自我复原力在新入职护士知觉压力与职业承诺间的调节效应分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨自我复原力在新入职护士知觉压力与职业承诺间的调节作用。方法采用便利抽样法，于2023年2月采用一般资料调查表、中文版知觉压力量表、中文版自我复原力量表、中文版护士职业承诺量表对陕西省、吉林省共3所三级甲等综合医院的341名新入职护士进行调查。结果新入职护士知觉压力、自我复原力、职业承诺得分分别为（20.54±5.78）分、（39.19±8.67）分、（80.13±14.53）分；新入职护士自我复原力与知觉压力呈负相关（r=-0.196，P<0.001），与职业承诺呈正相关（r=0.240，P<0.001），知觉压力与职业承诺呈负相关（r=-0.482，P<0.001）；自我复原力在知觉压力与职业承诺之间存在调节作用（β=0.031，P<0.05）。结论自我复原力能够调节新入职护士知觉压力与职业承诺间的关系，可为今后护理管理者提高新入职护士的职业承诺水平提供新思路。

关键词: 护士, 压力, 问卷调查, 自我复原力, 职业承诺

Abstract:

Objective To explore the mediating effect of ego-resiliency between perceived stress and occupational commitment in newly graduated nurse. Methods Convenience sampling were used to recruit 341 newly graduated nurses from three tertiary general hospitals in Shaanxi and Jilin provinces in February 2023. The General information questionnaire，Chinese version of Perceived Stress Scale，Ego-resiliency Scale and Measurement of Occupation Commitment were employed for investigation. Results The score of perceived stress，ego-resiliency and occupational commitment was（20.54±5.78）（39.19±8.67） and（80.13±14.53），respectively. The ego-resiliency of new nurses in this group was negatively correlated with perceived stress（r=-0.196，P<0.001） and positively correlated with occupational commitment（r=0.240，P<0.001）. Perceived stress was negatively correlated with occupational commitment（r=-0.482，P<0.001）. Ego-resiliency mediated the relationship between perceived stress and occupational commitment（β=0.031，P<0.05）. Conclusion Ego-resiliency can regulate the relationship between perceived stress and occupational commitment of newly recruited nurses，which provides a new idea for nursing managers to improve the level of occupational commitment of newly recruited nurses in the future.

Key words: Nurses, Pressure, Questionnaires, Ego-resiliency, Occupational commitment

张帆, 刘团会, 徐兆宁, 吕静雯, 张蕾, 李亚红, 蒋文慧. 自我复原力在新入职护士知觉压力与职业承诺间的调节效应分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2024, 21(2): 159-164.

ZHANG Fan, LIU Tuanhui, XU Zhaoning, LÜ Jingwen, ZHANG Lei, LI Yahong, JIANG Wenhui. The mediating effect of ego-resiliency between perceived stress and occupational commitment in newly graduated nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2024, 21(2): 159-164.

