Objective To explore the application effect of child-friendly video combined with the teach-back method in functional exercise education for preschool children after humeral fracture surgery. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 156 children aged 4-6 years who underwent humeral fracture surgery in Orthopedic Trauma Center of Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January and June 2024. Participants treated from January to March 2024（n=80） were assigned to the control group receiving routine health education on functional exercise，while those treated from April to June 2024（n=76） classified to the experimental group receiving health education on functional exercise using child-friendly videos combined with the teach-back method. The Chinese version of the Child Stress Disorders Checklist （CSDC） was assessed at admission and discharge，Mayo elbow function was evaluted at 6 months post-surgery，and compliance with functional exercise within 1 month post-surgery were compared between the two groups. Results At discharge，the experimental group demonstrated significantly lower total and subscale scores on the CSDC-Chinese version compared to the control group（all P<0.05）. Additionally，the experimental group achieved higher Mayo elbow function scores at 6 months post-surgery and greater compliance with functional exercise within 1 month post-surgery than the control group（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The integration of child-friendly videos and the teach-back method in health education for preschool children after humeral fracture surgery can effectively reduce stress response symptoms，improve elbow functional recovery，and enhance compliance with rehabilitation exercises. This approach is worthy of wider application in clinical practice.