Objective To investigate the effects of a case-based assessment on core competence evaluation of new nurses. Methods A total of 508 nurses who completed standardized training were assessed for their core competence. The assessment scores of nurses and their satisfaction level were recorded. Results The total rate of satisfaction of nurses was 95.5%. The score of comprehensive assessment was(79.87±3.28). The score of theoretical knowledge was(35.74±6.15)and the score of clinical skill was(44.14±2.13). Conclusion The case-based assessment can comprehensively assess the core competence of new nurses and provide targeted training direction for nursing managers. It can also help new nurses recognize their advantages and shortcomings of their core competence.