目的 探讨护理本科生自我意识的现状及其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2021年1月选取辽宁省大连市某2所医科大学1 411名护理本科生为研究对象,采用自我意识量表、反馈寻求行为量表进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行数据分析,不同特征学生间自我意识得分采用t检验或方差分析,变量间相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析法,采用多元线性回归分析影响护理本科生自我意识的因素。结果 护理本科生自我意识得分为（45.49±8.41）分,护理本科生自我意识与反馈寻求行为呈正相关（r=0.521,P<0.001）。学生干部经历、选择专业原因、家庭支持职业选择、老师观察式反馈寻求行为、同学观察式反馈寻求行为和同学询问式反馈寻求行为是护理本科生自我意识的影响因素（P<0.001）,可解释自我意识总变异度的30.2%。结论 护理本科生自我意识处于中等偏下水平,护理本科生自我意识受学生干部经历、是否自愿选择专业、家庭支持职业选择及不同形式反馈寻求行为的影响,故护理教育者应针对这些因素进行护理教育措施的研究,以提高护理本科生的自我意识。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of self-consciousness of nursing under-graduates. Methods A total of 1 411 nursing students were investigated with the Self-consciousness Scale and the Feed-back-Seeking Behavior Scale. The SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. The independent t-test or ANOVA was used to compare the scores of self-consciousness among different characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation among variables. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing self-consciousness of nursing undergraduates. Results The score of self-consciousness of nursing undergraduates was （45.49±8.41）,and there was a positive correlation between self-consciousness and feedback-seeking behavior（r=0.521,P<0.001）. The influencing factors of self-consciousness were the experience of student leader,choosing nursing reason,career choice support from family,feedback-seeking behavior by teacher’s observation,feedback-seeking behavior by classmate’s observation and feedback-seeking behavior by classmate’s inquiry（P<0.001）,which could explain 30.2% of the variance of self-consciousness. Conclusion The self-consciousness of nursing under-graduates is below the middle level. The self-consciousness of nursing undergraduates is affected by the experience of student leaders,whether they choose their major voluntarily,career choice support from family,and different type of feed-back-seeking behavior. Therefore,nursing educators should develop the nursing education measures according to these factors to improve the self-consciousness of nursing undergraduates.