以家庭为中心的赋权照护方案对早产儿生长发育的影响研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.11.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨以家庭为中心的赋权照护方案对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法便利选取2023年8月—12月天津市某三级甲等医院新生儿科的早产儿及其父母作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法分为试验组32例和对照组32例。试验组在常规护理基础上实施以家庭为中心的赋权照护方案，对照组接受常规健康教育和出院随访指导。于干预前、出院后4周、12周评价两组早产儿父母的照护能力、早产儿生长发育指标；统计早产儿出院后12周内再入院率。结果早产儿父亲及母亲照护能力得分组间与时间均存在交互效应（P<0.05），进一步简单效应分析，试验组早产儿父亲在出院后4周、12周得分高于对照组（P<0.05），试验组早产儿母亲在出院后12周得分高于对照组（P<0.05）。早产儿生长发育指标不存在时间和组间的交互效应（P>0.05），试验组出院后4周的体重指标，以及出院后4周、12周的身长、头围指标优于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组再入院率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论以家庭为中心的赋权照护方案能提高早产儿父母的照护能力，促进早产儿生长发育，降低早产儿再入院率。

关键词: 家庭支持, 护理干预, 早产儿, 护理能力, 生长发育

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effects of family-centered empowering care program on growth and development of premature infants. Methods Premature infants and their parents in the neonatology department admitted to a Grade A tertiary hospital in Tianjin from August 2023 to December 2023 were recruited as study participants. Random number table method was used to divide 32 in experimental group and another 32 in control group. The experimental group implemented the family-centered empowerment care program on the basis of routine care，while the control group received routine health education and discharge follow-up guidance. Parents’ caring ability and growth and development indexes of preterm infants were evaluated before intervention，four weeks and 12 weeks after discharge. The readmission rate within 12 weeks after discharge was collected. Results There was an interaction effect between the groups and the time of caring ability of parents of preterm infants（P<0.05）. Further simple effect analysis showed that the scores of the fathers of preterm infants in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at four weeks and 12 weeks after discharge（P<0.05），and the scores of the mothers of preterm infants in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at 12 weeks after discharge（P<0.05）. The growth and development indexes of preterm infants did not have interaction effects between time and groups（P>0.05）. The body weight indexes at four weeks after discharge，body length and head circumference indexes at four weeks and 12 weeks after discharge in experimental group were higher than those in control group（P<0.05）. The readmission rate of experimental group was lower than that of control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Family-centered empowering care program can improve the ability of parents to care for preterm infants，promote the growth and development of preterm infants，and reduce the readmission rate.

Key words: Family support, Nursing intervention, Premature infants, Nursing ability, Growth and development

王莉娟, 付丽, 赵春娜, 张学颖, 王雪. 以家庭为中心的赋权照护方案对早产儿生长发育的影响研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2024, 21(11): 1383-1389.

Lijuan WANG, Li FU, Chunna ZHAO, Xueying ZHANG, Xue WANG. Effect of family-centered empowering care program on growth and development of preterm infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2024, 21(11): 1383-1389.

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