Table of Content

15 October 2023, Volume 20 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Research Paper

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Teaching practice of the general course of Multicultural and Nursing for undergraduate students LIU Yu, HE Chaozhu, BI Ruixue, FENG Linmei, LI Lingyan, LIU Meng 2023, 20 (10):  1157-1162.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.001 Abstract ( 265 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1158KB) ( 19 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of general education course of Multiculture and Nursing，so as to provide reference for the implementation general nursing education in comprehensive universities. Methods Multicultural and Nursing general courses was desigened from the international and cross-cultural perspective，with integrated teaching content of “nursing+multicultural”. Course construction was carried out through literature review，expert consultation and demonstration. Information-based auxiliary teaching was implemented with the network course platform as the main body and the network interaction and nursing skill practice virtual simulation platform as the supplement，endowing the course with diversity，practicality and high-level. In the second semester of the 2016 academic year，the course began to be avaialbe for all the undergraduate students with different majors. A total 589 students were recruited to conduct a questionnaire survey and to analyze the students’ course selection，learning evaluation and teaching effects. Results Non-medical majored students accounted for 88.29% of the total participants. In addition，53.99% of the students most interested in medical knowledge and skills. Students wrote 589 research essays，completed 60 research reports，and scored 83.26 points on average. The total score of the students’ humanistic literacy questionnaire and the scores of humanistic knowledge，thought and method were significantly improved（P<0.05）. Besides，81.83% of the students approved of the information-based auxiliary teaching method，50.76% of the students agreed the interaction between teachers and students as well as among classmates. The overall good rate of students’ evaluation of teaching quality reached 84.55%. Conclusion The teaching practice of general course Multiculture and Nursing in comprehensive university achieves satisfactory results，and the course practice can effectively promot the improvement of students’ humanistic and medical literacy.

Situational Simulation Teaching

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Application of counter-example video combined with scenario simulation in the training of aseptic operation for nursing interns in operating room AN Xiaoyan, LI Xueyun, LÜ Xiaofan, LIU Peiyu 2023, 20 (10):  1163-1168.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.002 Abstract ( 240 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (911KB) ( 22 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of counter-example video combined with scenario simulation teaching in the training of aseptic operation for nursing interns in the operating room. Methods The first step of the study was to collect，sort out the data，and summarize the easy mistakes of aseptic technique to make a counter example video. After that，74 nursing interns practiced in the operating room from December 2021 to July 2022 were selected as participants and divided into a control group and an experimental group（37 in each group）. The control group received theoretical lectures，watched positive operation videos，and then demonstrated the operation. On the basis of intervention in the control group，situational simulations and counter-example videos were implemented in the experimental group. After the training，the theoretical assessment results of aseptic technique，the occurrence rate of error prone points and the teaching effect of interns were compared. Besides，the clinical reality assessment was conducted again 21 days later. Results After teaching，the experimental group and the control group scored（90.11±3.94） points，and（86.29±4.45） points in the examination of aseptic technique respectively. In the second assessment of 21 days later，the experimental group and the control group achieved（94.11±1.83） points and（91.90±1.79） points in clinical reality examination respectively. The two examination results of the examination group were higher than that of the control group，with a statistically significant difference（t=3.847，5.133，P<0.05）. The incidence of error prone points in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group in laying sterile instrument tables，using sterile holding forceps，disposable sterile items，taking sterile solutions，and wearing fully covered sterile surgical gowns（P<0.05）. The experimental group scored higher in evaluating the effectiveness of internship teaching than the control group，with a statistically significant difference（P<0.001）. Conclusion Counter-example video combined with situational simulation teaching can effectively improve the technical quality of sterile operation of nursing interns practiced operating room，and helpful in improving the compliance of standardized operation.

