Table of Content

20 February 2021, Volume 18 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Special Planning——Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges

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Standardization and guidance:development strategy,pathway,and core contents of Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges TANG Hong-mei 2021, 18 (2):  101-105.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.001 Abstract ( 402 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics To promote the modernization of nursing vocational education,it is imperative to revise the Teaching Standard for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges（TSNMHVC）. TSNMHVC is revised according to authoritative norms,with a clear scope of application and a scientific and rigorous revision process. Its core content highlights new ideas,new models,new paths and new mechanisms of nursing vocational education. TSNMHVC plays an important role in standardizing and guiding the training of nursing talents in higher vocational colleges in China,and provides the direction and basis for the construction of nursing vocational education system.

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Basis for developing the Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges:clinical demands and position setting GU Yan-hong,QIAO Jian-ge 2021, 18 (2):  106-110.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.002 Abstract ( 250 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (983KB) ( 8 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the current situation of nursing personnel demands and position setting,so as to provide a basis for development of the Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges. Methods A total of 101 medical institutions in China were selected according to their regional distribution. Questionnaires of Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges and the clinical demands of the core competence of nursing talents in higher vocational colleges were used for the survey. Results The average bed-nurse ratio of the investigated medical institutions was 1 : 0.59. The proportion of nursing staff with nursing associated degree accounted for 40.43%. The top two demands for nursing degree were associate and baccalaureate degree. The hospitals set up 81.47% of clinical nursing posts for higher vocational nursing students,and their satisfaction level with the theoretical knowledge,professional accomplishment and nursing operation skills for higher vocational nursing professionals was 27.7%,35.6% and 38.6% respectively. The first three requirements for the core competence of nursing are clinical practice competence,physical and mental adaptability and teamwork ability. The average score rates were 92.93%,92.62% and 90.08% respectively. Conclusion There is still a great demand for nursing staff in China. In clinical setting,higher vocational nursing staff are still the main force of hospital nursing team. Clinical nursing ability,physical and mental adaptability and team cooperation ability are the main requirements of clinical post core competence. The theoretical knowledge,professional quality and nursing operation skills of higher vocational nursing staff need to be improved.

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Basis for developing the Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges:current teaching status in higher vocational colleges XIE Da-ming,LI Chen-lei 2021, 18 (2):  111-116.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.003 Abstract ( 361 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (915KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the current teaching status of nursing in higher vocational colleges in China and the results can inform the development of the Teaching Standard for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges. Methods A total of 27 nursing schools of higher vocational colleges in China were selected by convenience sampling. A self-designed questionnaire which was developed according to the "schedule and requirements for the teaching standards in higher vocational colleges" was used to carry out the survey. Results Fifteen schools set their curriculum with the life cycle as the main line. The average total hours of nursing training were 3 188.30±279.99. The average number of full-time teachers was 47.59±24.35. The ratio of students to teachers was 34 : 1.Teachers with doctoral degree accounted for 2.97% of the total number of full-time teachers,while teachers with master degree accounted for 48.82%. The proportion of "double-qualified" teachers was 51.95%.Teachers with senior title accounted for 31.02%. The proportion of skill straining rooms for non-core courses such as Rehabilitation,Traditional Chinese Medicine,Psychiatry,and Psychological Nursing were less than 50%. Skills training rooms in 12 schools could be used for online teaching. Fifteen schools had online teaching platforms. Thirteen schools used third-party social agencies for teaching quality evaluation. Conclusion The curriculum,teaching contents and teaching hours of nursing specialty in 27 higher vocational colleges are quite different. There are still some limitations: the ratio of students to teachers is too high,teachers with doctoral degrees are absolutely insufficient,the proportion of "double-qualified" teachers is low,and the structure of professional titles is unreasonable. The construction of training rooms and information resources needs to be strengthened. The supervision of teaching quality in some schools lacks evaluation by the third party.

