目的 总结俯卧位有创机械通气患者心肺复苏的最佳证据。 方法 计算机检索国内外临床决策支持系统、数据库及指南/专业协会网站中关于俯卧位有创机械通气患者心肺复苏的临床决策、证据总结、指南、专家共识、系统评价，文献检索时限为建库至2023年11月。由研究者筛选文献、提取资料、对纳入文献的质量进行评价，并对证据进行提取、整合及质量分级。结果 共纳入8篇文献，包括4篇指南、1篇系统评价和3篇专家共识。从体位选择、复苏准备、按压要点、除颤准备和复苏监测5个方面提取出18条最佳证据。 结论 本研究总结了俯卧位有创机械通气患者心肺复苏的最佳证据。医护人员应结合临床情境和专业判断，审慎地选择与运用证据并开展临床实践。

Objective To summarize the best evidence on cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR） in the prone position with invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in both domestic and foreign clinical decision support systems, databases as well as relevant professional or guideline websites for clinical decision-making, evidence summaries，guidelines, expert consensuses，and systematic reviews on CPR in the prone position with invasive mechanical ventilation. The time limit of searching was set from the date of database’s inception to November 2023. The researchers screened the literature，extracted the data, evaluated the quality of the included literature，and afterward，extracted, integrated，and graded the evidence. Results A total of eight studies were included, consisting of four guidelines, one systematic reviews, and three expert consensuses. In addition, 18 pieces of evidence were synthesized into five categories, which including position selection, resuscitation preparation, compression points，defibrillation preparation，and resuscitation monitoring. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for performing CPR in the prone position with invasive mechanical ventilation. Medical staff should carefully select and apply evidence and carry out clinical practice based on clinical situation and professional judgment.