Objective To examine the effects of honey on oral mucositis prevention in adults with malignant hematological disease undergoing chemotherapy. Methods In this prospective randomized clinical trial,98 patients with leukemia or lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy in three tertiary general hospitals from July 2018 to March 2019,were randomly allocated into two groups：the experimental group（n=49）and the control group（n=49）. Patients in the control group were given routine oral care and alkaline mouthwash,while patients in the experimental group were given honey on the surface of the oral mucosa in addition to the routine care. The incidence,time,and severity of oral mucositis between the two groups were compared. Results The incidence of oral mucositis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group（χ²=5.288,P<0.05）. There was no significant differences in the time of oral mucositis occurrence between the two groups（t=0.386,P=0.705）. There was also no significant differences in oral mucositis severity in two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Honey can reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis,and has a preventive effect on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis.