Table of Content

15 January 2023, Volume 20 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Special Topics —— Ideological and Political Theory Education

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Interpretation of the“Guideline for Ideological and Political Education of Nursing Professional Courses” AN Libin,LI Xiaohua,YUE Tong,CHEN Hua,SUN Hongyu 2023, 20 (1):  10-14.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.001 Abstract ( 642 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (944KB) ( 55 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics To effectively implement the “Guideline for Ideological and Political Education of Nursing Professional Courses” and to guide the development of ideological and political education in nursing professional courses in colleges and universities across the country，the Guiding Committee of Nursing Professional Teaching in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education developed the “Guideline for Ideological and Political Education of Nursing Professional Courses”（“Guideline” was used in the following part） according to the requirements of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education. In this paper，we interpreted the contents of each part of the Guideline and the key points during the implementation. The interpretation is believed to help majority of nursing teachers and administrators better use this Guideline in nursing professional education and teaching，and combine ideological and political teaching with professional teaching to cultivate high-quality nursing talents.

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Reform and practical path exploration on nursing ideological and political curriculum XU Guihua,BAI Yamei,HUANG Fang,YAN Shuxia,SUN Rong,WANG Aihong,SUN Zhiling,JIN Shengji,KANG Jian 2023, 20 (1):  15-18.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.002 Abstract ( 305 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (676KB) ( 24 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics In order to implement the spirit of the Ministry of Education on the ideological and political theory education in higher education and promote the reform of ideological and political theory teaching of nursing courses，School of Nursing of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine guided teachers to concentrate on the main battlefield of curriculum construction，strengthen the main channel of classroom teaching，do a good job in the top-level design of ideological and political theory education，from the seven aspects of internalizing curriculum ideological and political ideas，clarifying curriculum ideological and political objectives，establishing curriculum ideological and political system，standardizing curriculum ideological，political documents，enriching curriculum ideological and political forms，constructing ideological and political theory education case base and the design of curriculum ideological and political evaluation methods，we constructed curriculum ideological and political education system and innovated curriculum ideological and political education mechanism，kept same direction of knowledge transfer and value guidance，kept same frequency resonance between curriculum ideological and political and professional objectives，to cultivate professional，affectionate and responsible first-level nursing talents，form a number of landmark achievements，and provide references for curriculum ideological and political reform.

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The design and practice of ideological and political theory education in the course of Nursing Research focused on student development WANG Zhiwen,LIU Congying,WU Xue 2023, 20 (1):  19-23.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.003 Abstract ( 299 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (914KB) ( 32 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics To achieve the educational goals of the curriculum，we designed and practiced of the ideological and political theory education in the course of Nursing Research focused on student development. On the basis of clarifying the focus and objectives of the ideological and political theory education，strengthening the consensus of team values and ability of the ideological and political theory education，we developed the trinity of ideological and political theory education resource by integrating typical cases，expending resources and practical platforms. We also explored the ideological and political elements in each content module，comprehensively applied methods of online learning，case-based learning，story teaching，anchored instruction，project learning，cooperative learning，scenario simulation，heuristic review and extended learning to organically integrate the ideological and political theory education into multi-modality teaching activities. After two rounds of teaching practice，we have promoted the integration of resources between hospitals and universities，and created the main field of innovative capacity cultivation，which effectively improved students’ literacy and competency，stimulated innovative practice activities. Our teaching concept has radiated to the whole country，showing the role of demostration and leading role.

