收稿日期: 2022-07-12
网络出版日期: 2023-09-14
The experiences of nursing students after patient death in clinical practice：a meta-synthesis of qualitative research studies
目的 系统整合护理专业实习生在临床实践中经历患者死亡时的体验，为促进其临终护理教育的发展、提高临床带教水平提供参考依据。 方法 检索PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、Embase、万方数据、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网从建库到2022年9月关于护理专业实习生经历患者死亡体验的相关质性研究。由2名研究者独立进行文献质量评价和资料提取。 结果 纳入了11项研究，提炼出40个研究结果，归纳成5个新类别，并综合成2个整合主题：护理专业实习生采用多元化的调适策略应对复杂的情绪变化，获得个人成长并促进对职业的反思；护理专业实习生觉察到自身不足，渴望获得更多的临终护理教育。 结论 研究结果反映了国内外不同教育背景下护理专业实习生经历患者死亡后的真实情绪体验和认知变化，为护理专业的教育者对临终护理相关教育的改进和开展提供了参考和依据。
侯坤华 , 白文辉 , 李芊芊 , 田亚杰 , 王梅杰 , 常淑莹 , 马灵草 , 刘纬华 . 护理专业实习生经历患者死亡事件体验的系统评价[J]. 中华护理教育, 2023 , 20(9) : 1077 -1083 . DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.09.010
Objective To systematically integrate the experience of nursing interns witnessing the death of patients in clinical practice，so as to provide reference for promoting the development of hospice nursing education for nursing students and improving the level of clinical teaching. Methods A total of eight databases（PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL，Embase，Wanfang Data，VIP Database，CBM and CNKI） were searched to collect the relevant qualitative researches on the death experience of nursing interns. The retrieval time was set from the establishment of the database to September 2022. After that，two researchers independently performed literature quality evaluation and data extraction. Results A total of 11 studies were included，with 40 research results extracted and summarized into five new categories. Results were integrated into two themes. The first theme was that nursing interns adopt a variety of adjustment strategies to cope with complex emotional changes，and subsequently achieve personal growth and promote career reversal after witnessing the death of the patient. The second theme was that nursing interns realize their own shortcomings and are eager to get more education of end-of-life nursing. Conclusion The results of this study summarize the real emotional experience and cognitive changes of nursing interns after the death of patients under different educational backgrounds at home and abroad，and provide a reference and basis for nursing educators to improve and carry out end-of-life nursing education.
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