目的 了解新护士转型冲击及结构授权感知现状及相关性。方法 2020年6月—7月,便利选取308名入职1年内的护士为研究对象,采用新护士转型冲击评价量表、工作效能条件量表进行横断面调查,运用Pearson相关分析探讨新护士转型冲击与结构授权感知之间的关系。结果 新护士转型冲击条目均分为（3.13±0.72）分,总体得分率为62.6%;结构授权感知条目均分为（3.01±0.63）分,总体得分率为60.2%;新护士转型冲击得分与结构授权感知得分相关系数为-0.461（P<0.01）。结论 新护士转型冲击处于中等偏高水平,结构授权感知水平中等,转型冲击与结构授权感知呈负相关,建议管理者在生理、心理与社会方面给予新护士支持,帮助其顺利地完成角色转型。

Objective To know the current status of new nurses’ transition shock and the perception of structural empowerment,and to explore the correlation between them. Methods From June to July 2020,a total of 308 new nurses were selected. The Transition Shock of Newly Graduated Nurses Scale and Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-Ⅱ were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. The Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the transition shock impact of new nurses and the perception of structural empowerment. Results The score of new nurses’ transition shock was 3.13±0.72 and the scoring rate was 62.6%. The score of new nurses’ structural empowerment perception was 3.01±0.63 and the scoring rate was 60.2%. Correlation analysis showed that the transition shock scores of new nurses were negatively correlated with the structural empowerment perception scores（r=-0.461,P<0.01）. Conclusion The level of new nurses’ transition shock is above the middle level,and the level of structural empowerment perception is average. The transition shock is negatively related to structural empowerment perception. It is recommended that managers provide new nurses with physical,psychological and social support to help them successfully complete the role transition.