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Design and practice of ideological and political theory education in Nursing Management using the blended teaching model WANG Lin,ZHANG Yuanyuan,ZHANG Yaqing 2023, 20 (1):  24-28.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.004 Abstract ( 300 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (895KB) ( 31 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the design and practice of ideology and political theory education in Nursing Management using the blended teaching model. Methods A total of 74 nursing undergraduates in their fourth year were recruited. The course ideological and political were carried out in Nursing Management course using the blended teaching model. The main aspects were：①formulating the objectives of the course ideological and political theory education；②exploring the ideological and politics elements of professional courses （political identity，national sentiment，moral literacy，cultural literacy，rule of law literacy，and professional literacy） from 3 levels of knowledge points，social hot issues，and values；③constructing a library of ideological and political cases；④the integration of “course” and “ideological and political theory education” was carried out through case teaching，video clip introduction，tawdry teaching，contextual simulation teaching and group discussion；⑤ideological and political theory education were integrated into the online learning tasks，and ⑥being conducted in the form of “one case per lesson” offline. The teaching effects were evaluated through questionnaire survey and timely feedback analysis. Results More than 90% of the students thought that the teaching “can realize the organic unity of professional education and ideological education” and “can realize the enlightenment and value guidance for students’ thoughts”. The word cloud analysis of students’ timely teaching feedback showed consistence with the ideological and political objectives of the corresponding teaching contents. Conclusion The ideological and political theory education of Nursing Management has satisfactory effects. It achieves the same direction of professional knowledge and course thought politics，and promotes the organic unity of knowledge transfer and value leadership.

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Ideological and political teaching design of the course Adult Nursing DENG Ying,WU Ying 2023, 20 (1):  29-33.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.005 Abstract ( 288 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (898KB) ( 24 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Based on the important instructions on curriculum ideological and political construction announced by the Ministry of Education and the “Guideline for Ideological and Political Education of Nursing Professional Courses”，this study formulated representative ideological and political objectives of Adult Nursing and excavated the knowledge in the course. The ideological and political elements of the curriculum were proposed，and the specific implementation process of the ideological and political curriculum and the effect evaluation process of the ideological and political curriculum were expounded. We aimed to form a curriculum ideological and political teaching system with breadth，temperature and depth. Value shaping，knowledge transfer and ability training were integrated to improve the quality of nursing personnel training.

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Design and application of the ideological and political theory education in the Course of Practice of Nursing Fundamentals LI Yuli,ZOU Lingyan,WANG Yaqi,GAO Jie,WANG Kefang 2023, 20 (1):  34-38.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.006 Abstract ( 339 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1101KB) ( 27 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the design and application effects of the ideological and political theory education in the course of Practice of Nursing Fundamentals. Methods Based on the nursing undergraduate training objectives，the ideological and political teaching methods including the teaching objective system，the ideological and political elements module and the six pathways of ideological and political elements collection were systemically built up. The teaching methods were then applied to the nursing undergraduates in the class of 2020. Seventy reflective diaries were analyzed by qualitative evaluation method，and the overall teaching effect was evaluated by using the electronic questionnaire online survey. Results The themes most reflected by students were the responsibility of rescuing the dying，the sense of professional value，the sense of safety，the feelings of family and country，and the spirit of dedication. Teaching evaluation results showed that the ideological and political teaching objectives of the course have been effectively achieved with a satisfaction score of 9.09±1.08 among the students. Conclusion The systematically designed curriculum ideological and political education could effectively cultivate the nursing students.

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Design and practice of the ideological and political theory education for Nursing Humanistic Care WEN Xi,YANG Xiyu,WANG Yaling,LI Huiling,TIAN Li,MENG Hongyan,WU Yin,ZHANG Fang,SUN Hongyu 2023, 20 (1):  39-43.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.007 Abstract ( 296 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (868KB) ( 24 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics The design and practice of nursing education aimed to implement the Ministry of Education’s Guideline of the Ideological and Political Curriculum Construction in Higher Education Institutions. The courses should strengthen the construction of the ideological and political theory education in colleges and universities by implementing the fundamental task of educating people with moral values. This paper took the design and practice of the ideological and political theory education for Nursing Humanistic Care course as the example. We fully exploited the elements contained in the course，and explored the diversified teaching methods of the ideological and political theory education both inside and outside the classroom. Hopefully references for the exploration and innovation of the ideological and political education of the nursing profession can be provided through our practice.

