反复遭受工作场所暴力的护士人群特征分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2023.08.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解培训后仍反复遭受工作场所暴力护士的人群特征，为构建针对性培训策略提供参考。方法便利选取2021年5月—9月系统接受工作场所暴力预防策略专项培训的苏州市某综合医院的424名护士为研究对象，分别在培训前、培训后第3、6、9个月对护士应用一般资料调查表、修订版医院工作场所暴力调查问卷、中国大五人格问卷简式版、工作场所暴力应对资源量表进行调查。结果培训后仍有51.7%（219/424）的护士反复遭受工作场所暴力。Logistic回归结果显示，人格特征（神经质人格）、工作年限（6~10年）、科室（急诊、门诊、外科）是培训后护士仍反复遭受工作场所暴力的危险因素（P<0.05）；培训方式（线上培训）、应对资源水平高是培训后护士仍反复遭受工作场所暴力的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论护理管理者应聚焦急诊、门诊等重点科室，关注工作6~10年且神经质人格特征的护士，对其开展针对性的线上培训，提高应对资源水平，以减少其遭受工作场所暴力的频率。

关键词: 护士, 问卷调查, 纵向研究, 工作场所暴力

Abstract:

Objective To understand the population characteristics of nurses who still suffer from workplace violence（WPV） repeatedly after training，and provide a theoretical basis for building targeted training strategies. Methods A total of 424 nurses from a general hospital in Suzhou who systematically received special training on WPV prevention strategies were selected by convenient sampling from May 2021 to September 2021. The nurses were respectively surveyed before training，at the 3rd，6th，and 9th months after training using the general information questionnaire，the revised version of the hospital WPV questionnaire，Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory brief version，and the WPV coping resource scale. Results After training，51.7%（219/424） of nurses still suffered from WPV repeatedly. Logistic regression results showed that personality characteristics（neurotic personality），working years（6—10 years） and departments（emergency，outpatient，surgery） were risk factors for nurses to suffer from workplace violence repeatedly after training（P<0.05）. Training methods（online training） and high level of coping resources were protective factors for nurses to repeatedly suffer from workplace violence after training（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing managers should focus on key departments such as emergency department and outpatient department，pay attention to nurses with neurotic personality characteristics who have worked for 6—10 years， conduct targeted online training for them，improve the level of coping resources，and to reduce the frequency of workplace violence.

Key words: Nurses, Questionnaires, Longitudinal Studies, Workplace violence

蔡建政, 王海芳, 胡秀英, 毛莉芬, 赵晓晴, 秦子煜. 反复遭受工作场所暴力的护士人群特征分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2023, 20(8): 919-924.

CAI Jianzheng, WANG Haifang, HU Xiuying, MAO Lifen, ZHAO Xiaoqing, QIN Ziyu. Analysis on the characteristics of nurses who suffer from workplace violence repeatedly[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2023, 20(8): 919-924.

图/表 4

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