老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者多组分运动干预方案的构建及应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.06.015

中华护理教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 740-747.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2026.06.015

老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者多组分运动干预方案的构建及应用研究

杜亚婷¹(), 杜若飞², 张莹¹, 张冰妍³, 杨惠敏⁴^,^*()

¹ 河南科技大学护理学院洛阳市 471003
² 河南科技大学第一附属医院淋巴瘤病区洛阳市 471000
³ 洛阳市妇幼保健院新生儿科洛阳市 471000
⁴ 河南科技大学第一附属医院质量控制办公室洛阳市 471000

收稿日期:2025-11-20 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-18
通讯作者: *杨惠敏，E-mail：2238476987@qq.com
作者简介:杜亚婷：女，本科（硕士在读），护师，E-mail：1819541624@qq.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
研究构思与设计为杜亚婷、杜若飞、张莹、张冰妍、杨惠敏；数据收集与处理为杜亚婷、杜若飞、张莹；论文撰写和修改为杜亚婷、张冰妍；论文审校为杨惠敏。
基金资助:
河南科技大学第一附属医院护理学科科研培育项目(HLPYXM202501)

Construction and application of a multi-component exercise intervention program for frail elderly patients with multiple myeloma

DU Yating¹(), DU Ruofei², ZHANG Ying¹, ZHANG Bingyan³, YANG Huimin⁴^,^*()

¹ School of Nursing， Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471003， China
² Lymphoma Ward， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471000， China
³ Neonatal Department， Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Luoyang 471000， China
⁴ Quality Control Office， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471000， China

Received:2025-11-20 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-18
Contact: *YANG Huimin，E-mail：2238476987@qq.com
Supported by:
Research Cultivation Project of Nursing Discipline of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology(HLPYXM202501)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者多组分运动方案并评价其效果。方法通过证据汇总、半结构化访谈、德尔菲法及预实验，在健康信念模式指导下构建多组分运动方案。选取2025年3月—6月洛阳市某三级甲等医院2个院区血液科的老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者为研究对象，根据院区分为对照组（n=28）和试验组（n=29），试验组实施多组分运动，对照组实施常规护理，比较干预前、干预4周和12周两组的衰弱水平、躯体功能。结果两组干预前、干预4周和12周衰弱及躯体功能得分的组间、时间及交互效应均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预4周及12周，试验组衰弱及躯体功能得分均优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论本研究构建的多组分运动方案安全、科学，具有简单易学、可操作性强等特点，有利于改善老年多发性骨髓瘤患者的衰弱状态及躯体功能。

关键词: 多发性骨髓瘤, 衰弱, 健康信念模式, 多组分运动

Abstract:

Objective To construct a multi-component exercise intervention program for frail elderly patients with multiple myeloma and evaluate its effectiveness. Methods Through evidence aggregation，semi-structured interviews，the Delphi method and a pilot study，a multi-component exercise intervention program was constructed under the guidance of the Health Belief Model. Frail elderly patients with multiple myeloma from the hematology departments of two hospital branches of a tertiary hospital in Luoyang from March to June 2025 were selected as study subjects. They were divided into a control group（n=28） and an experimental group（n=29） according to hospital branch. The experimental group received the multi-component exercise intervention，while the control group received routine nursing care. Frailty levels and physical function were compared between the two groups before the intervention，at four weeks of intervention，and at 12 weeks of intervention. Results Significant between-group，time，and interaction effects were observed in frailty and physical function scores between the two groups before intervention，at 4 weeks and 12 weeks of intervention（P<0.05）. At 4 weeks and 12 weeks of intervention，the experimental group demonstrated significantly better frailty and physical function scores than the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The multi-component exercise program constructed in this study is safe，scientific，easy to learn and highly operability. It is conducive to improving the frailty state and physical function of elderly patients with multiple myeloma.

Key words: Multiple Myeloma, Frailty, Health Belief Model, Multi-Component Exercise

杜亚婷, 杜若飞, 张莹, 张冰妍, 杨惠敏. 老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者多组分运动干预方案的构建及应用研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2026, 23(6): 740-747.

DU Yating, DU Ruofei, ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Bingyan, YANG Huimin. Construction and application of a multi-component exercise intervention program for frail elderly patients with multiple myeloma[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2026, 23(6): 740-747.

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参考文献 26

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老年多发性骨髓瘤衰弱患者多组分运动干预方案的构建及应用研究

Construction and application of a multi-component exercise intervention program for frail elderly patients with multiple myeloma

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