Research Paper

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Construction of the eHealth Literacy Self-rating Scale for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus JIANG Feng,HUANG Jin 2023, 20 (1):  44-48.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.008 Abstract ( 264 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (707KB) ( 16 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To develop the eHealth Literacy Self-rating Scale for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus，so as to provide an assessment tool for eHealth literacy assessment in diabetes patients. Methods An initial items of the eHealth Literacy Self-rating Scale were constructed through literature review and qualitative interview with diabetes patients. Then，two rounds expert consultations were conducted among 18 experts using Delphi technique to determine the items of the scale. Results Expert response rate in the first and second round was 100%（18/18） and 83%（15/18），the authority coefficient rate was 0.88 and 0.89. In the two rounds of expert consultation，the coefficients of variation of items were 0~0.52 and 0.05~0.13 respectively. The eHealth Literacy Self-rating Scale for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus consisted of 4 dimensions and 27 items. The 4 dimensions were functional eHealth literacy，communicative eHealth literacy，critical eHealth literacy and transformational eHealth literacy. Conclusion The eHealth Literacy Self-rating Scale for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus developed by Delphi method is highly reliable. It can be served as an assessment tool to evaluate the eHealth literacy level of diabetes patients.

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Best evidence-based practice for promoting bowel preparation before colonoscopy in hospitalized patients CAO Qiujun,QI Birong,SUN Yi,SHI Lirong,ZHANG Wen,YU Zhenghong 2023, 20 (1):  49-55.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.009 Abstract ( 216 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (924KB) ( 18 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To implement the best evidence of bowel preparation for colonoscopy in hospitalized patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of the evidence-based nursing protocol. Methods The process consisted of 4 steps including evidence acquisition，baseline evaluation，evidence introduction，and effect evaluation. An interrupted time series design was used to compare the effects of the evidence of bowel preparation before colonoscopy by medical staff before the practice（December 2019—May 2020） and after the practice（September 2020—November） on knowledge，performance rate of pre-colonoscopy bowel preparation review index and colonoscopy one-time success rate. Results We finally included 7 pieces of evidence in protocol. The score of evidence on bowel preparation for colonoscopy in medical staff increased from（73.49±6.50） to （80.88±6.27）（t=5.37，P<0.01）. The one-time success rate of colonoscopy increased from 95.54% to 97.61%（ χ2=1.33，P=0.25）. Conclusion The evidence-based practice can improve the performance of medical staff and standardize the process of bowel preparation.

Nursing Education

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Reform and practice of the examination mode of practical training in Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing LI Nannan,LIU Wei,YIN Yuxuan 2023, 20 (1):  56-59.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.010 Abstract ( 207 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (557KB) ( 14 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the practical effect of the reform of undergraduate nursing training assessment in Traditional Chinese Medicine，so as to provide reference for improving the assessment method of nursing training in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods From March 2020 to July 2020，102 sophomore nursing undergraduates from two teaching classes of Grade 2018 were selected by convenient sampling method to carry out two practical training assessments of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing，including changing perspective and feedback，objection appeal and summary internalization. After the two training assessments，semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 students to understand their feelings and views on the reformed assessment methods. Results Six experience feedbacks were summarized，namely correct assessment attitude，obvious willingness to pay attention to their own operation，increased sense of benefit for students，lack of preparation time for changing perspectives，inadequate attitude of evaluators，and insufficient guidance from clinical teachers. Conclusion The practical training and assessment methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing bring different experiences to students. According to participants’ feedback，researchers should pay attention to the aspects that need to be improved in the teaching inspection method and adopt suggestions that are beneficial to the improvement of teaching quality，which can perfect the examination mode of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing practice of the examination mode.

