目的 调查护理人员对气候变化与健康的认知和态度。 方法 于2023年12月至2024年1月，便利选取中国6个省份医院的643名注册护士作为调查对象，使用全球U21（Universitas 21）大学联盟健康科学护理与助产学组开发的护理人员应对气候变化准备度问卷，对其进行调查。 结果 回收有效问卷595份，有效问卷回收率为92.53%。54.79%（326/595）的护理人员表示从未听说过调查涉及的与气候变化相关的护理组织或倡议；职称、注册前学历、接受公共卫生相关培训的程度、对实现气候变化相关护理立场声明或倡议的信心情况不同的护理人员知晓情况比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理人员认为气候变化危害下应优先保护群体的选择率位列前3位的依次为孕妇、≥65岁人群和≤18岁人群；增强公众气候变化与健康意识、对气候脆弱群体进行健康教育、为气候脆弱群体提供直接照护是保护气候脆弱群体免受气候变化危害的重要策略。61.18%（364/595）的护理人员认为气候变化对护士群体产生了中度以上的影响，但仅45.88%（273/595）的护理人员认为护士群体应承担起中度以上气候变化应对责任。 结论 护理人员在气候变化与健康方面的认知相对薄弱，且对应对气候变化的专业责任感知尚不足。建议通过加强对护理人员的气候变化与健康相关培训，明确其在应对气候变化中的角色与责任，提升其应对气候变化的意识和能力，进而推动建立可持续的医疗保健体系。

Objective To investigate the awareness and attitudes of nursing professionals in certain regions of China regarding climate change and health. Methods From December 2023 to January 2024，a convenience sample of 643 registered nurses from hospitals in six provinces across China mainland was selected as the participants. The Preparedness of Nurses for Climate Change Questionnaire，developed by the Universitas 21（U21） Health Sciences Nursing and Midwifery Discipline Group was used to conduct the survey. Results A total of 595 valid questionnaires were collected，with a valid response rate of 92.53%. It was found that 54.79%（326/595） of the nursing professionals had never heard of any nursing organizations or initiatives related to climate change. Statistically significant differences（P<0.05） were observed in the awareness levels among nursing professionals with different professional titles，educational backgrounds prior to registration，levels of public health-related training，and varying degrees of confidence in implementing nursing position statements or initiatives related to climate change. The top three vulnerable groups that nursing professionals believed should be prioritized for protection were pregnant women，individuals aged 65 and above，and those aged 18 and below. Important strategies for protecting vulnerable populations from the hazards of climate change were identified including enhancing public awareness of climate change and health，conducting health education for climate-vulnerable groups，and providing direct care to these groups. About 61.18%（364/595） of nursing professionals believed that climate change had a more-than-moderate impact on the nursing community. In terms of perceptions of responsibility for climate change response，only 45.88%（273/595） of nursing professionals believed that the nursing community should also assume a more-than-moderate level of responsibility. Conclusion Nursing professionals’ awareness of climate change and its health impacts is relatively weak，and their understanding of the professional responsibilities in addressing climate change is insufficient. It is recommended to strengthen training related to climate change and its health impacts，clarify the roles and responsibilities of nursing professionals in addressing climate change，enhance their awareness and capabilities in responding to climate change，thereby promoting the establishment of a sustainable healthcare system.