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Application of situational simulation combined with reflective log in surgical practice teaching of nursing undergraduates YU Xiaozhu, DING Xiumei, GUO Yanfang, WANG Fuan, YANG Zhenhua 2023, 20 (10):  1169-1173.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.003 Abstract ( 222 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (893KB) ( 19 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of situational simulation combined with reflective log teaching on the humanistic care ability of nursing students in the surgical practical teaching，and to provide a basis for the reform of practical teaching of nursing. Methods From March to December 2022，a total of 122 nursing undergraduates of Grade 2020 were selected to adopt the teaching method of situational simulation combined with reflective journal in surgical practical teaching. The teaching included the selection of practical training projects of situational simulation operation，the preparation of relevant teaching resources before and after class，the training of methods for writing reflective logs，the demonstration and practice of classroom situation simulation operation，and the writing and evaluation of reflective logs. The humanistic care ability scale was used to investigate the humanistic care ability of nursing undergraduates before and after the course. Reflective log was employed to assess the level of humanistic care. Results The score of humanistic care ability of 122 nursing undergraduates was（185.52±10.36） points before the course，and （227.77±10.74） points after the course，which difference reached statistically significant（t=32.339，P<0.001）. A total of 1 830 reflection logs were submitted by students. The top three words that reflected humanistic care elements in the reflection logs were sense of responsibility（1 100，1 444 times），compassion（1 009，1 208 times） and harmonious nurse-patient relationship（955，985 times）. Most reflective log types focused on deepening the understanding of humanistic care（644，35.19%）. Conclusion The teaching method of situational simulation combined with reflective log can improve the humanistic care ability of nursing undergraduates.

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The application of clinical-situation simulation in practical teaching of psychiatric violence risk assessment and management GAO Yun, ZHAO Jinmei, ZENG Gang, YE Junrong, XIA Zhichun, WEI Hongmei, XIAO Aixiang 2023, 20 (10):  1174-1180.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.004 Abstract ( 242 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 25 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of the clinical-situation simulation teaching method in violence risk assessment and management in psychiatric nursing in nursing undergraduates. Methods A total of 84 junior undergraduates from two classes of Grade 2019 were classified into control group and experimental group randomly，with 42 students in each group. The routine practical teaching method was conducted in the control group，while clinical-situation simulation was implemented in the experimental group. The after-class theoretical examination and objective structured clinical skills examination（OSCE） were used to evaluate the learning effect of the two groups. The Chinese version of the Modified Course Experience Questionnaire（CEQ） was employed to measure students’ experience with the course in the two groups. Results Both scores of each OSCE station and total OSCE score in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05），while there was no significant difference in terms of the score of theoretical examination in the two groups（P>0.05）. And the overall mean score of the CEQ and mean scores on the dimensions of good teaching，good quality of the course and gain a lot in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical-situation simulation teaching is more effective than traditional teaching in improving students’ experience and cultivating the students’ ability to identify risk factors of psychiatric violence and to deal with psychiatric violence.

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Research on the application of humanistic care teaching model in training of Fundamental Nursing HUANG Qionglei, LIU Min, TANG Tang 2023, 20 (10):  1181-1184.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.005 Abstract ( 217 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (692KB) ( 21 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of humanistic care teaching model in the course of Training of Fundament Nursing. Methods Convenience sampling was used to recruit 128 nursing students of grade 2021 from a university in Anhui Province. Participants were divided into control group（65 students） and experimental group（63 students）. While the experimental group received nursing humanistic care teaching（creating situation-inspiring emotion-practice-generating inspiration），the control group received regular teaching. After the course，examination scores，scores on humanistic care ability and reflection diaries of the two groups of nursing students were compared to evaluate the teaching effect. Results Compared with the control group，the scores on humanistic care ability of the experimental group were statistically higher（t=7.853，P<0.001）. A total of three themes were extracted from the reflection diary，namely understanding the connotation of humanistic care of nursing，strengthening the belief in practicing humanistic care of nursing，and improving the ability of independent learning. Conclusion Nursing humanistic care teaching model can improve nursing students’ humanistic care ability，firm their faith in practicing humanistic care，and enhance their autonomous learning ability.

Nursing Education

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The practice and effect of blended online-offline teaching mode integrating medication nursing cases into the course of Nursing Pharmacology CHEN Yuping, WANG Chuntao, SHU Anmei, JIANG Ming, CHEN Genlin, WU Junsong 2023, 20 (10):  1185-1188.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.006 Abstract ( 174 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (808KB) ( 16 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the reform methods and teaching effects of online-offline blended teaching mode integrating medication nursing cases in the course of Nursing Pharmacology. Methods Nursing students in Class 1 of grade 2020 and 2021 were recruited as the participants and divided into the control group（n=53） and the experimental group（n=50）. While the control group adopted the traditional teaching method，the experimental group adopted the blended online-offline teaching mode with integrated medication nursing cases. At the end of the course，medication nursing core competency and independent learning ability of the two groups were compared. Results The self-learning ability and medication nursing core competency of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher compared with the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The blended teaching of nursing pharmacology based on case studies can improve teaching effect and be helpful in the training of self-learning ability for students in vocational college.

