social background characteristics. In addition，12 studies reported on the adverse effects of self-neglect on older people in the community and eight studies reported prevention and intervention measures. Conclusion Self-neglect is common and has serious adverse effects among the elderly population in the community，with complex and diverse influencing factors，a variety of assessment tools with low reliability，and a single type in study design. Community nursing workers should deepen their research on influencing factors，evaluation tools，and types and contents of research，so as to prevent and intervene in self-neglect among elderly people in the community.

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Research progress on Behaviour Change Wheel Theory in nursing LIU Li, ZHANG Yan, TIAN Yutong, LI Xiaohua, GAO Yue 2023, 20 (9):  1132-1138.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.019 Abstract ( 289 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1044KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper aims to introduce the contents of the Behaviour Change Wheel Theory，and summarize its application in the nursing field at home and abroad，in order to provide reference for the development and application of the Behaviour Change Wheel Theory and provide evidence for empirical research in the nursing field.

Forum

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An analysis of research hotspots of nursing scholars funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2011 to 2022 YANG Yifang, YANG Tingting, WU Tingting, HE Xiang, CHEN Junbo, YAN Fanghong, HAN Lin, MA Yuxia 2023, 20 (9):  1139-1146.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.020 Abstract ( 633 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1107KB) ( 36 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the overall situation and current research hotspots of National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC） relating to nursing from 2011 to 2022，in order to provide reference for broadening the research direction of nursing scholars and promoting the development of nursing discipline. Methods NSFC funded projects headed by nursing scholars were comprehensively retrieved through the website of NSFC，MedSci，Letpub，CNKI，VIP，Wanfang data，supplemented by Baidu and other search engines. Afterward，project names and keywords were extracted for co-word clustering analysis. Results From 2011 to 2022，a total of 377 NSFC projects were funded，with a total funding amount of 131，043，600 yuan. A total of six research hotspots were obtained through keyword clustering analysis including construction and evaluation of a health management model for community-dwelling frail elderly and patients with mental illness，the development trajectory of psychological resilience and the construction of an intervention model in cancer patients，interventional research on cognitive dysfunction and infectious diseases，construction and empirical research on the care model for stroke patients based on digital technology，research on the construction and mechanism of a self management and symptom management model for diabetic patients，research on the management and risk prediction of patients with chronic diseases. Conclusion The number of NSFC funded projects by nursing scholars shows an upward trend，although there are relatively few key program. In the future，it is recommended that nursing scholars keep up with national development needs，combine research hot spots，broaden the depth and breadth of research，so as to contribute to the health for all.

Exploration and Debate

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Reflection on the way of selecting and training of advanced practice nurse candidates LIU Yuwei, HE Lingxiao, GONG Renrong, NING Ning, JIANG Yan 2023, 20 (9):  1147-1152.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.021 Abstract ( 306 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (928KB) ( 15 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics An advanced practice nurse（APN） is an application-oriented nurse who has acquired an in-depth expert knowledge base，complex decision-making skills，and expanded clinical competencies for advanced nursing practice. At present，the international education standard for APNs is at a master’s degree or higher. However，nursing graduate education is initiated relatively late in China，and there is still an ongoing debate regarding the prioritization of master’s degrees versus clinical work experience for selecting APN candidates under current circumstances. Through literature review，this paper compared the core competencies of nurses with postgraduate degrees and senior clinical nurses in developing APN and proposed the reflection on the parallel training for these two types of professionals based on the current situation in China. This plan aims to assist the fusion of the strengths of both type of candidates，fostering their mutual growth，and further promoting the specific role develop-ment of APN in China.