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Cross-temporal meta-analysis of professional identity of nursing undergraduates in China from 2006 to 2020 DU Yuchen,YANG Qiaoju,ZHAO Huifang,MA Mengyuan 2023, 20 (1):  60-63.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.11 Abstract ( 199 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (617KB) ( 16 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To analyze the changing trend of professional identity level of nursing undergraduates in China from 2006 to 2020. Methods Databases including CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to May 2022 were comprehensively searched to collect Investigation on professional identity of nursing students in China. The data of publication year，survey year，sample size，scores of professional identity and each dimension were extracted. The cross-temporal Meta-analysis method was used to analyze the characteristics of professional identity and its dimension over time of nursing undergraduates in China. Results Year has a significant predictive effect on nursing undergraduates’ professional knowledge and professional expectation（P<0.05）. Year has no significant predictive effect on professional identity，professional emotion，professional will，professional values and professional skills. Compared with 2006，in 2020，the professional knowledge of nursing undergraduates increased by 0.831 standard deviation，with the large effect. Professional expectation dropped by 0.535 standard deviation，and the drop was in the middle effect. Conclusion From 2006 to 2020，the professional knowledge of undergraduate nursing students in China tends to be good，but it is still necessary to pay attention to the professional identity of nursing students and improve their professional expectations in the future.

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Reform of theory and practice integration in Health Assessment in nursing specialty of a higher vocational college LIN Wei,HONG Xia,FANG Fengzhen,ZHANG Jing,LI Dongxiu,XIANG Yue,CHEN Tingyu,LIN Yazhu 2023, 20 (1):  64-67.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.012 Abstract ( 199 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (703KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effects of theory and practice integration in Health Assessment in a higher vocational college. Methods Nursing students of a university were recruited. Students in the experimental group（n=202） received integration of theory and practice teaching，and students in the control group（n=205） received the traditional teaching. The students’ performance and autonomous learning ability were compared. Results The online test，work report，online learning time，classroom discussion，final training score，final theory score and general evaluation of students in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The self-learning ability of nursing students in the experimental group（122.51±7.26） was significantly higher than that in the control group（88.06±9.16）（t=28.142，P<0.001）. Conclusion The application of theory and practice integration in the teaching of Health Assessment is helpful to improve the theoretical achievement，practical operation ability and self-learning ability of nursing students in higher vocational colleges.

Clinical Teaching

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Application of brain anatomy visualization tool in neurosurgery clinical nursing teaching ZHUANG Hongxia,JING Xiaolei,WANG Xueqi,XU Hao,CHEN Peng,SUN Fang,LI Juan 2023, 20 (1):  68-72.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.013 Abstract ( 211 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (921KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the application effect of brain anatomy visualization tool in neurosurgery clinical nursing teaching. Methods In our study，the quasi-experimental method was adopted. According to the time sequence，30 nursing students who entered the department of neurosurgery for practice from July 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the control group，and another 30 nursing students practiced from April 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the observation group. Students in the observation group were taught with brain anatomy visualization tools，while students in the control group were taught with traditional teaching methods. After five weeks of teaching training，the differences between the two groups of practice nurses（referred to as nursing students） in the assessment result，training effect and training satisfaction were compared. Results The scores of craniocerebral anatomy，disease diagnosis，condition observation，specialized nursing ability and total score were higher in the observation group than that in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The number of cases with high satisfaction in training form，teaching quality，learning efficiency and teaching novelty in the observation group was more than that in the control group，with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion Teaching using brain anatomy visualization tools enable nursing students to grasp the theoretical knowledge of neurosurgery quickly and effectively. In addition，it can stimulate the nursing students’ learning interest and innovative thinking，and improve teaching effect and satisfaction.