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Teaching reform of TCM Nursing Technology under comprehensive education mode of Job Course Competition Certificate WANG Xumei, LI Zhengjie, ZHANG Yanyan, YANG Qin, SHI Xuehui, HU Chenchen, DING Yaping 2023, 20 (10):  1189-1194.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.007 Abstract ( 161 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1230KB) ( 20 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the way and effect of the teaching reform of TCM nursing technology course under the concept of “Job Course Competition Certificate” education reform. Methods The teaching mode of “four-class connection and multi-track integration” was constructed by combining industry experts，connecting TCM nursing posts，considering of professional standards and the requirement of “Job Course Competition Certificate”. After the reconstruction of teaching content，the teaching reform of “multiple+multi-dimension” for the whole process assessment and evaluation was implemented among 598 nursing students. Results Taking “dialectical care for cold patients” as an example，the participation rate of students in 2021 reached over 95% based on the data from learning platforms and virtual training platforms. The success rate of simulation exercises，scenario role-playing，skill operation assessments，and industry practice activities reached 96.55%. The final score of students in 2021 was （85.32±1.82），which was higher than that of 612 students in 2020 of（81.58±1.03）. Moreover，the difference between the two group of students was statistically significant（t=7.476，P<0.001）. Conclusion The teaching reform of TCM nursing technology courses under the comprehensive education model of Job Course Competition Certificate Course Competition and Certification is helpful in improving students’ learning effect and achieving the goal of cultivating high-quality technical and skilled TCM nursing talents.

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Teaching reform of experimental course of Internal Medical Nursing in undergraduate students DAI Yuqin, XU Yan 2023, 20 (10):  1195-1199.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.008 Abstract ( 133 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (702KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the reform effect of experimental course of Internal Medical Nursing in undergraduate students. Methods Nursing undergraduates students of grade 2022 were selected as teaching objects，and were divided into experimental group（n=75） and control group（n=76） according to classes. In the 18-hour Internal Medicine Nursing practical course，the experimental group adopted teaching method based on STEAM education concept，which combined with science，technology，engineering，art and mathematics，while the control group adopted the traditional teaching method. Then，the test results，core competence and learning results of the two groups were compared. Results After teaching，the test results of the experimental group was（89.60±2.06），and that of the control group was（79.74±2.60），the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. In addition，except for the dimension of social participation，the total scores of core literacy and all dimensions of the test group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The learning results of the experimental group was better than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The experimental course of internal medical nursing based on STEAM education concept is helpful to cultivate students’ core literacy and improve learning effectiveness.

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The design and practice of Ideological and Political Education Theory in Nursing for Organ Transplant Patients SHEN Shanling, ZENG Fenlian, CHEN Shuozhen, ZHANG Yongmei, YANG Xiaohong 2023, 20 (10):  1200-1204.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.009 Abstract ( 187 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (794KB) ( 16 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics To explore and condense the connotation and elements of the Ideological and Political Education Theory by taking the nursing of organ transplant patients in Surgical Nursing course as an example. Through designing the specific curriculum program for the nursing of organ transplant patients in Surgical Nursing course and employing the on-line and off-line mixed teaching method，this practice aimed to realize the triple-goal of the students’ value-shaping，knowledge-learning，and capacity-building. Such attempts are expected to provide advice for nursing educators to cultivate nursing students with excellent qualities such as ideals，warm-hearted，responsible，and hard-working.

Continuing Education

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Construction on the objectives and contents of emergency response ability training for nurses in “Internet plus Nursing Service” Program TAN Wenxuan, ZHANG Rong, ZHANG Lili, ZHU Jin, CHEN Yingtong, HONG Miaoxuan 2023, 20 (10):  1205-1211.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.010 Abstract ( 197 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (955KB) ( 22 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To construct the training objectives and contents of emergency response capability for nurses in “Internet plus Nursing Service” program，so as to provide references for the emergency training course. Methods The training draft of emergency response capability for nurses in “Internet plus Nursing Service” program was developed through literature research，interview and group discussion. From October to December 2022，a total of 22 experts from ten provinces were consulted by Delphi method，and the weights of indicators at all levels were determined by analytic hierarchy process. Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds were 92% and 96% respectively. The authority coefficient was 0.914，the Kendall harmony coefficient of the training objective was 0.185（P<0.001），and the Kendall harmony coefficient of the training content was 0.225（P<0.001） in the second round of consultation. In the final training system，training objectives consisted of six first-level indicators and 17 second-level indicators. Meanwhile，training contents consisted of five first-level indicators，13 second-level indicators and 36 third-level indicators. Conclusion The training objectives and contents of emergency response capability for nurses in “Internet plus Nursing Service” program reaches consensus from experts and enjoys high reliable，which can provide references for development of “Internet plus Nursing Service” program.