图/表 1

参考文献 29

[1]	田苗, 向圣晓, 于尚平, 等. 神经质人格对护士心理健康的影响及心理资本、压力知觉的链式中介作用[J]. 护理研究, 2022, 36(9):1537-1542.
	Tian M, Xiang SX, Yu SP, et al. Effect of neuroticism on nurses’ mental health and the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and perceived stress[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2022, 36(9):1537-1542.
[2]	卢晓玲, 曲晓童, 何传荣. 门诊导诊护士感知压力、心理一致感调查及相关性分析[J]. 齐鲁护理杂志, 2022, 28(16):39-43.
	Lu XL, Qu XT, He CR. Investigation and correlation analysis of perceived pressure and psychological consistency of outpatient guidance nurses[J]. J Qilu Nurs, 2022, 28(16):39-43.
[3]	屠重阳. 心理咨询师共情疲劳状况以及与生命意义感、自我复原力的关系研究[D]. 上海: 华东师范大学, 2022.
	Tu CY. A study on empathy fatigue of psychological counselors and its relationship with sense of meaning of life and self-resilience[D]. Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2022.
[4]	张雅欣, 孙华君, 梁黎明, 等. 应急医学救援队员人格特征对知觉压力的影响:心理复原力的中介作用[J]. 中国卫生事业管理, 2022, 39(1):52-55,80.
	Zhang YX, Sun HJ, Liang LM, et al. Studying on the influence of emergency medical rescuers’ personality characteristics on perceived stress mediated by psychological resilience[J]. Chin Health Serv Manag, 2022, 39(1):52-55,80.
[5]	罗艳芳, 张红英, 周会兰, 等. 南充市4家三级甲等医院ICU医务人员心理复原力、职业承诺与工作疏离感的相关分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2022, 38(17):2361-2366.
	Luo YF, Zhang HY, Zhou HL, et al. Study on correlation of psychological resilience,occupational commitment and work alienation of ICU medical staff in four grade-a tertiary hospitals of Nanchong City[J]. Occup Health, 2022, 38(17):2361-2366.
[6]	胡慧秀, 孙超, 李欣, 等. 护士职业承诺在护理工作环境与离职倾向间的中介效应[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2021, 27(20):2718-2723.
	Hu HX, Sun C, Li X, et al. The mediating effect of nurses’ professional commitment between practice environment and turnover intention[J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2021, 27(20):2718-2723.
[7]	Robbins SP. Essentials of organizational behavior:12th edition[M]. New Youk,Pearson Education Inc, 2014.
[8]	Zhang YD, Gao YQ, Tang Y, et al. The role of workplace social capital on the relationship between perceived stress and professional identity among clinical nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak[J]. Jpn J Nurs Sci, 2021, 18(1):e12376. doi: 10.1111/jjns.v18.1
[9]	毛淑芳. 复原力对自我复原的影响机制[D]. 金华: 浙江师范大学, 2007.
	Mao SF. The influence mechanism of resilience on self-recovery[D]. Jinhua: Zhejiang Normal University, 2007.
[10]	郑卫军, 何凡. 现况调查的样本量计算方法[J]. 预防医学, 2020, 32(6):647-648.
	Zheng WJ, He F. Sample size estimate for cross-sectional study[J]. Preventive Medicine, 2020, 32(6):647-648.
[11]	Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress[J]. J Health Soc Behav, 1983, 24(4):385-396. pmid: 6668417
[12]	杨廷忠, 黄汉腾. 社会转型中城市居民心理压力的流行病学研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2003, 24(9):760-764.
	Yang TZ, Huang HT. An epidemiological study on stress among urban residents in social transition period[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2003, 24(9):760-764.
[13]	张敏柔, 黄惠根, 邓亚芳, 等. 知觉压力量表在护士群体中应用的信效度检验[J]. 职业与健康, 2022, 38(13):1788-1791,1796.
	Zhang MR, Huang HG, Deng YF, et al. Reliability and validity test of Perceived Stress Scale in nurses[J]. Occup Health, 2022, 38(13):1788-1791,1796.
[14]	Block J, Kreman AM. IQ and ego-resiliency:Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness[J]. J Pers Soc Psychol, 1996, 70(2):349-361. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.70.2.349 pmid: 8636887
[15]	李冬梅. 青少年心境动态发展特点及不同调节策略对其心境变化影响的研究[D]. 北京: 首都师范大学, 2005.
	Li DM. A study on the dynamic development characteristics of teenagers’ mood and the influence of different adjustment strategies on their mood changes[D]. Beijing: Capital Normal University, 2005.
