Objective To explore the design and application effects of the ideological and political theory education in the course of Practice of Nursing Fundamentals. Methods Based on the nursing undergraduate training objectives，the ideological and political teaching methods including the teaching objective system，the ideological and political elements module and the six pathways of ideological and political elements collection were systemically built up. The teaching methods were then applied to the nursing undergraduates in the class of 2020. Seventy reflective diaries were analyzed by qualitative evaluation method，and the overall teaching effect was evaluated by using the electronic questionnaire online survey. Results The themes most reflected by students were the responsibility of rescuing the dying，the sense of professional value，the sense of safety，the feelings of family and country，and the spirit of dedication. Teaching evaluation results showed that the ideological and political teaching objectives of the course have been effectively achieved with a satisfaction score of 9.09±1.08 among the students. Conclusion The systematically designed curriculum ideological and political education could effectively cultivate the nursing students.