护理实习生转型冲击相关因素的系统评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.07.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨护理实习生转型冲击的相关因素（可能与转型冲击水平变化相关的因素）。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、EBSCO和Scopus数据库，获取探讨护理实习生转型冲击相关因素的研究。检索时限为建库至2024年11月。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选和资料提取，并根据混合方法评价工具对研究的方法学质量进行评价后，采用聚敛整合法整合分析数据。结果共纳入27篇文献，提取27个结果，归纳出内部因素、外部因素2个整合结果，个性特征、应对能力、学业表现、职业认知与情感态度、教育者、实习环境、实习安排、社会支持8个类别。结论护理实习生转型冲击相关因素复杂多样，护理教育者应注重提高护理实习生的内部应对资源水平，优化临床教学环境中的外部支持条件，为减少护理实习生转型冲击制订对策。

关键词: 转型冲击, 护理实习生, 相关因素, 混合方法研究系统评价

Abstract:

Objective To explore the factors associated with transition shock among nursing interns （i.e.，factors potentially related to changes in the level of transition shock）. Methods Databases were searched to identify studies investigating factors related to transition shock among nursing interns including CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，Sinomed，PubMed，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，Embase，EBSCO，and Scopus. Time limit was set from the inception of databases to November 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature，extracted data，and evaluated the quality of the included studies using the Mixed MethodsAppraisal Tool（MMAT）. A convergent integrated approach was used to synthesize and analyze the data. Results A total of 27 studies were included，from which 27 research outcomes were extracted. Two integrated results of internal factors and external factors were summarized，which encompassing eight categories，namely，personality characteristics，coping ability，academic performance，professional cognition and affective attitudes，educators，clinical practice environment，internship arrangement and social support. Conclusion Transition shock among nursing interns is influenced by complex and diverse factors. Nursing educators should focus on enhancing interns’ internal coping resources，optimizing external support conditions in clinical teaching environments，and developing strategies to reduce the transition shock for nursing interns.

Key words: Transition shock, Nursing interns, Related factors, Mixed methods systematic reviews

刘宁静, 许亚红, 闫煜然. 护理实习生转型冲击相关因素的系统评价[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(7): 808-815.

LIU Ningjing, XU Yahong, YAN Yuran. Factors related to transition shock of nursing interns：systematic review of mixed methods research[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(7): 808-815.

图/表 2

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