Continuing Education

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Application of experiential learning theory in ophthalmic specialty nurse training HU Jinping,LIU Jun,CHEN Wei,WANG Linlin,ZHANG Ting,LI Siqi,LIU Zheng 2023, 20 (1):  73-75.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.014 Abstract ( 227 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (532KB) ( 16 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics As the training base for ophthalmic specialty nurses of the Chinese Nursing Association，Peking University Third Hospital set training goals according to the training manual for ophthalmic specialist talents and Bloom’s teaching objectives. Besides，we designed theoretical teaching content based on the needs of trainees and the characteristics of the base. In implementation，based on experiential learning theory，medical and nursing diagnosis and treatment training methods were applied to strengthen "concrete experience"，and workshops were employed to promote "reflective observation". Besides，application project teaching was used to "abstract conceptualization"，and case analysis and discussion were applied to "active experimentation". The 15 trainees who passed the training session scored （97.50±2.67） points，with（96.33±0.47） in operational scores，（91.62±2.00） in case scores，and（90.88±1.64） in lecture scores respectively. Meanwhile，the satisfaction of the trainees with the teaching management，teaching content and teachers was 90.08%，96.28% and 96.56% respectively. The trainees have excellent grades and are highly satisfied with the teaching of the base.

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A survey of nurses’ knowledge，learning needs，and management attitudes toward cardio-oncology JIA Jingjing,CAI Yingjie,CAO Shengnan,HUANG Chuhan,SHI Tieying 2023, 20 (1):  76-81.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.015 Abstract ( 159 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (710KB) ( 13 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of nurses’ knowledge level，learning needs and management attitude toward cardio-oncology. Methods A total of 393 nurses with experience in cancer and/or heart disease nursing were selected as participants through convenience sampling. The self-designed Questionnaire of Nurses’ Learning Needs and Management Attitude towards Cancer and Heart Disease was used for investigation. Results The correct rate of 393 nurses’ knowledge about cardio-oncology was low. Only three of the 10 questions reached a correct rate of more than 60%. The scores of nurses’ learning needs and management attitude were（20.56±3.21） and（21.67±3.00），respectively. Univariate analysis showed that nurses in different departments and working experiences had different knowledge levels of cardio-oncology（P<0.05）. Nurses worked in different hospital types，professional titles，work experience，and cardio-oncology services or facilities in their hospitals had different learning needs（P<0.05）. Nurses with different educational backgrounds，work experience，and cardio-oncology services or facilities in their hospitals held different management attitudes（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses hold a strong demand for knowledge education，whose knowledge level of cardio-oncology needs to be improved. Nursing managers should strengthen the training of nurses in the management of cardio-oncology，popularize relevant theoretical knowledge to further improve the nursing quality of clinical nurses.

Health Education

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Application of a structured health education program in self-management of young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke XIA Yuting,HE Caiyun,WU Xuemei,CAO Fei,LIU Na,MA Lin 2023, 20 (1):  82-86.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.016 Abstract ( 193 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (756KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To explore the effect of a structured health education program in self-management of young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke. Methods From August to December 2021，young and middle-aged ischemic stroke patients hospitalized in two wards of the Department of Neurology，a tertiary care hospital in Hunan Province were recuited as the participants and divided into the experimental group（n=30） and the control group（n=28）. A structured health education program for young and middle-aged ischemic stroke patients was implemented in the experimental group，including health education content on the theme of understanding stroke，how to establish a healthy lifestyle，medication guidance and regular follow-up combined with patient brochures，small videos，wall charts and other tools. Meanwhile，the routine health education program in neurology was implemented for the control group，including in-hospital guidance and weekly health education advocacy session. participats’ admission，one and three months after discharge，the stroke self-management behavior rating scale was used to evaluate the effect. Results There was an interaction effect between self-management behavior groups and time in both groups（F=28.520，P<0.001），and simple effect analysis showed that the self-management level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group three months after discharge（P<0.05）. There were interaction effects between groups and time in the dimension of disease management（F=13.290，P<0.001），safe medication management（F=4.073，P=0.022），diet management（F=9.656，P<0.001），and rehabilitation exercise ma-nagement（F=5.204，P=0.009） in both groups. Besides，simple effect analysis showed that the diet management scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at one and three months after discharge（P<0.05），and the disease management，safe medication management and rehabilitation exercise management scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at three months after discharge（P<0.05）. Conclusion The structured education program applied to young and middle-aged stroke patients can improve their self-management behaviors and promote their management of diseases，safe medication，diet，and rehabilitation exercises.