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Practice of deepening cooperation between colleges and enterprises of nursing specialty based on professional teaching standards QI Jun-ju,LIU Shan-li,YANG Hong,JIANG Ling-qun 2021, 18 (2):  117-120.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.004 Abstract ( 270 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (718KB) ( 9 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College deepens the cooperation between colleges and enterprises and cultivates nursing talents by taking the implementation of "Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges" as the starting point. Through the reform of the training model we intend to achieve the "three matchings" and develop the curriculum system with the integration of knowledge and practice. Through the implementation of certificate system such as "1+X" vocational skills,we intend to achieve mutual recognition these certificates. The colleges and enterprises construct the practice bases inside and outside the school and work on the training standards and processes together. All these measures are beneficial to cultivate skilled talents with high quality for the industry development.

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Advancement of higher vocational teaching reform in nursing by taking the implementation of the teaching standards of nursing specialty as an opportunity WU Li-rong,LIN Jie 2021, 18 (2):  121-124.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.005 Abstract ( 240 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (701KB) ( 3 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper introduced how Suzhou Vocational Health College did the teaching reform in nursing when implementing the “Teaching Standards for Nursing Major in Higher Vocational Colleges” set by the Ministry of Educaiton. Based on the clinical requirements and students’ needs,the college developed the medicine and education collaboration system,implemented the teaching reform,innovated the cultivation system of nursing humanity,and built the information platform.

Research Paper

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The effects of maker education applied in assisted teaching practice of Surgical Nursing in undergraduates WEI Mei-rong,WEN Li-fen,YAO Kun,TAO Dan,SHI Xi-xia 2021, 18 (2):  125-129.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.006 Abstract ( 257 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (870KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effects of the maker education in assisted teaching practice of Surgical Nursing in undergraduates. Methods Students in two classes were randomly selected and assigned to the experimental group or the control group. Maker education was carried out in 54 students of the experimental group. Contents of the maker education were consisted of 7 aspects including story introduction,simple task simulation,key points explanation,comprehensive task simulation,innovation guidance,task completion,and works demonstration. The 52 students in the control group were guided to practice the skills in the lab room. Contents included teaching,group practice,tour teaching,assessment,and summary. At the end of the course,two groups of students were assessed for their practical skills. Besides,the Test of Creative Imagination and the evaluation form were used to evaluate the effects of the maker education. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the skill performance of students in two groups（P>0.05）. The creative thinking score of students in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Students in the experimental group gave an average score of（4.18±0.13） for their teaching evaluation. Conclusion Maker education can improve the creative thinking of nursing undergraduates,and the method is also recognized by most students.

Nursing Education

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Development of nursing specialty group in higher vocational colleges from the perspective of healthy China XIA Li-ping,XU Zhi-ping,LÜ Ying,GUO Ling-ling,WEI Zhi-ming,WANG Chun-tao,HE Shu-zhi,BIAN Long-yan 2021, 18 (2):  130-133.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.007 Abstract ( 382 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (887KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics With the implementation of the "double high" program in higher vocational colleges and the increasing demands for health care service with the rapid development of large health industry,Jiangsu Medical Vocational College actively explores the development strategy of nursing specialty group. A series of reform are conducted in the following aspects including talent cultivation system,curriculum system of specialty group,and integration platform of production,teaching,research,innovation and training. This paper summarized the experiences of specialty group development to provide reference for other nursing specialty group development in other colleges.

