护理硕士专业学位研究生培养现状及发展建议

doi:10.3761/j.issn.1672-9234.2024.08.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解国内各院校护理硕士专业学位研究生培养现状，分析目前我国护理硕士专业学位研究生培养与专科护理行业执业资格衔接存在的问题并提出发展建议，为完善护理硕士专业学位研究生培养方案提供参考。方法采用自行编制问卷，以护理硕士专业学位研究生导师和教学管理人员为调查对象，对全国东部、中部、西部地区30所护理硕士专业学位授权点的护理硕士专业学位研究生培养情况进行问卷调查。结果 17所（56.7%）护理院校仅招收全日制护理硕士专业学位研究生；28所（93.3%）院校培养方向划分较为笼统，仍以临床护理作为护理硕士专业学位研究生的培养方向；15所（50.0%）院校会将专科护士培训内容融入到专业学位研究生的培养方案中。130名（65.7%）护理硕士专业学位研究生导师与23名（76.7%）教学管理人员表示该校有意在未来将护理硕士专业学位研究生培养与专科护理行业执业资格相衔接进行专科化培养，衔接途径主要从招生条件、课程设置、临床实践、证书授予等方面进行。结论护理硕士专业学位研究生教育有呈专科化发展的趋势，应进一步推动护理硕士专业学位研究生培养与专科护理行业执业资格衔接，完善护理硕士专业学位研究生的培养方案。

关键词: 教育, 护理, 问卷调查, 护理硕士专业学位

Abstract:

Objective To understand the training status of master of nursing specialist （MNS） in universities and colleges in China，and analyze the existing problems in the training of master of nursing specialist（MNS） and professional qualification of specialist nursing industry，so as to promote MNS education in China. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the cultivation status of master of nursing specialist in 30 authorization points of master of nursing specialist in the eastern，central and western regions of China. Results A total of 17（56.7%） nursing schools enrolled full-time master of nursing specialist only，and the scale of part-time enrollment was much smaller than that of full-time enrollment. Another 28（93.3%） colleges had a general training direction，and still took clinical nursing as the training direction of master of nursing specialist. Besides，15 colleges （50.0%） would integrate specialist nurse curriculum into the training program of professional degree postgraduates. A total of 130（65.7%） MNS graduate supervisors and 23（76.7%） MNS teaching managers expressed that the university intended to connect MNS graduate training with industry practice qualifications for specialized training in the future，and the ways of connection were mainly from the aspects of enrollment conditions，curriculum setting，clinical practice，certificate award，etc. Conclusion The education of master of nursing specialist in domestic colleges has a trend of specialized development，therefore，it is imperative to promote the connection between the training of master of nursing specialist and industry practice qualification. Relevant departments should cooperate with each other to improve the training program and connection system.

Key words: Education, Nursing, Questionnaire, Master of nursing specialist

李淑敏, 魏征新, 尚少梅, 侯淑肖. 护理硕士专业学位研究生培养现状及发展建议[J]. 中华护理教育, 2024, 21(8): 962-967.

LI Shumin, WEI Zhengxin, SHANG Shaomei, HOU Shuxiao. Current situation and development suggestions for the cultivation of master of nursing specialist students[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing Education, 2024, 21(8): 962-967.