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Evidence summary of exercise training for adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea MENG Shujing,ZHANG Qiang,CHENG Shuai,GENG Xiaoting,HU Zelin,WU Meixuan,QIN Dianju 2023, 20 (1):  87-92.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.017 Abstract ( 222 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (746KB) ( 15 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective Summarize the best evidence of exercise training in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods The relative literatures of BMJ，JBI，Cochrane Library，PubMed，GIN，NGC，NICE，Web of Science，CINAHL，CNKI，SinoMed，Wanfang，Medlive were retrieved in exercise training from the establishment of the databases to December 2021 for adult patients with OSA. Clinical guidelines，expert consensus，systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials were included. The quality of literature was evaluated，classified，and summarized by literature quality evaluation criteria and evidence grading system of JBI evidence-based health care centers. Results In total，nine articles were included，including three guidelines，three systematic reviews and three randomized controlled trials. Fifteen pieces of evidence were summarized in six areas，namely applicable population，exercise type，exercise frequence and time，exercise intensity，exercise principle，and quality control. Conclusion The evidence summarization process of this study is specific，comprehensive and scientific，and can provide guidance for exercise intervention in adult patients with OSA. Meanwhile，medical staffs should fully consider the differences between domestic and overseas in medical service systems，values and cultures，as well as patients’ own conditions to develop personalized exercise training programs when applying evidence.

Clinical Practice

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Evidence summary for prevention and nursing of enterostomy necrosis CAI Mingjin,GAO Jing,BAI Dingxi,CHEN Huan,ZHU Lin,WANG Wei,LU Xianying 2023, 20 (1):  93-97.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.018 Abstract ( 229 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (755KB) ( 27 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To retrieve，evaluate and summarize the relevant evidence of prevention and care of stoma necrosis in patients with enterostomy，so as to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing practice. Methods Relevant clinical decision-making，guidelines，expert consensus，summary of evidence，recommended practices，and systematic review related to the prevention and care of enterostomy necrosis in the Chinese and English databases were retrieved including UpToDate，JBI，PubMed，CNKI，SinoMed，Wanfang，etc.. The retrieval time limit was set from establishment of the database to January，2022. Two researchers have evaluated，extracted and summarized the literature，and assessed the level of evidence. Results A total of nine literatures were included，including four guidelines，one clinical decision，one evidence summary，one recommended practice and two systematic reviews. Through analysis，17 best evidences were identified，including assessment，colostomy site marking，enterostomy necrosis nursing and health education. Conclusion This study summarized the evidence for the prevention and care of enterostomy necrosis，and provided the best evidence for clinical stoma nurses to formulate nursing management plan for the prevention and treatment of enterostomy necrosis.

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The effect of multi-sensory stimulation intervention on the agitation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease XU Biqin,XU Jinying,WANG Chunli,TANG Jun 2023, 20 (1):  98-102.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.019 Abstract ( 184 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (684KB) ( 14 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the effect of multi-sensory stimulation intervention on the agitation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods Patients from two wards of the department of psychiatry in a hospital were recruited in this study. The control group included 17 patients from one ward，while the treatment group included 18 patients from another ward. For patients in the treatment group，multi-sensory stimulation intervention were applied，including head touch，haptic-doll therapy，and music therapy. The pre-testing lasted for one week followed by eight weeks of formal intervention. To measure the effect of the intervention，Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory was used. Results After eight weeks of intervention，the agitation score of patients in the treatment group was（94.72±3.74），much lower than the score before intervention（112.33±4.97）. This difference reached statistically significant（P<0.05）. In addition，the agitation score of patients in the control group was（109.88±6.64）. Compared to the score of（111.59±6.86） before intervention，this difference was not significant（P>0.05）. Still，the agitation score of the treatment group after intervention was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Multi-sensory stimulation intervention is proved to be an effective approach to reduce and mitigate the agitation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

