目的 对护理本科生元认知能力研究进行范围综述，为我国护理本科生元认知能力的培养提供参考与依据。方法 以Arksey和O’Malley的范围综述方法学为框架，检索Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、万方数据库中有关护理本科生元认知能力的研究，检索时限为建库至2023年12月。根据纳入与排除标准对文献进行筛选，对纳入文献进行资料提取、内容总结与分析。结果 共纳入文献28篇，其中英文文献15篇、中文文献13篇。目前用于护理本科生元认知能力测量的工具共有6种；影响其元认知能力的因素可被归入个人能力、观念与思维方式、心理状态和环境4类；可助力提升其元认知能力的措施共有8种。结论 护理本科生元认知能力的测量工具种类较多，但质量参差不齐；影响因素复杂多样，但相关研究视角较为单一；干预措施有效性尚未得到充分论证。护理教育者未来应进一步引进、研制、评价护理本科生元认知能力测量工具，全面、系统地分析其元认知能力不足的成因与机制，积极探索并实践旨在提升护理本科生元认知能力的干预措施。

Objective To provide references and basis for the cultivation of nursing undergraduate students’ metacognitive ability in China through a scoping review. Methods Based on the scoping review methodology of Arksey and O’Malley，relevant studies on nursing undergraduate students’ metacognitive ability were searched in databases including Web of Science，PubMed，Scopus，Sinomed，CNKI，and Wanfang Data. The search time limit was set from the date of databases’ establishment to December 2023. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria，and data extraction，content summary，and analysis were conducted on the included literature. Results A total of 28 articles were included，including 15 in English and 13 in Chinese. Currently，there were six tools used to measure the metacognitive ability of nursing undergraduate students. Factors that affect their metacognitive ability could be categorized into four types:personal ability，beliefs and ways of thinking，psychological state，and environment. Additionally，eight measures were identified that could help to improve their metacognitive ability. Conclusion There are numerous measurement tools for metacognitive abilities of nursing undergraduates，though their quality varies. The influencing factors are complex and diverse，while the research perspectives are relatively singular. The effectiveness of intervention measures has not yet been fully demonstrated. In the future，nursing educators should further introduce，develop，and evaluate tools for the measure of metacognitive abilities of nursing undergraduates，comprehensively and systematically analyze the causes and mechanisms of their insufficient metacognitive abilities，and actively explore and practice intervention measures aiming to improve the metacognitive abilities of nursing undergraduates.