图/表 2

参考文献 26

[1]	国务院学位委员会. 关于印发金融硕士等19种专业学位设置方案的通知[EB/OL]. (2010-05-13)[2023-07-08]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_833/201005/t20100513_92739.html.
[2]	宗清贞, 刘丽秀. 护理专业学位硕士研究生国内就业现状及思考[J]. 当代护士(上旬刊), 2023, 30(4):22-24.
[3]	曹雪东, 暴银素, 闫惠, 等. 一流学科建设视域下我国护理硕士研究生培养困境与实践路径分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2022, 19(5):410-413.
	Cao XD, Bao YS, Yan H, et al. Dilemma and practical path of nursing postgraduate training in China from the perspective of first-class discipline construction[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2022, 19(5):410-413.
[4]	韩世范, 张倩, 张培莉, 等. 新时代我国高等护理教育院校的发展战略思考[J]. 护理研究, 2022, 36(8):1317-1325.
	Han SF, Zhang Q, Zhang PL, et al. Reflections on the development strategy of nursing schools in China’s higher education institutions in the new era[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2022, 36(8):1317-1325.
[5]	国家卫生健康委, 国家发展和改革委员会, 教育部. 关于印发促进护理服务业改革与发展指导意见的通知[EB/OL]. (2018-06-21)[2023-07-08]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2018-12/31/content_5435177.htm.
[6]	Sheer B, Wong FK. The development of advanced nursing practice globally[J]. J Nurs Scholarsh, 2008, 40(3):204-211.
[7]	肖美慧, 蒋小剑, 向婷婷, 等. 行业需求视角下护理硕士专业学位临床实践专科嵌入式培养模式的实施与建议[J]. 中国现代医生, 2021, 59(11):150-153.
[8]	张燕霞, 张立秀, 杨金玉. 美国高级实践护士资格认证制度及启示[J]. 护理学杂志, 2020, 35(17):104-108.
	Zhang YX, Zhang LX, Yang JY. Qualification and certification of advanced practice nurse in United States and its enlightenment[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2020, 35(17):104-108.
[9]	中国研究生招生信息网. 以护理人员的专业能力,助力健康中国进程[EB/OL]. (2022-12-07)[2024-02-12]. https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/zsxz/202212/20221207/2240219765.html.
[10]	尤黎明, 付雪, 刘佳丽, 等. 我国非全日制护理硕士专业学位研究生培养现状及存在问题和发展建议[J]. 中华护理教育, 2023, 20(9):1029-1033.
	You LM, Fu X, Liu JL, et al. Current status,existing problems and development suggestions for the part-time master of nursing(professional degree) educational programs in China[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2023, 20(9):1029-1033.
[11]	李鹏, 杨连招, 吴彬, 等. 我国护理硕士专业学位研究生教育的发展现状及对策[J]. 护理研究, 2017, 31(21):2568-2572.
	Li P, Yang LZ, Wu B, et al. Status quo and countermeasures of graduate education of nursing master degree in China[J]. Nurs Res China, 2017, 31(21):2568-2572.
[12]	陈艺彤. 护理硕士专业学位研究生开展专科化培养的思考[J]. 循证护理, 2022, 8(9):1207-1209.
[13]	杨志仙, 陈蜀, 董美宏, 等. 我国护理学硕士研究生招生现状及分析[J]. 中华护理教育, 2018, 15(10):743-747.
	Yang ZX, Chen S, Dong MH, et al. Current status of recruitment of nursing master students in China[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2018, 15(10):743-747.
[14]	中国学位与研究生教育学会. 研究生教育学科专业简介及其学位基本研究(试行版)[EB/OL]. (2024-01-24)[2024-02-12]. https://www.acge.org.cn/encyclopediaFront/enterEncyclopediaIndex.
[15]	张诚诚, 王晴, 马孟婕, 等. 护理硕士专业学位研究生课程设置现状及思考[J]. 中国中医药现代远程教育, 2019, 17(17):159-160.
[16]	王迪, 齐翠萍, 丁雪莹, 等. 护理专业型硕士与专科护士并轨培养的异质性探析[J]. 卫生职业教育, 2021, 39(17):7-9.
[17]	李熹雯. 护理硕士专业学位与专科护士并轨培养的探索性研究[D]. 南昌: 南昌大学, 2016.
[18]	邓文芳, 刘玲凤, 孙瑞, 等. 护理硕士专业学位研究生课程设置的探索与启示[J]. 长江大学学报(自科版), 2017, 14(24):63-66,5.
[19]	焦雨晨, 嵇艳. 中美护理学专业学位研究生课程结构的比较研究[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2020, 35(22):2022-2027.
[20]	曾兢. 护理硕士专业学位临床实践培养模式研究[D]. 重庆: 第三军医大学, 2014.
[21]	杨艳林. 专科护士分层级岗位管理体系的构建研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2021.
[22]	卫生部. 关于印发《中国护理事业发展规划纲要(2011-2015年)》的通知[EB/OL]. (2011-12-31). http://www.moh.gov.cn/mohyzs/s3593/201201/53897.shtml.
[23]	吴欣娟, 李佳倩, 李真, 等. 加强专科护士培养与使用助力专科护理跨越式发展[J]. 中国护理管理, 2017, 17(7):872-874.
	Wu XJ, Li JQ, Li Z, et al. Improving training and utilization of specialist nurses:a leap forward for specialized nursing[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2017, 17(7):872-874.
[24]	尹心红, 谭修竹, 廖力, 等. 非全日制护理专业学位硕士与专科护士并轨培养现状及展望[J]. 中国当代医药, 2022, 29(12):30-33.
[25]	尚丹丹. 以胜任力为导向的社区护理专业学位硕士研究生临床实践模式的构建[D]. 青岛: 青岛大学, 2020.
[26]	李姮, 石美霞, 吕丽芳, 等. 2014年—2019年山西省护理专业学位硕士研究生就业满意度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 护理研究, 2020, 34(14):2529-2534.