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Testing the psychometric properties of the role-play rubric for nursing undergraduates WANG Rui,SUI Shu-jie 2021, 18 (2):  134-137.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.008 Abstract ( 281 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1166KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To design the role-play rubric and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods Literature review,classroom observation and content analysis were used to analyze and refine the initial evaluation dimensions and evaluation methods. Then a role-play rubric consultation questionnaire was prepared. Delphi technique was used to conduct two-round letter consultation among 24 experts. The role-play rubric was distributed to the 11 role-play videos of the undergraduates of grade 2018 and invite 6experts to use the rubric to conduct assessment. The reliability was tested by using the consistency among evaluators. Content validity index was used for validity evaluation by inviting 24 experts. Results The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation are 92.3% and 100% respectively,the Cr was 0.89. The Kendall’s W in the second round of “evaluation dimensions” and “evaluation criteria” were 0.466 and 0.469 respectively. The final role-play rubric included 5 dimensions,4 levels,and the corresponding evaluation criteria. The results of the reliability and validity test of the rubric showed that the consistency of the expert score was 0.832~0.962,the S-CVI was 0.99. Conclusion The design process of role-play rubric is scientific and the content setting is reasonable. The rubric shows good reliability and validity,which can provide reference for the implementation and evaluation of role-play teaching method.

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A survey on core competence and its influencing factors among graduates of master of nursing specialist GUO Ai-min,HOU Jin,ZHANG Qian-qian,YU Jie,TANG Ling 2021, 18 (2):  138-142.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.009 Abstract ( 306 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (612KB) ( 8 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the core competence in graduates of master of nursing specialist（MNS） in China. Methods A purposive sampling method was used to recruit 210 registered nurses who graduated from MNS programs in 38 nursing schools in Mainland China. The socio-demographics questionnaire and the MNS Core Competence Self-rating Scale were used. Results The total mean score of core competence of the MNS graduates was（3.29±0.50）. The average scores of all dimensions were（3.53±0.54）for ethical decision-making,（3.37±0.52） for leadership and cooperation,（3.32±0.57）for evidence-based research,（3.26±0.57） for clinical practice,（3.08±0.73） for guidance and consultation,respectively. The type of working organizations,working years and work experience before their studying in graduate schools were influencing factors of core competence of MNS graduates（P<0.05）,which could explain 14.0% of the total variability. Conclusion Findings indicate that the core competence of MNS graduates is at a medium and high level generally. Moreover,the findings of this study highlight that both leaders and educational institutes need to further improve the clinical practice abilities,guidance and consultation abilities of MNS graduates.

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Self-directed learning ability and its associated factors of nursing students in a higher vocational college during online learning at home XIANG Yue,HONG Xia,ZHANG Jing,CHEN Ya-ling,ZHENG Zhen-yang 2021, 18 (2):  143-148.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.010 Abstract ( 335 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (731KB) ( 8 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the status and its associated factors of self-directed learning ability of nursing students in a higher vocational college during online learning at home under the background of “class suspended with ongoing teaching and learning”. Methods A total of 1 943 nursing students were investigated by the general questionnaire,self-directed learning instrument,individual and environmental factors questionnaire in a higher vocational college. Results The score of self-directed learning ability of the nursing students was 68.87±9.75. Individual factors,attitude towards nursing,environmental factors,student leader or not,specialty,and grade all entered into the regression model,which could account for 59.3% of total variance. Conclusion The self-directed learning ability of nursing students in a higher vocational college confined at home was on the medium level. Their self-directed learning ability was influenced by many factors among which the individual factors were the most main factor.

Clinical Teaching

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A qualitative study of the admission criteria and core competence expectancy on clinical instructors by pediatric postgraduates with Master of Nursing Specialist LI Wen-jing,YIN Hua-ying,ZHOU Ya-ting,TAN Ju-dan 2021, 18 (2):  149-153.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.011 Abstract ( 306 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (652KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the admission criteria and core competence expectancy on clinical instructors by pediatric postgraduates with Master of Nursing Specialist. Methods Using the purposive sampling method,semi-structured interviews were conducted among 13 full-time pediatric postgraduates with MNS from 2015 to 2018 in a Grade Ⅲ children’s hospital in Chongqing. The interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s method. Results Five themes emerged from the data including comprehensive balance of the four elements of admission,professional clinical competence,attaching importance to clinical teaching ability,positive influence of personality cultivation,improvement of nursing research abilities. Conclusion Pediatric postgraduates with Master of Nursing Specialist have high requirements for the academic qualifications, professional titles,clinical experience, and teaching experience of clinical teachers. They are expected to have high clinical ability,clinical teaching ability, positive influence of personality cultivation and nursing research ability. It can provide the basis for the selection,cultivation,and assessment of clinical teachers.

