体验式生死教育课程对大学生死亡态度的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2021.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨开展体验式生死教育课程的方法和效果。方法开设全校性选修人文素养类课程——向死而生,每周2学时,共32学时。课程包括7个主题内容：生死教育概述、生与死的生物学概念、生与死的哲学意义、死亡恐惧与死亡焦虑、死亡与文化、生命伦理学相关议题（安乐死、临终关怀、器官移植、自杀等）、找寻生命的意义。开课前和结课时,用死亡态度描绘量表中文修订版调查选修该课程的73名学生的死亡态度。结果结课时,学生的死亡恐惧和逃离接受维度得分低于干预前（Z=3.35,P=0.001;Z=2.15,P=0.032）。教学前后学生的死亡逃避、自然接受、趋近接受维度得分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论体验式生死教育有助于缓解大学生对死亡的恐惧和改善对死亡相关事件的逃避态度。

关键词: 课程, 对死亡的态度, 生死教育

Abstract:

Objective To explore the methods and effects of experiential life and death education. Methods Life and death education courses were elective courses with a total class hour of 32, 2 hours per week for 16 weeks,including 7 topics：overview of life and death education,biological processes of life and death,philosophical significance of life and death,fear of death and death anxiety,death and culture,issues related to bioethics（euthanasia,hospice care,organ transplantation,suicide,etc.）,search meaning in life. Death Attitude Profile-Revised（DAP-R） was used to evaluate 73 students’ death attitudes before and after the course. Results Compared with the results measured before life and death education,the average scores of Fear of Death and Escape Acceptance were decreased significantly（Z=3.35,P=0.001;Z=2.15,P=0.032）. There was no significant difference in scores of Death Avoidance,Natural Acceptance,and Approach Acceptance（P>0.05）. Conclusion The experiential life and death education can help college students alleviate their fear of death and develop attitudes towards death objectively.

Key words: Curriculum, Attitude to Death, Life and death education

黄宇昕, 唐四元, 鄢芳, 赵倩, 孙玫. 体验式生死教育课程对大学生死亡态度的影响[J]. 中华护理教育, 2021, 18(5): 420-424.

HUANG Yu-xin, TANG Si-yuan, YAN Fang, ZHAO Qian, SUN Mei. Evaluation of experiential life and death education course on death attitudes of college students[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2021, 18(5): 420-424.

图/表 1

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