目的 分析2018年福建省护理人力资源配置现状及其公平性,为优化护理人员配置提供理论依据。方法通过对《福建统计年鉴—2019》、福建省各地级市2019年统计年鉴和《2019中国卫生健康统计年鉴》的主要数据的描述性分析,运用卫生经济学中洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数进行研究。结果 2018年福建省注册护士占卫生技术人员的44.20%,床护比为1∶0.57,医护比为 1∶1.20;每千人拥有注册护士数2.77人,低于全国和华东平均水平;每平方千米拥有注册护士数0.88人,高于全国平均水平,低于华东地区平均水平;各地市护理人力资源按服务人口、辖区面积的基尼系数分别为0.071、0.347。结论 福建省护理人力资源配置总量不足,地市之间护理人力资源按服务人口处于比较合理状态,按辖区面积处于相对合理状态,人口分布公平性优于面积分布,应加强地域配置公平性投入。

Objective To investigate the current status and equity of nursing human resource allocation in Fujian province in 2018. Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted according to the Fujian statistics yearbook-2019,statistics yearbook-2019 for all cities of Fujian and China health statistics yearbook-2019. Both Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were adopted to assess the current status and equity of nursing human resource allocation. Results In 2018,the nurses registered in Fujian province was accounted for 44.20% of the total health workers. The bed-to-nurse ratio（1∶0.57）,doctor-to-nurse ratio（1 ∶ 1.20）,number of nurses per thousand population（2.77） were all lower than the average level of the nation and east China. The number of nurses per square kilometer（0.88） was higher than the average national level and lower than the level of east China.The Gini coefficients of nursing human resources in population and area distributions were 0.071 and 0.347 respectively. Conclusion The number of nursing human resources in Fujian province is not adequate.The allocation of nursing human resources is relatively fair. The equity of demographic distribution is superior to that of geographical distribution. The equity of geographical distribution should be strengthened.