Continuing Education

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The effects of a phased training with four topics approach on practically ethical ability of new nurses LU Xiao-li,XU Jing,JIN Yan-yan,Wu Hai-ying,CUI Fei-fei,DU Jin-kan 2021, 18 (2):  154-158.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.012 Abstract ( 380 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1188KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effects of a phased training with four topics approach on practically ethical ability of new nurses. Methods A total of 97 new nurses who joined in the hospital in 2016 for standardized training were recruited and four topics approach was used for the ethical training.A table was developed with four themes of nursing ethics,including medical adaptability,patient selection,quality of life,and situational characteristics. In the first stage,the basic theoretical knowledge of nursing ethics and concepts of four topics were taught. In the second stage,group discussion was conducted guided by the table with flipped classroom and PBL method. In the third stage,clinical cases and nursing problems were analyzed using the table. The changes of the theoretical knowledge scores and practically ethical ability were compared pre-training and post-training. Results The theoretical score of post-training（77.14±22.26） was significantly higher than that of the pre-training（38.47±20.51）（t=15.89,P<0.001）. There were no significant differences regarding the practically ethical ability scores in phases 2 and phase 1（P=0.146）. However,the score of phase 3 was significantly higher than those of phase 1 and 2（P<0.001）.Conclusion The approach of four topics can improve the ethical awareness,ethical decision-making ability and practical nursing service ability of new nurses.

Clinical Practice

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The effects of modified indwelling bubble technique on the extravasation of intramuscular injection of medicine LIN Yu-qing,YE Zhi-xue,ZHENG Ding-feng,XU Qin-hong 2021, 18 (2):  159-162.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.013 Abstract ( 374 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (609KB) ( 6 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effects of the practice of modified indwelling bubble technique on the spillover of intramuscular injection. Methods A randomized controlled trial was adopted to select 359 patients who were injected intramuscularly in the outpatient injection room,and were divided into three groups:120 cases in the experimental group,120 cases in the control group 1,and 119 cases in the control group 2. The experimental group used modified indwelling bubble technique,the control group 1 used indwelling bubble technique,and the control group 2 used conventional intramuscular injection. The spillover situation of the intramuscular injection of the three groups of patients was observed among these three groups. Results The drug extravasation rate of the modified indwelling bubble technique in the experimental group was 13.3%,which was lower than that of the control group 1 and the control group 2（ χ2=10.847,P<0.05）. Conclusion The improved indwelling bubble technique can reduce the spillover of intramuscular injections. The suitable position for the indwelling bubble technique is the lateral position.

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The influencing factors of pregnant women’s delivery intention in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer WANG Min,CHEN Dan,HU Su-wen,CHENG Hua-yan,BAO Yi-min,TANG Shi 2021, 18 (2):  163-167.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.014 Abstract ( 247 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (679KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To understand the intention of delivery mode of pregnant women with in vitro fertilization- embryo transfer（IVF-EF） and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From April 2019 to June 2020,general information questionnaire,Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale,and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were used to investigate the delivery mode intentions of 215 pregnant women in a reproductive hospital in Changsha. Results Among the 215 pregnant women with IVF-EF,101（47.0%） were intended to give birth naturally,and 114（53.0%） tended to be delivered by cesarean section. Logistic regression analysis showed that age,parity,self-regulated fatigue,and negative coping had an impact on the delivery method intention of IVF-EF pregnant women. Conclusion The intention of delivery methods of pregnant women is affected by many factors. Nursing staff should adopt enhanced cognitive and psychological intervention to avoid self-regulation fatigue,change negative coping styles,and encourage patients to correctly recognize and choose natural delivery. It has a certain positive significance in reducing the rate of cesarean section.

