护理专业实习生压力相关成长影响因素的组态分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2025.12.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解护理专业实习生压力相关成长现状并分析其影响因素组态路径，为护理教育者促进实习生压力相关成长提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，于2024年9月—10月选取江苏省、上海市9所三级甲等医院326名护理专业实习生为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、自我关怀量表、中文版简版压力相关成长量表、积极心理资本问卷进行调查。使用SPSS 27.0和fsQCA 4.1软件进行回归分析与模糊集定性比较分析。结果护理专业实习生压力相关成长得分为23.00（16.00，29.00）分。回归分析显示，性别、榜样影响、自我关怀和积极心理资本是护理专业实习生压力相关成长的影响因素（P<0.05）。模糊集定性比较分析结果共提取6个组态，属于4种类型：成长背景-心理资源型、成长背景-职业导向-心理资源型、成长背景-外部环境-心理资源型和多种因素型。结论护理专业实习生压力相关成长处于相对偏高水平。护理教育者应根据不同组态条件的组合，综合考虑多种因素的共同作用，优化护理专业实习生的成长环境，从而促进其压力相关成长水平的提升。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status quo of stress-related growth among nursing interns and analyze configuration paths of influencing factors. The findings will provide valuable insights for nursing educators to promote and improve stress-related growth among nursing interns. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to select 326 nursing interns from nine tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai as the participants from September to October 2024. The instruments used included a general information questionnaire，the Self-Compassion Scale，the Chinese version of the Stress-Related Growth Scale-Short Form，and the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire. SPSS 27.0 and fsQCA 4.1 were used for quantitative analysis and Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis（fsQCA）. Results The median score of stress-related growth among nursing interns was 23.00（16.00，29.00）. Multiple linear regression indicated that gender，the influence of role models，self-compassion，and positive psychological capital were significant influencing factors of stress-related growth in nursing interns（P<0.05）. The fsQCA analysis identified a total of six configurations，categorized into four types：growth background-psychological resources type，growth background-career orientation-psychological resources type，growth background-external environment-psychological resources type，and multiple factors type. Conclusion The level of stress-related growth among nursing interns is moderately high. Based on the fsQCA analysis，nursing educators should consider the combined influence of various factors according to different configurational conditions，optimizing the growth environment for nursing interns to promote the enhancement of their stress-related growth.

Key words: Nursing Interns, Stress-Related Growth, Influencing Factors, Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

张伊柠, 刘永兵, 朱洁, 林静雯, 付海燕, 李宜静, 康艳茹, 孙润杰. 护理专业实习生压力相关成长影响因素的组态分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(12): 1462-1468.

ZHANG Yining, LIU Yongbing, ZHU Jie, LIN Jingwen, FU Haiyan, LI Yijing, KANG Yanru, SUN Runjie. Configurational analysis of influencing factors of stress-related growth in nursing interns[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(12): 1462-1468.

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