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A concept analysis of nurse leadership FANG Ying, ZHAO Kang, JIANG Xiaoman, ZHU Shuqin, XU Qin 2023, 20 (10):  1212-1216.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.011 Abstract ( 223 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (824KB) ( 18 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To analyze the definition and connotation of nurse leadership concepts，and provide reference for nurses to practice leadership. Methods Related literature on nurse leadership was systematically retrieved from CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL. The conceptual analysis method proposed by Walker and Avant was used to analyze the concept of nurse leadership. Results The definition of nurse leadership included clinical competencies，self-awareness，influence，and change management capability. The leading factors were demographic characteristics，education and training，and organizational empowerment. The consequence of nurse leadership were to promote their own development，improve patient satisfaction，enhance team cohesion，and promote the construction of nursing talents. The common measurement tools included the Chinese version of the Clinical Leadership Survey，the Chinese version of the Implementation Leadership Scale，and the Nurse Leadership Status Survey Questionnaire. Conclusion This study clarified the conceptual attributes of nurse leadership through conceptual analysis，which could provide reference for future related research and contribute to the construction of nurse leadership promotion programs.

Health Education

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Development and examination of Exercise Adherence Scale for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure SUN Aiping, DING Wen, WANG Fei, ZHANG Ziying, ZENG Meiling 2023, 20 (10):  1217-1222.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.012 Abstract ( 188 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (781KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop an exercise compliance scale for patients with chronic heart failure and examine its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the theory of planned behavior，the scale framework was drafted，and the item pool of the scale was preliminarily constructed through literature review and semi-structured interview. The initial scale was formed through expert letter consultation. A total of 342 patients with chronic heart failure were conveniently selected for investigation to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Exercise Adherence Scale for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure consisted of four dimensions with 30 items （cumulative variance contribution of 66.198%）. The total scale has an entry-level validity of 0.800—1.000，and a scale-level validity of 0.948. For reliability，the Cronbach’s α coefficient is 0.947，and the 2-week retest reliability was 0.943. Conclusion The exercise compliance scale for patients with chronic heart failure has good reliability and validity，and can be used to evaluate the exercise compliance level of patients with chronic heart failure.

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Summary of the best evidence for the management of insomnia in patients with Parkinsonism LI Yue, HOU Chaoming, GAO Jing, BAI Dingxi, CAI Mingjin, XIE Xuemei 2023, 20 (10):  1223-1228.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.013 Abstract ( 185 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (765KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To evaluate and summarize the relevant evidence for the management of insomnia in Parkinson’s patients，and provide evidence-based basis for formulating scientific and effective insomnia management programs for Parkinson’s patients. Methods We searched for clinical decisions，guidelines，expert consensus，evidence summary，recommended practices，and systematic reviews related to the management of insomnia in Parkinson’s patients in UpToDate，BMJ best practice，JBI evidence-based practice database，PubMed，Embase，CNKI，SinoMed，Wanfang and other Chinese and English data. The search period is from the establishment of the database to November 2022. Two authors evaluated the quality of the literature，extracted and summarized the evidence，and assessed the level of evidence for inclusion. Results Finally，14 articles were included，including 5 guidelines，3 expert consensuses，1 best practice，3 clinical decision-making，and 2 systematic reviews. Twenty best evidence was summarized from three aspects：assessment of insomnia risk factors and assessment tools，drug management，and non-drug management in Parkinson’s patients. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence on the management of insomnia in Parkinson’s patients，which can provide a reference for the practice of clinical medical staff. Medical staff should select the best evidence based on clinical reality and individual patient factors to guide Parkinson’s patients to improve insomnia and improve the quality of life.