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Status and association between pain and depressive symptoms in elderly people in twenty-eight provinces in China WANG Ruiqi,ZHAO Qinghua,HUANG Huanhuan,ZHAO Linbo,WU Chengfei 2023, 20 (1):  103-108.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.020 Abstract ( 198 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (737KB) ( 17 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Objective To investigate the status of pain and depressive symptoms in the elderly in China，and to explore the effect of pain sites on depressive symptoms. Methods Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS） in 2018，the data of general situation questionnaire，pain-related situation questionnaire and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（CESD-10） were obtained from 6 806 elderly people. The current situation of pain and depressive symptoms was summarized，and the influence of pain sites on depressive symptoms in the elderly was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The incidence rate of pain in the elderly interviewed was 61.06%，and the incidence rate of depressive symptoms in the elderly was 37.51%. Chi-square test showed that older adults with different character suffered different incidence rate of depression symptoms，including gender，smoking，drinking，social activities，physical exercise，self-care status，self-rated health status，the number of chronic diseases，whether there was pain，the number of pain sites，and whether there was pain in each site（P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of pain sites（OR=1.090，95%CI：1.069~1.112） and headache（OR=1.491，95%CI：1.277~1.741） were the risk factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly after controlling the demographic and other relevant factors. Conclusion The incidence of pain and depressive symptoms in the elderly in China is not optimistic. An increased number of pain sites and headaches can increase the risk of depressive symptoms in the elderly. Therefore，when caring for elderly patients with pain，in addition to alleviating their physical pain，nurses should also pay attention to their mental health and take preventive interventions to promote a healthy aging.

Forum

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The choice of theoretical framework in nursing research LI Xiaoxue,LI Zheng 2023, 20 (1):  109-113.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.021 Abstract ( 551 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (583KB) ( 19 )   Save Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics Theoretical framework plays an important role in nursing research. This paper introduced the related definition and function of “theoretical framework”，as well as the recommendations and criteria for choosing an appropriate theoretical framework. The aim of this paper is to provide reference for nursing researchers to understand the role of theoretical framework in different types of research correctly，and choose an appropriate theoretical framework according to the research question and objective during research practice.

Review

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A review of research in the learning psychological safety of nursing students MA Yue,ZHAI Huimin,GAO Yulin 2023, 20 (1):  114-118.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.022 Abstract ( 205 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (678KB) ( 13 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics In this paper，we reviewed the character of individual and group-level psychological safety of nursing students in classroom，laboratory and clinical learning environments，and summarized the main influencing factors and improvement measures. It was concluded that in school teaching，educators should emphasis on enhancing the attractiveness of teaching settings，protecting students’ self-esteem，adjusting teaching progress by observing students’ reaction，and providing more positive feedback. In clinical teaching，tutors should pay attention to enhance nursing students’ comprehensive competence，weaken the influence of grade differences，and consolidate professionalism to enhance nursing students’ psychological safety of learning.

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Review of clinical teaching evaluation of standardized training for new nurses GUO Jinyu,MU Xiaonan,SUN Hong,SUN Yumei,WANG Ling 2023, 20 (1):  119-122.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.023 Abstract ( 309 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (615KB) ( 17 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics New nurses are the reserve force and future of clinical nursing team. When training new nurses，scientific and effective evaluation is a necessary link to improve the training program and evaluate the degree of completion of the expected goals，as well as a direction indicate for the new nurses training. In this paper，the development of teaching evaluation concept，the reference model of clinical teaching evaluation for new nurses and the application status of clinical teaching evaluation were systematically sorted out，so as to provide reference for the management and improvement of standardized training for new nurses.

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Research progress on influencing factors and interventional measures of frailty in older patients with diabetes LI Chenyang,SHAO Lewen 2023, 20 (1):  123-128.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.01.024 Abstract ( 311 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (696KB) ( 14 )   Save References | Related Articles | Metrics The incidence of frailty in older patients with diabetes is high，which seriously affects the physical health and quality of life of patients. This article mainly reviewed the influencing factors and interventional measures related to frailty in older diabetic patients nationally and internationally to provide reference for clinical practice and research.