Objective To explore the design and application effect of ideological and political education in the situational experiment teaching of Critical Care Nursing. Methods A total of 378 undergraduate students majoring in nursing from a certain university in 2022 were selected as the research subjects. In the scenario based experiential teaching of Critical Care Nursing，course ideological education was designed and implemented around the emergency medical service system and sudden public health emergencies. Before class，the scenario script was designed through the “case-ideological education dual-track” approach. During the class，through role-playing，the content was gradually advanced to include on-site first aid，transportation during the journey，in-hospital treatment，and intensive care. This enabled students to enhance their political identity and professional qualities through immersive experiences and collaborative treatment. After the class，the learned knowledge was extended to society through volunteer activities. The teaching effectiveness was comprehensively analyzed through a multi-dimensional assessment and evaluation system，and the satisfaction of course ideological and political education was also surveyed. Results The assessment results showed that the average score of the comprehensive assessment score of the students was （94.07±1.77） points，indicating that the students achieved good knowledge and ability goals；96% of the students believed that this teaching method was novel，and they had a strong willingness to participate；90% of the students affirmed the educational effect of course ideological and political education. Conclusion The implementation of ideological and political education in the scenario based experimental teaching of Critical Care Nursing has got remarkable results. It has realized the unity of explicit education and implicit education，and promoted the coordinated development of professional knowledge and ideological and political education. It can provide a reference for the reform of course ideological and political education in similar institutions.