社区中青年精神分裂症缓解期患者复发恐惧体验的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的描述中青年精神分裂症缓解期患者复发恐惧体验，为缓解该人群复发恐惧制订干预方案提供参考。方法采用描述性质性研究设计。采用目的抽样法选取北京市3个社区的中青年精神分裂症缓解期患者为研究对象，于2024年4月—5月对受访者进行面对面半结构式深入访谈，并以内容分析法分析资料。结果共访谈15例受访者，提炼出3个主题及9个亚主题，即患者心理困扰与身体煎熬并存（害怕失控、唯恐与现实脱离、担心歧视污名、滋生心理落差、承受身体痛苦），亲密关系中的冲突与家庭支持的孤立体验（亲密关系建立障碍、家庭支持缺失），资源困境中的无助与生存焦虑（担忧经济压力、独立生存困境）。结论中青年精神分裂症缓解期患者因生理痛苦、情感关系改变、经济负担等陷入复发恐惧。临床医务工作者及社会各界应积极引导公众对精神疾病正向认知，并给予患者一定的心理疏导和社会支持；同时鼓励强化患者家庭内部支持，帮助其提高生活质量。

关键词: 社区护理, 中青年, 精神分裂症, 复发恐惧, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To describe the relapse fear experience of young and middle-aged patients with schizophrenia in the remission period，and to provide certain references for formulating intervention plans to alleviate relapse fear in this population. Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. The purposive sampling method was used to recruit young and middle-aged patients with schizophrenia in remission from three communities in Beijing as the research participants. From April to May 2024，face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with the respondents，and the data were analyzed by content analysis. Results A total of 15 interviewees were interviewed. Through analyzing，three themes and nine sub-themes were extracted，namely，the coexistence of psychological distress and physical suffering in patients（fear of losing control，fear of detachment from reality，worry about discrimination and stigma，breeding psychological gap，and suffering physical pain），conflicts in intimate relationships and isolated experiences of family support（obstacles in establishing intimate relationships and lack of family support）. Helplessness and survival anxiety in the resource predicament（worrying about economic pressure and the predicament of independent survival）. Conclusion Young and middle-aged patients with schizophrenia in remission period often experience relapse anxiety due to physical distress，altered emotional relationships，and financial burdens. Clinical practitioners and society should actively promote positive public awareness of mental illness while providing psychological counseling and social support. Concurrently，strengthening family support systems is crucial to help improve their quality of life.

Key words: Community Health Nursing, Young and Middle-Aged Adults, Schizophrenia, Relapse Fear, Qualitative Research

王斌, 陈潇潇, 吴朝霞, 李月, 吴雅馨, 苑士梅, 张晓天. 社区中青年精神分裂症缓解期患者复发恐惧体验的研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2025, 22(11): 1385-1389.

WANG Bin, CHEN Xiaoxiao, WU Zhaoxia, LI Yue, WU Yaxin, YUAN Shimei, ZHANG Xiaotian. A qualitative study on the fear experience of relapse in young and middle-aged patients with schizophrenia in remission[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2025, 22(11): 1385-1389.

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