收稿日期: 2022-07-21
网络出版日期: 2023-08-17
The research topics and hot spots of cancer patients’ discharge preparation
目的 分析癌症患者出院准备相关研究的现状和热点，了解癌症患者出院准备服务研究的发展方向。方法 检索PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中癌症患者出院准备相关文献，检索时限为1979年至2022年10月。采用EndNote进行文献计量分析，使用VOSviewer软件进行高频主题词聚类分析。 结果 共纳入文献275篇，其中外文文献179篇（65.09%），中文文献96篇（34.91%）。癌症患者出院准备相关研究的文献数量整体呈递增趋势。中文文献以描述性研究（56/96）和类实验研究（25/96）为主，英文文献以描述性研究（42/179）和分析性研究（35/179）为主。聚类分析结果显示，中文文献研究热点包括癌症患者出院准备影响因素、出院指导质量、生活质量3个主题；英文文献研究热点包括癌症患者安宁疗护与预立照护计划、癌症患者出院准备效果评价2个主题。结论 近年来癌症患者出院准备相关研究越来越多，严谨的干预性研究和质性研究尚不足。需构建多学科合作的出院准备服务团队，体现护士导航者的作用，提高患者及其照顾者的出院准备度，从而减少再入院率，提高癌症患者生活质量。
徐薇薇 , 马晶淼 , 陈金芳 , 李娜娜 , 王静 . 癌症患者出院准备的研究现状及热点分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2023 , 20(8) : 981 -985 . DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.08.015
Objective To analyze the current status and hotspots of research on cancer patient discharge preparation，and to understand the development direction of cancer patient discharge preparation services. Methods The literature related to cancer patients’ discharge preparation in PubMed，Web of Science，CINAHL，CNKI，Wanfang，and VIP databases was retrieved from 1979 to October 2022. The software of EndNote was employed for bibliometric analysis and VOSviewer was applied for high-frequency topic word clustering analysis. Results A total of 275 articles were included，including English articles（65.09%） and Chinese articles（34.91%）. The overall number of literature on cancer patient discharge preparation was increasing. The Chinese literature mainly focused on descriptive research（56/96） and quasi experimental research（25/96），while the English literature mainly focused on descriptive research（42/179） and analytical research（35/179）. The clustering analysis results showed that the research hotspots in Chinese literature include three themes：influencing factors of cancer patients’ discharge preparation，quality of discharge guidance，and quality of life. The research hotspots in English literature could classified into two themes：palliative care and precare plans for cancer patients，and evaluation of the effectiveness of cancer patient discharge preparation. Conclusion In recent years，there has been an increasing number of studies on the preparation for discharge of cancer patients，and rigorous intervention and qualitative research are still insufficient. It is necessary to build a multidisciplinary collaborative discharge preparation service team，reflecting the role of a nurse navigator，improving the discharge readiness of patients and their caregivers，thereby reducing readmission rates and improving the quality of life of cancer patients.
Key words： Neoplasms; Discharge Planning; Bibliometrics; Hot spots
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