Objective To describes the dynamic changes of illness perception and post-traumatic growth and to explore their correlation in postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer at different stages after discharge. Methods A total of 93 postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer were investigated by the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Results The scores of illness perception were above the middle level at one month,three months and six months after discharge,which were（51.65±6.77）,（45.09±8.73）,（41.62±9.69）and showed a gradually downward trend（（F=188.272,P<0.001）. The scores of post-traumatic growth were all in the middle level,which were（60.27±8.40）,（67.69±9.53）,（70.25±10.07）and in a gradually increase tendency（F=144.187,P<0.001）. Analysis of partial correlation showed that,there was a moderately negative correlation between the total score of illness perception and the total score of post-traumatic growth at three months and six months after discharge（r=-0.468,P<0.001;r=-0.418,P<0.001）. Conclusion The illness perception and post-traumatic growth of postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer show dynamic changes. The less negative perception of patients,the more conducive to the occurrence of post-traumatic growth.