美国儿科开业护士的发展现状及启示

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.02.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

儿科开业护士是美国高级实践注册护士的一种，发展相对成熟。该文介绍美国儿科开业护士角色设置、资格认证和工作场所及职责，为探索我国儿科开业护士的培养和使用提供参考。

Abstract:

Pediatric nurse practitioner，a kind of advanced practice registered nurse in the United States，is relatively mature in development. This review introduces the role，certification，practice setting and responsibility of pediatric nurse practitioners in the United States，aiming to provide a reference for exploring the cultivation and practice program of pediatric nurse practitioners in China.

Key words: Pediatric Nursing, Nurse Practitioners, Advanced Practice Nursing, Pediatric nurse practitioners

陈俊庆, 叶贤, 徐红贞. 美国儿科开业护士的发展现状及启示[J]. 中华护理教育, 2023, 20(2): 248-252.

CHEN Junqing, YE Xian, XU Hongzhen. The development status and enlightenment of pediatric nurse practitioners in the United States[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2023, 20(2): 248-252.

参考文献 30

[1]	American Association of Nurse Practitioners. What’s a nurse practitioner(NP)?[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/whats-a-nurse-practitioner.
[2]	Silver HK, Ford LC, Stearly SG. A program to increase health care for children:the pediatric nurse practitioner program[J]. Pediatrics, 1967, 39(5):756-760. pmid: 6026876
[3]	许亚红, 吴瑛. 美国高级护理实践的发展历史及其启示[J]. 中华护理教育, 2012, 9(5):235-237.
[4]	Mosquera RA, Avritscher EB, Samuels CL, et al. Effect of an enhanced medical home on serious illness and cost of care among high-risk children with chronic illness:a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2014, 312(24):2640-2648. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.16419 pmid: 25536255
[5]	潘子涵, 姚弥, 齐建光. 我国儿童就医现状及开展分级诊疗的问题与对策研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2018, 21(10):1177-1182. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.10.007
[6]	National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Population-focused nurse practitioner competencies[EB/OL]. (2013-04)[2022-10-30]. https://www.pncb.org/sites/default/files/2017-02/Po-pulation_Focused_NP_Competencies.pdf.
[7]	PNCB. About \| PNCB[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30].https://www.pncb.org/about.
[8]	National Certification Corporation. Neonatal nurse practitioner[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://www.nccwebsite.org/certification-exams/details/6.
[9]	National Certification Corporation. CORE NP-BC nurse practitioner Board certified[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://www.nccwebsite.org/content/documents/cms/exam-np-bc.pdf.
[10]	National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Statement on acute care and primary care certified nurse practitioner practice 2012[EB/OL].(2012-06)[2022-10-30]. https://www.pncb.org/sites/default/files/2017-02/NONPF_AC_PC_Statement.pdf.
[11]	Boston Children’s Hospital. Boston Children’s Hospital careers[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://jobs.bostonchildrens.org/job-search-results/?keyword=nurse%20practitioner&pg=2&category[]=Nursing&category[]=Nursing%20Support.
[12]	Texas Children’s Hospital. Pediatric nurse practitioner-urgent care[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30].https://www.texaschildrenspeople.org/career/?job_id=24872.
[13]	Rutledge TR, Merritt LS. Pediatric nurse practitioners in the emergency department:implications for education and research[J]. J Pediatr Health Care, 2017, 31(6):729-733. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2017.04.001
[14]	Maymi M, Madden M, Bauer C, et al. Acute care pediatric nurse practitioner:the 2018 practice analysis[J]. J Pediatr Health Care, 2022, 36(2):e11-e21. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2021.09.007
[15]	Williams AA, Cormack CL, Chike-Harris K, et al. Pediatric developmental screenings:a primary care approach[J]. Nurse Pract, 2015, 40(4):34-39. doi: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000461949.15668.ee pmid: 25774813
[16]	Brzezinski L, Mimm N, Porter S. Pediatric nurse practitioner barriers to supporting breastfeeding by mothers and infants[J]. J Perinat Educ, 2018, 27(4):207-219. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.27.4.207 pmid: 31073267
[17]	Hutson E, Melnyk B, Hensley V, et al. Childhood bullying:screening and intervening practices of pediatric primary care providers[J]. J Pediatr Health Care, 2019, 33(6):e39-e45. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.07.003
[18]	Stevenson LJ, Coody DK, Evans KD, et al. Providing better access to health care:a pediatric nurse practitioner WIC-based clinic for one-stop health care[J]. J Pediatr Health Care, 1994, 8(4):168-172. doi: 10.1016/0891-5245(94)90029-9
[19]	O’Leary ST, Lee M, Federico S, et al. School-based health centers as patient-centered medical homes[J]. Pediatrics, 2014, 134(5):957-964. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0296 pmid: 25287455
[20]	Bains RM, Diallo AF. Mental health services in school-based health centers:systematic review[J]. J Sch Nurs, 2016, 32(1):8-19. doi: 10.1177/1059840515590607
[21]	Mason-Jones AJ, Crisp C, Momberg M, et al. A systematic review of the role of school-based healthcare in adolescent sexual,reproductive,and mental health[J]. Syst Rev, 2012, 1: 49. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-1-49 pmid: 23098138
[22]	Kuang AA, Bergquist C, Crupi L, et al. Effectiveness and safety of independent pediatric nurse practitioners in evaluating plagiocephaly[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 132(2):414-418. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182958a89 pmid: 23897338
[23]	陈建军, 张大华. 儿科专科护士培养现状与展望[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2019, 25(33):4265-4268.
[24]	李玉乐, 焦静, 朱晨, 等. 我国护理硕士专业学位研究生临床培养研究进展[J]. 中国护理管理, 2019, 19(11):1673-1677.
[25]	李文君, 唐万珍, 曾毅文, 等. 双轨双控分阶段衔接模式用于护理硕士专业学位研究生规范化培训[J]. 护理学杂志, 2018, 33(21):58-62.
	Li WJ, Tang WZ, Zeng YW, et al. Application of two-path double-controlled stage-oriented bridging model in standardized training of master of nursing specialist[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2018, 33(21):58-62.
[26]	Pediatric Nursing Certification Board. Certified pediatric nurse practitioner-primary care(CPNP-PC) recertification[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://www.pncb.org/sites/default/files/resources/PC_CPNP_Recert_Guide.pdf.
[27]	Pediatric Nursing Certification Board. Certified pediatric nurse practitioner-acute care(CPNP-AC) recertification[EB/OL]. [2022-10-30]. https://www.pncb.org/sites/default/files/resources/AC_CPNP_Recert_Guide.pdf.
[28]	妇幼健康司.国家卫生健康委关于印发贯彻2021-2030年中国妇女儿童发展纲要实施方案的通知[EB/OL]. (2022-04-28).http://www.nhc.gov.cn/fys/s7900/202204/acaaffebf2e44964a9b14fdddd173cfa.shtml.
[29]	深圳市人民代表大会常务委员会. 《深圳经济特区医疗条例》修订稿[EB/OL]. (2022-07-05).http://www.szrd.gov.cn/rdlv/chwgg/content/post_826158.html.
[30]	贾磊, 王茵. 美国高级助产护士的发展现状及启示[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(11):1740-1745. doi: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2020.11.024
	Jia L, Wang Y. The development status and enlightenment of senior midwifery nurses in the United States[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2020, 55(11):1740-1745. doi: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2020.11.024