Clinical Practice

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Visual analysis of evidence-based nursing practice research in China MA Lili 2023, 20 (10):  1229-1236.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.014 Abstract ( 252 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1158KB) ( 21 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective Through analyzing the relevant research published by Chinese scholars in recent years，the present study aims to understand the research hotspots and frontiers in the field of evidence-based nursing practice，so as to provide reference for future research. Methods The literature related to evidence-based nursing practice from 2001 to 2022 was searched from the Web of Science core collection database，CNKI Chinese core database and CSCD database. After that，software of CiteSpace was used to analyze the included literature. Results The number of literature published in this field was increasing，and the journal distribution was concentrated. Meanwhile，the distribution of authors was not concentrated，less cooperation was found between different institutions，and the research was relatively scattered. Research hotspots were mainly focused on evidence-based nursing theory，evidence generation，evidence application and evaluation，nursing management and nursing education. Besides，the focus groups were mainly involved the elderly，children，perinatal women，patients with chronic disease（including cancer，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases），and critically ill patients. Cancer patients，postnatal women，children，pain management，best evidence，evidence application and evidence review，self-management，safety，evidence-based nursing education and management will be frontier trends in the future. Conclusion Research on evidence-based nursing practice in China is not deep and systematic enough. Therefore，it is necessary to strengthen communication and cooperation between researchers and institutions，reinforce the evidence-based nursing education for healthcare providers，and improve the quality of evidence application.

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Experience of the spouses of pregnant women in participating in perinatal care：a meta-integration XIONG Yi, ZHANG Liuyi, HU Qiqi, WU Xiaoyu, ZHANG Dan 2023, 20 (10):  1237-1244.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.015 Abstract ( 138 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (998KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To systematically evaluate the qualitative research on the experience of spouses of pregnant women in participating in perinatal care，so as to provide reference for better nursing care in the future. Methods Cochrane Library，PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL，Embase，Scopus，CNKI，Wanfang，SinoMed，and VIP databases were systematically searched for qualitative studies on the experience of the spouses of pregnant women in participating in perinatal care from the date of databases’ establishment to October 11，2022. In this study，JBI Evidence-based Health Care Center qualitative research quality evaluation standard was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature，and Meta-integration method was used to integrate the research results. Results A total of 13 studies were included，all of which were Grade B level. Meanwhile，44 research results were extracted，and the similar results were summarized and combined into six new categories，which were integrated into three results namely，positive and negative experience of participating for the spouses of pregnant women，and obstacles for the spouses of pregnant women to participate in perinatal care. Conclusion The complicated emotional experience are founded for the spouses of pregnant women in participating in the perinatal care. Strategies are prospected based on the consideration of the national conditions in China and the health care environment in different regions，so as to ensure the effect of their participation in the implementation of perinatal health care.

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Quality appraisal of the frailty screening tools for cancer patients LIANG Ran, JIANG Qi, SHI Jiajing, HUANG Zheng, FANG Yifang, WU Weiwei 2023, 20 (10):  1245-1252.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.016 Abstract ( 170 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (853KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objectives To describe and evaluate the measurement properties of screening tools assessing the frailty for cancer patients，and to provide a reference for selecting screening tools. Methods CNKI，Wanfang database，VIP，PubMed，Embase（Ovid），CENTRAL，CINAHL，Web of Science，Scopus，PsycINFO databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the screening tools of assessing the frailty in cancer patients from their inception to May 24，2022. Two researchers screened articles and extracted data independently. Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments （COSMIN） risk of bias checklist and quality criteria were used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies and the measurement properties of the screening tools. The evidence rating of each measurement properties of the screening tools was evaluated by the modified grading of recommendation assessment，development of evaluation （GRADE），and the final recommendations were formulated based on the application evaluation of the screening tools. Results A total of 19 studies involving sixteen screening tools were included. None of the included screening tools was assessed cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance，criterion validity，measurement error or responsiveness. The included instruments were all rated as "moderate" or "low" in terms of quality of evidence and all tools’ level were B. The Geriatric-8 and abbreviated Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment were the more frequently validated tools. Conclusion The screening tools assessing frailty for cancer patients are diverse，but the overall quality of evidence is not high. The Geriatric-8 and abbreviated Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment have relatively good application potential and can be temporarily recommended for use. In the future，it is still necessary to further validate the properties，and introduce and develop localized frailty screening tools for cancer patients.