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Cardiac rehabilitation knowledge and its influencing factors of patients with coronary heart disease YANG La-mei,LUO Shi-lan,YANG Si-yu,TIAN Meng-ying 2021, 18 (2):  168-172.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.015 Abstract ( 368 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (665KB) ( 4 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the cardiac rehabilitation（CR） related knowledge and analyze its influencing factors among patients with coronary heart disease（CHD）. Methods A total of 220 patients with CHD from August 2019 to May 2020 in a hospital and CR center in Chongqing were recruited and investigated using the general information questionnaire and the short version of the Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire. Results The total CR knowledge score of patients with CHD was（13.35±4.62）. Different residence,comorbidity,degree of education,and time of CR participation were the influencing factors of CR knowledge level of patients（P<0.05）,which can explain 62.5% of the total variable. Conclusion The score of CR knowledge in patients with CHD is at a medium level. Medical staff should design individualized CR health education plan comprehensively considering the patient’s residence,comorbidity,educational level and CR participation time,so as to improve the participation of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with CHD.

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The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between social support and psychological resilience in liver transplant recipients GUO Li-min,LI Le-zhi,LU Yan-fang,WEN Sha-li 2021, 18 (2):  173-177.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.016 Abstract ( 315 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (744KB) ( 3 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the relationship between social support,self-efficacy and psychological resilience in liver transplantation recipients. Methods A total of 162 liver transplant recipients in our organ transplant center were investigated with General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES）,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC）and Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）. Results The scores of CD-RISC,SSRS and GSES were（65.28±16.57）,（42.01±8.11）and（2.66±0.64）respectively. The score of CD-RISC is positively correlated with SSRS（r=0.446,P<0.01） and GSES（r=0.678,P<0.01）. Self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between social support and psychological resilience,with the mediating effect accounting for 55.85% of the total effect. Conclusion The psychological resilience of liver transplantation recipients were in the middle level while social support in the lower level,and social support and self-efficacy were positive predictors of psychological resilience. Social support can directly or indirectly affect the mental resilience of liver transplant recipients through self-efficacy. Clinical medical staff should take effective measures to improve the social support and self-efficacy level of liver transplant recipients,so as to improve their psychological resilience

Review

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Research progress on nursing innovation competence HU Wan-ting,JIANG Yan,WANG Yin,YU Yun-hong,YAN Jian-jun,XI Xin-xue,LIU Yang 2021, 18 (2):  178-181.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.017 Abstract ( 423 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (548KB) ( 5 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper introduced the definition,influencing factors,related theories,evaluation instrument and cultivate methods of nursing innovation competence at home and abroad. Problems were summarized in the research and application of nursing innovation competence.Suggestions were proposed considering the foreign experience and clinical practice,so as to provide reference for the improvement of nursing innovation competence in China.

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Nursing research culture:research status and implications MA Ke-ke,GUO Yuan-li,YANG Cai-xia 2021, 18 (2):  182-186.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.018 Abstract ( 273 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (593KB) ( 1 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics This review summarized the concepts and elements,measurement tools and intervention methods of nursing research culture. Suggestions and implications are proposed for the clinical nursing research culture including appropriate concept that nursing leaders should have,awareness and ability of nursing leaders on nursing research culture,cooperation with nursing schools,and the right position set for scientific researchers.

Exploration and Debate

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The interpretation and its use method of a tool of risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions MA Pei-fen,LI Ling-ling,DOU Xin-man 2021, 18 (2):  187-192.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.02.019 Abstract ( 798 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (741KB) ( 2 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics With the development of evidence-based nursing and the wide application of non-randomized interventional studies,nursing researchers need to evaluate the risk of bias and overall quality of the research to improve the quality of evidence. Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions（ROBINS-I）is a recommended bias risk assessment tool for non-randomized interventional studies. This article explains the ROBINS-I item by item and demonstratively evaluates the bias risk of two non-randomized studies of nursing intervention to help nursing researchers correctly use the tool and improve the quality of nursing research.