54所三级医院新生儿导尿置管与维护实践现状与建议

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解三级医院新生儿导尿操作的实践现状，为开展规范化临床实践提供证据。方法采用便利抽样法，利用自行设计的新生儿导尿实践现况调查问卷，采取线上调研的方式，对福棠儿童医学发展中心和国家儿童医学中心联盟新生儿学组委员所在单位的新生儿护理单元进行调查。问卷内容包括护理单元基本情况、导尿开展情况、导尿管的选择、操作人员情况、维护现状、尿培养采集、导尿相关规范标准及培训情况、并发症状况等。结果共回收有效问卷70份，即70个新生儿护理单元，其中只有58个护理单元开展导尿操作，来自54所三级医院。71%（41/58）的护理单元具有新生儿导尿操作规范，各护理单元差异性较大；60%（35/58）的护理单元对6F球囊注水量有明确要求；所有护理单元均定期更换尿袋，但更换周期波动较大。结论新生儿导尿操作缺乏统一规范，需要进一步完善相应的标准流程。

关键词: 新生儿, 导尿管插入术, 导尿管, 规范, 临床实践

Abstract:

Objective To describe the practice status of neonatal catheterization and provide better clinical practice evidence. Methods The convenience sampling method was adopted to select the neonatal care unit as the research object for investigation. The investigation was conducted online using a self-designed questionnaire on the current situation of neonatal catheterization practice. The contents of the questionnaire include the basic situation of the nursing unit，the implementation of catheterization，the selection of urinary catheters，the situation of operators，the current maintenance status，urine culture collection，relevant norms and standards for catheterization and training situations，and the status of complications，etc. Results A total of 70 effective questionnaires were obtained. Only 58 wards carried out urethral catheterization，which from 54 hospitals. In 71% of the nursing units（41/58），there were norms for neonatal catheterization operations, and there were significant differences among the nursing units. 60%（35/58） had standards for 6F balloon water injection volume. All the 58 wards regularly changed urine drainage bags，but the period was different from ward to ward. Conclusion There is a lack of standard neonatal catheterization norms，and the standard of procedure needs to be further improved.

Key words: Neonate, Catheterization, Urethral catheter, Standard, Clinical practice

杨芹, 黑明燕, 张琪, 胡晓静, 迟巍. 54所三级医院新生儿导尿置管与维护实践现状与建议[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(6): 746-750.

YANG Qin, HEI Mingyan, ZHANG Qi, HU Xiaojing, CHI Wei. Investigation on the practice of urinary catheterization in neonatal nursing units of 54 tertiary hospitals[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(6): 746-750.

图/表 2

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