目的 系统评价虚拟现实技术在护理专业学生教学中的应用效果。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、知网数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库,收集建库至2020 年11月的虚拟现实技术用于护理专业学生教学的随机对照试验研究,采用Cochrane评价手册中提供的随机对照试验研究质量评价标准对纳入文献质量进行评价。采用Stata 13.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入9项随机对照试验,包括638名学生。Meta分析结果显示,与其他或传统护理教学方法相比,虚拟现实技术可更好提高护理专业学生的理论知识水平[SMD=0.51,95%CI(0.31,0.70),P<0.05],但在改善护理教学实践技能水平[SMD=0.15,95%CI(-0.21,0.51),P=0.42]和满意度[SMD=0.01,95%CI(-0.81, 0.82),P=0.99]方面无明显效果。结论 与其他或传统护理教学方法相比,虚拟现实技术可更好提高护理专业学生理论知识水平,但虚拟现实技术在提高护理教学实践技能水平和满意度方面无明显优势。

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality on nursing education. Methods We performed a systematic search in PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP to collect RCT studies about effects of virtual reality on nursing education published from inception to Nov. 2020. The quality of the included studies were evaluated using the RCT quality assessment criteria provided in the Cochrane evaluation manual. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 13.0. Results Nine studies were recruited with 638 participants. Meta-analysis showed that virtual reality could effectively improve the level of knowledge[SMD=0.51,95%CI(0.31,0.70),P<0.05],compared with other or traditional nursing teaching modes. However,there was no statistically significant difference between virtual reality and non-virtual reality group about practical skills [SMD=0.15,95%CI(-0.21,0.51),P=0.42] and satisfaction[SMD=0.01,95%CI(-0.81,0.82),P=0.99].Conclusion Compared with other or traditional teaching method,virtual reality can improve the knowledge of nursing students better. However,virtual reality has no obvious advantage in improving students practical skills and satisfaction level.