目的 比较不同培训方法在医护人员应对烈性传染病时个人防护技术教学的效果。 方法 招募某三级甲等医院的138名医护人员,采用随机数字表法将其分为A、B、C三组,按照中国疾病预防控制中心（Centers for Disease Control,CDC）与WHO关于个人防护技术方案指南进行培训,A组采用“图示解说法+实操训练”进行培训,B组在A组基础上增加关键易失误环节强化培训,C组在B组基础上增加数字标注法进行培训,观察并比较3组个人防护装备（personal protective equipment,PPE）脱卸后污染点数量与脱卸时间。 结果 按照中国CDC个人防护技术方案指南进行PPE脱卸后,3组身体表面污染点数量比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;按照WHO个人防护技术方案指南进行PPE脱卸后,B、C两组的污染点数量明显少于A组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。C组脱卸个人防护装备的时间明显短于A、B组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 3种培训方法各有优势,在具体实施时,还需考虑医院培训资源、人力、物力等条件,有组织地提升医护人员个人防护“知、信、行”。

Objective To compare the effects of different training methods on personal protective skills of healthcare professionals dealing with epidemic infectious diseases. Methods A total of 138 physicians and nurses were recruited and divided into the A,B and C group randomly. The trainings were conducted according to the guidelines of Chinese Center for Disease Control（CDC） and World Health Organization （WHO）. Healthcare professionals in group A received the training of “picture illustration and skill demonstration”. Healthcare professionals in group B received another training strengthening these points which were easily missed besides contents in group A. Group C received “number highlighted” besides the contents of group B. The contamination spots and the time duration of putting off the personal protective equipment（PPE） were compared among the three groups. Results There were no significant differences in the number of contamination spots on the body surface among the three groups（P>0.05） after removal of PPE according to the guidelines of Chinese CDC. However,the number of contamination spots in group B and C was significantly less than that in group A after the removal of PPE according to WHO guideline （P<0.05）. Time duration of removing PPE in group C was significantly shorter than that in group A and B （P<0.05）. Conclusion Each training method has its own advantages and limitations. Hospitals can improve the knowledge,attitude,and behaviors of their healthcare professionals with consideration of the training resources,human resources,material resources and other conditions.