目的 编制危重症新生儿医源性皮肤损伤风险评估量表，并检验其信效度。 方法 基于文献分析、半结构式访谈和专家小组讨论，结合现有的新生儿皮肤损伤风险评估量表构建条目池，经德尔菲法和预调查构建量表。采用便利取样法选取2023年1月—5月于天津市3所三级甲等医院内科NICU住院的219例新生儿为研究对象开展问卷调查，检验量表的信效度。 结果 最终版量表包括生理状况、医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤风险要素、药物外渗性损伤风险要素和医疗器械相关性皮肤损伤风险要素4个维度，共13个条目。量表水平的内容效度指数为0.92，条目水平的内容效度指数为0.83~1.00；探索性因子分析结果显示，共提取4个公因子，累计方差贡献率为75.36%；量表Cronbach’s α系数为0.877，评分者间信度为0.997；量表预测危重症新生儿医源性皮肤损伤发生风险的受试者操作特征曲线下面积为0.92（P<0.001，95%CI为0.884~0.956），截断值为34.5分。 结论 本研究编制的危重症新生儿医源性皮肤损伤风险评估量表信效度良好，可为评估内科危重症新生儿发生医源性皮肤损伤的风险提供可靠的测评工具。

Objective To develop a Iatrogenic Skin Injury Risk Assessment Scale for Critical Neonates and to test its reliability and validity in medical neonatal intensive care unit（NICU）. Methods The initial scale was developed through literature analysis，semi-structruced interview，group discussion，Delphi and pre-survey. From January 2023 to May 2023，219 neonates in medical NICU from three tertiary A hospitals in Tianjin were selected for questionnaire survey to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The final version of the scale contains 13 items in 4 dimensions including physiological situation，medical adhesive-related injury risk elements，drug extravasation injury risk factors，and medical device-related stress injury risk elements. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the scale was 75.36%. The content validity indexes at the scale level and the item level were 0.92 and 0.83~1.00 respectively. The Cronbach’s α coefficient and inter-rater reliability of the scale was 0.877 and 0.997. The area under the operating characteristic curve of the scale for predicting the risk of iatrogenic skin injuries in critical neonates was 0.92（P<0.001，95%CI was 0.884~0.956） and the cut-off value was 34.5. Conclusion The scale constructed in this study has good reliability and validity，and it can be used to access the risk of iatrogenic skin injuries in neonates in medical NICU.