Objective To explore the pathway of psychological capital and social support on career status among infection wards nurses and to provide strategies for stabilizing infection wards nurses. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to investigate 316 nurses who came from 16 infectious disease departments in tertiary hospitals in Changsha. Questionnaires used in our study were general data questionnaire,Psychological Capital Questionnaire（PCQ）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）,Career Status Evaluation Questionnaire（CSEQ）. Results The overall score of CSEQ by the infection wards nurses was 78.11±13.63. Psychological Capital had a significant indirect effect on Career Status（β=0.602,P<0.001）。Social support not only directly affected career status（β=0.228,P=0.011）,but also indirectly affects career status mediated by psychological capital. The mediating effect accounted for 63.1% of the total effects. Conclusion There was a large space for improving the career status of nurses in infectious diseases department. Administrators can promote the benign development of their career status by improving the level of psychological capital and social support.