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Development and validation of a pressure injury risk scale for the home-based disabled elderly WU Xiaoru, YAN Qiaoyuan 2023, 20 (10):  1253-1260.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.017 Abstract ( 140 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1235KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop a scale of pressure injury risk assessment for the home-based disabled elderly and to examine its reliability and validity. Methods Following SHEL model，the item pool of the scale was established through literature review. The first draft of the scale was developed according to Delphi expert consultation. The convenient sampling method was used in collect data from 384 home-based disabled elderly. Statistical analysis was conducted through item analysis，reliability and validity test，subject work characteristic curve and risk classification. The content validity index was calculated according to the correlation score in expert consultation. Results The positive coefficients of experts（n=34） in the two rounds of correspondence were 97% and 100% respectively. The scale of care risk assessment for home-based disabled elderly with pressure injury included 14 items in four dimensions，namely individual characteristics，care environment，care support and appliance employment. Meanwhile，the authority coefficients were 0.86，and the Kendall coefficients were 0.272 and 0.240 respectively. The item-level content validity index was 0.82—1.00，and the scale-level content validity index was 0.94. Exploratory factor extracted four common factors，and the cumulative variance interpretation rate reached 78.900%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.825，and retest reliability of the scale was 0.854. The best critical value of the scale was 30 points. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve reached 0.916，where the risk score of 30—33 points for low risk，34—38 points for medium risk，and >38 points for high risk. Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity，and can be used for the assessment of the risk of pressure injury in the home-based disabled elderly，so as to provide the basis for improving the quality of care and reducing the incidence of stress injure for home-based disabled elderly.

Review

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Application and research progress of kangaroo mother care after neonatal surgery ZENG Zhaolan, SHI Zeyao, LI Xiaowen 2023, 20 (10):  1261-1265.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.018 Abstract ( 154 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (945KB) ( 16 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics Kangaroo mother care has been widely applied in neonates，though its application after neonatal surgery is still in the exploratory stage. This paper reviewed the application status of kangaroo mother care after neonatal surgery from the aspects of implementers，applicable objects，implementation points and security guarantee. The effects of stabilizing vital signs，preventing infection，promoting wound healing，reducing the risk of accidental extubation，relieving pain，accelerating the recovery of gastrointestinal function and promoting the development of nervous system were summarized. Besides，this paper analyzed the challenges faced by kangaroo mother care in the surgical field，and provided reference for relevant clinical practice.

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Research progress on fertility information needs and supportive intervention strategies of breast cancer patients of reproductive age WANG Qi, ZHAO Pei, ZHANG Hongmei, GUO Yuanzhi 2023, 20 (10):  1266-1270.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.019 Abstract ( 113 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (629KB) ( 15 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics At present，fertility information is the primary information demand of breast cancer patients of reproductive age，lack of fertility information is easy to lead to regretting in fertility decisions，affecting the fertility and quality of life of patients. In this paper，the research status of fertility information needs of breast cancer patients at reproductive age was reviewed，including the content of fertility information needs and information support intervention strategies. We aimed to provide reference for the construction of highly targeted fertility information support intervention programs for breast cancer patients at reproductive age.

Nursing Form

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Application and reflection of blended teaching based on Community of Inquiry framework in nursing undergraduate education YE Minghui, YAO Juan, SUN Yumei 2023, 20 (10):  1271-1275.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.020 Abstract ( 138 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (639KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper describes the community of inquiry model from the overall shape of the learning process，so as to guides educators and students in self-adjustment and management in blended learning and teaching. Through reviewing，this article summarized the development and connotation of the concept of community of inquiry，the logic of practice，application，reflections and recommendations in blended teaching and learning in undergraduate nursing systamically. The application of blended teaching based on community of inquiry in undergraduate nursing education should focus on the organic combination and linking of online and offline teaching，strengthening teachers’ sense of community of inquiry，and actively utilizing the collaborative potential of information technology to sublimate the connotation of blended teaching and promote the sustainable development of the nursing profession.

Overseas Knowledge

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The curriculum system and implications of the public health nurse in foreign countries HE Xin, YAO Qiuyi, XIE Chunqi, BAO Bin, LI Qiang, CAO Meijuan 2023, 20 (10):  1276-1280.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.10.021 Abstract ( 178 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (647KB) ( 18 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics This article introduces the curriculum system of foreign public health nurses from four aspects：curriculum objectives，content of curriculum，teaching methods，and graduation requirements. Especially，this paper focuses on the application of the public health intervention wheel model in foreign public health nurses’ curriculum，so as to provide a reference for the development of public health workforce in China.