[16]	曹智雨. 心理咨询师共情疲劳与工作卷入、自我复原力关系研究[D]. 河南: 河南大学, 2015.
	Cao ZY. Study on the relationship of compassion fatigue and job involvement,ego-resiliency of counselor[D]. Henan: Henan University, 2015.
[17]	Blau GJ. The measurement and prediction of career commitment[J]. J Occup Psychol, 1985, 58(4):277-288. doi: 10.1111/joop.1985.58.issue-4
[18]	裴艳. 护士职业承诺水平及离职影响因素研究[D]. 上海: 第二军医大学, 2013.
	Pei Y. Study on nurses’ professional commitment level and influencing factors of turnover[D]. Shanghai: Second Military Medical University, 2013.
[19]	方杰, 温忠麟, 梁东梅, 等. 基于多元回归的调节效应分析[J]. 心理科学, 2015, 38(3):715-720.
	Fang J, Wen ZL, Liang DM, et al. Moderation effect analyses based on multiple linear regression[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2015, 38(3):715-720.
[20]	张琦, 刘安诺, 蒋亚琴, 等. 安徽省低年资护士知觉压力的潜在类别及其与职业认同的关系[J]. 医学与社会, 2022, 35(10):107-112.
	Zhang Q, Liu AN, Jiang YQ, et al. Latent classes of perceived stress among junior nurses in Anhui Province and its relationship with professional identity[J]. Med Soc, 2022, 35(10):107-112.
[21]	于菲菲, 王会英. 肿瘤护士工作压力、情绪管理和工作能力现状及关系研究[J]. 上海护理, 2021, 21(8):38-42.
	Yu FF, Wang HY. Research on the status quo of work stress,emotion management and competence of oncology nurses and their correlation[J]. Shanghai Nurs, 2021, 21(8):38-42.
[22]	陈曦, 韩斌如, 徐凤霞, 等. 我国护士心理韧性现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中国护理管理, 2020, 20(12):1845-1849.
	Chen X, Han BR, Xu FX, et al. Status of nurses’ resilience in China and its influencing factors[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2020, 20(12):1845-1849.
[23]	孙莉莉, 丁振梅, 曲华. ICU护士共情疲劳现状及其影响因素研究[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2020, 26(10):1274-1280.
	Sun LL, Ding ZM, Qu H. Current situation and influencing factors of compassion fatigue in ICU nurses[J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2020, 26(10):1274-1280.
[24]	李圣芳, 薛平, 侯冉, 等. 山西省10所三级甲等综合医院新入职护士自我效能感水平及影响因素分析[J]. 护理研究, 2020, 34(10):1768-1773.
	Li SF, Xue P, Hou R, et al. Analysis of level of self-efficacy of newly-recruited nurses in 10 third grade A general hospitals in Shanxi Province and its influencing factors[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2020, 34(10):1768-1773.
[25]	王许乐, 莫利华, 徐巧云. 石家庄市三级医院新入职护士职业适应能力与心理弹性的关系[J]. 循证护理, 2021, 7(13):1829-1832.
	Wang XL, Mo LH, Xu QY. Relationship between occupational adaptability and mental resilience of newly recruited nurses in third grade hospitals in Shijiazhuang City[J]. Chin Evid Based Nurs, 2021, 7(13):1829-1832.
[26]	段莉, 高云峰, 耿艳霞, 等. 新毕业护士角色转换压力对其护理职业承诺的影响[J]. 解放军护理杂志, 2019, 36(3):51-54,92.
	Duan L, Gao YF, Geng YX, et al. Effect of role transition stress on nursing occupational commitment of new graduate nurses[J]. Nurs J Chin PLA, 2019, 36(3):51-54,92.
[27]	Kim S, Kweon Y. Psychological capital mediates the association between job stress and burnout of among Korean psychiatric nurses[J]. Healthcare, 2020, 8(3):199. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8030199
[28]	陈兴华, 谢敏娟. 情绪弹性疗法对重症监护室护士共情疲劳和心理弹性的干预效果[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2021, 37(11):861-866.
	Chen XH, Xie MJ. Effect of emotional resilience training on compassion fatigue and psychological resilience of intensive care unit nurses[J]. Chin J Pract Nurs, 2021, 37(11):861-866.
[29]	周蓓蓓, 朱海燕, 葛津津. 团队心理健康培训对新入职护士压力应对方式、心理弹性的影响[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2021, 27(4):490-493.
	Zhou BB, Zhu HY, Ge JJ. Effect of team psychological health training on stress coping style and psychological resilience of newly recruited nurses[J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2021, 27(4):490-493.