目的 了解血液系统恶性肿瘤患者自悯现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取197例血液肿瘤科患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、中文版自悯量表、领悟社会支持量表进行调查。结果 197例血液系统恶性肿瘤患者自悯总分为（83.76±9.97）分；血液系统恶性肿瘤患者领悟社会支持总分与自悯总分成正相关（r=0.506）；多元线性回归结果显示：婚姻状况（已婚，以未婚为参照）、居住地（农村，以城镇为参照）、领悟社会支持共解释血液系统恶性肿瘤患者自悯总变异的30.4%（F=13.252，P<0.001）。结论 血液系统恶性肿瘤患者自悯水平有待进一步提高，临床护理人员应加强对已婚、农村和领悟社会支持水平偏低的肿瘤患者的心理干预，帮助患者提升自悯水平，提高其心理应对能力。

Objective To investigate the self-compassion status of hematological malignancies patients and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 197 patients hospitalized in hematology department were selected using convenience sampling method and were investigated with general information questionnaire，Chinese version of Self-Compassion Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale. Results The total score of self-compassion was（83.76±9.97）. And there was a positive correlation（r=0.506） between self-compassion and social support in patients with hematological malignancies. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that married（compared with unmarried），rural （compared with urban），and social support were the relevant factors of self-compassion in hematological malignancies patients（P<0.05），which accounted for 30.4%（F=13.252，P<0.001） of the total variation. Conclusion The self-compassion level needs to be improved，and clinical nurses should strengthen the psychological counseling for married，rural hematological malignancies patients with a low level of social support. It is necessary to enhance the self-compassion level of tumor patients，so as to improve their psychological coping ability.