目的 探讨危险预知训练法在低年资护士综合急救技能培训中的应用方法及效果。方法 ①确定培训内容,制订综合急救技能危险预知训练模板,制作培训视频,设计演练案例和考核案例。②按工号的单双数将216名低年资护士进行分组,双数为试验组（n=108）,单数为对照组（n=108）。两组均采用小组演练的方式,护士自由组合,6名/组,边看视频边演练,演练按照美国心脏协会高级生命支持培训课程中高效团队复苏模式,每次、每人将组长、按压员、监护员、气道管理员、静脉管理员和记录员6个角色均演练1遍。每周演练1次,共演练5次。试验组在此基础上加用危险预知训练法:学习综合急救技能危险预知训练模板;每次演练结束对照危险预知训练模板分析、讨论、改进。③在培训结束后1周、3个月、6个月对两组进行综合急救技能考核。结果 培训结束后1周、3个月、6个月综合急救技能考核成绩组间与时间存在交互效应（F=33.292,P<0.001）,简单效应分析显示,培训结束后1周、3个月、6个月,试验组的急救综合技能考核成绩均高于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 应用危险预知训练法培训的试验组的综合急救技能优于仅使用小组演练的对照组,且培训后综合急救技能维持时间更长。

Objective To explore the effects of the Kiken Yochi training on comprehensive first-aid skills of junior nurses. Methods ①We established the training contents,developed the comprehensive first-aid Kiken Yochi skill training model,made training videos,and designed practice cases and assessment cases. ②A total of 216 junior nurses were divided into two groups according to the odevity of their job ID. Nurses with even numbers were assigned to the experimental group（n=108） and those with the odd numbers was in the control group（n=108）. Nurses in the control group practiced in small groups with 6 persons. The practices were guided by videos and strictly followed the high-efficiency teams resuscitation model in the advanced life support training course of the American Heart Association. Nurses took turns to rehearse the six roles of team leader,compressor,monitor,airway administrator,vein administrator and recorder. Practice was done once a week and five weeks in total. Nurses in the experimental group received the Kiken Yochi training based on the training in the control group. The Kiken Yochi training included learning the comprehensive first-aid skills theoretically and analyzing,discussing,and improving the skills at the end of each practice. ③One week,three months and six months after the training,the two groups were tested for comprehensive first-aid skills. Results One week,three months and six months after the training,there were interaction effects between groups and time in the comprehensive first-aid skills assessment scores（F=33.292,P<0.001）. Simple effect analysis indicated that the scores of nurses in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at one week,three months and six months after the training（P<0.05）. Conclusion The effects of the comprehensive first-aid skills training with Kiken Yochi model is better than that of the control group. The comprehensive first-aid skills maintain longer effects after training.