经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者参与术前访视感受的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2022.12.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者参与术前访视的感受，为更好开展访视工作提供参考。方法采用现象学研究方法，于2021年7月—8月对10名术前访视后的患者进行半结构式深入访谈，应用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行整理分析。结果共访谈10次，访谈录音约330 min，转录文字约1.8万字，提炼出4个主题：不良情绪得到缓解（恐惧减少、紧张程度降低）、认知与态度发生转变（认识手术过程、了解手术的环境信息、积极配合手术）、得到了人文护理服务（耐心细致、考虑周全）、尚有需求未满足（沟通方式有待加强、渴望正性支持与关怀、期望多样化的访视形式）。结论术前访视能够帮助患者缓解不良情绪，正确认识、积极面对手术，使其感受到关怀与温暖，但尚存在语言沟通、正性支持等不足。护理管理者应予以重视，加强心导管室护士培训，完善术前访视工作，以满足患者身心需求，提高访视满意度。

关键词: 血管成形术, 气囊, 冠状动脉, 手术前护理, 定性研究, 术前访视

Abstract:

Objective To explore the experience of participating the preoperative visit in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out from July to August 2021. Ten patients who participated in the preoperative visit were recruited. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s method. Results The interviews lasted for about 330 minutes and approximately 18，000 words were transcribed. Four themes emerged from the data：negative emotions were relieved（less fear，less nervousness），knowledge and attitude were changed（understanding the PCI process，understanding environmental information，actively cooperate in PCI process），access to humane nursing services（patience and carefulness，thoroughness），unmet needs （communication methods need to be improved，being eager for positive support and care，multiple forms of visits）. Conclusion Patients could relieve negative emotions，correctly understand and actively confront the PCI through preoperative visit，and make them feel care and warmth. However，there are still difficulties in language communication and positive support. Nursing managers should strengthen the training of nurses in cardiac catheterization room，improve the preoperative visit，to meet patients’ physiological and psychological demands，improve the satisfaction level with the preoperative visit.

Key words: Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Preoperative Care, Qualitative Research, Preoperative visit

杨曾桢, 刘彬, 韦清, 柏晓玲, 成忠莎, 楼婷. 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者参与术前访视感受的质性研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2022, 19(12): 1114-1118.

YANG Zengzhen, LIU bin, WEI Qing, BAI Xiaoling, CHENG Zhongsha, LOU Ting. The experience of participating the preoperative visit in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention：a qualitative study[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2022, 19(12): 1114-1118.

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